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11.
C. H. Orchard G. L. Smith D. S. Steele 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1998,435(4):555-563
Rat ventricular trabeculae were mounted for isometric tension recording, and then permeabilized with saponin. The Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]) within the permeabilized preparation (cytosolic [Ca2+]) was monitored continuously using Indo-1 and the integrals of Ca2+ transients resulting from brief caffeine application used as an index of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content. The relationship between SR Ca2+ content and cytosolic [Ca2+] was studied within the reported physiological range (i.e. 50–250 nmol · l–1 Ca2+). Increasing cytosolic [Ca2+] from 50 nmol · l–1 to 250 nmol · l–1 increased the steady-state SR Ca2+ content about threefold. However, increasing [Ca2+] above 250 nmol · l–1 typically resulted in spontaneous SR Ca2+ release, with no further increase in SR Ca2+ content. The SR Ca2+ content increased only slowly when cytosolic [Ca2+] was increased; it was unchanged 20 s after a rapid increase in cytosolic [Ca2+], but increased progressively to a new steady-state level during the following 1–2 min. In a parallel series of experiments
using intact papillary muscles, increasing extracellular [Ca2+] (from 0.5 to 5 mmol · l–1) significantly increased twitch tension within 20 s of the solution change. These results support previous suggestions that
the SR Ca2+ content may increase when diastolic cytosolic [Ca2+] rises during inotropic interventions such as increased stimulus rate or extracellular [Ca2+]. However, the rate at which SR Ca2+ responds to changes in cytoplasmic [Ca2+] within the diastolic range does not appear rapid enough to explain the early potentiation of twitch tension in intact preparations
after an increase in extracellular [Ca2+].
Received: 26 August 1997 / Accepted: 28 October 1997 相似文献
12.
In vitro biosynthesis and core glycosylation of the histidine-rich protein of Plasmodium lophurae 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We have characterized the early biosynthetic forms of the histidine-rich protein (HisRP), a major, granule-bound protein (Mr 58 000) of the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium lophurae. We have translated poly(A)-containing, size-selected parasite mRNA in the wheat germ cell-free system in the presence of [3H]histidine. HisRP was synthesized as a larger precursor (Mr 63 000). When dog pancreas microsomal membranes were present in the cell-free system during translation, a still larger form of HisRP (Mr 66 000) was detected. This larger form was segregated into the dog pancreas microsomal vesicles and was core glycosylated. Presumably, it corresponds to an intermediate form located in the parasite rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The difference in the Mr of approx. 8 000 between this RER associated 'pro' form and the granule-bound, mature form of HisRP suggests that proteolytic processing occurs upon transport from the RER to the granule. Segregation and core glycosylation were strictly coupled to translation and were not observed upon posttranslational addition of microsomal membranes. Thus, the early events in the biosynthesis of HisRP are similar to those established for secretory and lysosomal proteins. 相似文献
13.
Intracellular pH changes affect excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal, and cardiac muscles. However the proton implication
in modulating the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channel activity has never been visualized at single channel level. A large conducting Ca2+ release pathway has previously been characterized after incorporation of skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles
into planar lipid bilayers. This channel has been activated by micromolar and millimolar concentrations of Ca2+ and ATP, respectively. The pH was independently varied on each side of the channels. Acidification of the cis-chamber (7.4
to 6.6) induced a modification of the gating behaviour, resulting in a decrease of the open probability. This effect was completely
reversible. On the other hand, acidification of the trans-chamber (7.4 to 6.8) induced a reduction of the unitary conductance
of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channel. 相似文献
14.
Objective We previously demonstrated that, when expressed in COS-7 cells, L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which has neither an amino
terminal signal sequence nor a hydrophobic membrane anchor, was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), although its
orientation in the membrane remains to be clarified.
Methods & Results Protease digestion and immunofluorescence analyses of the cells, of which plasma membrane was selectively permeabilized, revealed
that the amino terminal 50-kDa portion of HDC is hardly accessible to proteases and antibodies added exogenously from the
cytosolic side. Green fluorescent protein fused with the carboxyl terminal 20-kDa region of HDC at its carboxyl terminus exhibited
the same characteristics as native HDC.
Conclusion These results indicate that HDC is tightly associated with the ER membrane with its carboxyl terminal region exposed on the
cytosolic side.
Received 22 November 2005; returned for revision 28 December 2005; accepted by A. Falus 22 January 2006 相似文献
15.
J. -M. Chong Y. Shiozawa Y. Hayashi N. Funata T. Takizawa M. Koike M. Fukayama 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1996,428(4-5):261-266
We report a case of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma which contained a large number of pleomorphic inclusions with fibrillary internal structures and mature zymogen granules. To clarify the significance of fibrillary inclusions in the differentiation of acinar cells of the pancreas, we further investigated fetal pancreases (gestational weeks 16, 17, 19, 20 and 28). We found two types of inclusions: type A, corresponding to fibrillary inclusion of neoplastic acinar cells, was observed only in a 19-week fetus; type B showed a homogeneous density similar to that of zymogen granules. Type B was observed in all the fetuses after the 17th gestational week. Although the type A inclusion might be generated throught a different mechanism than the type B inclusion, the appearance of a large number of fibrillary inclusions in neoplastic acinar cells may represent a transient form of zymogen granule. 相似文献
16.
K.-M. Zhang Ping Hu Shang-Wu Wang Leon D. Wright Andrew S. Wechsler John A. Spratt F. N. Briggs 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1998,435(4):511-517
Chronic administration of salbutamol induced expression of hybrid fibers in canine skeletal muscles. Fast-twitch fibers expressed
SERCA2a (the slow-twitch isoform of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) and slow-twitch fibers expressed SERCA1 (the fast-twitch isoform of the Ca2+-ATPase). The proportion of fibers that became hybrid increased from a small percentage in the control muscles to 30% in the
predominantly fast-twitch latissimus dorsi and to 45% in the predominantly slow-twitch vastus intermedius. In contrast to
this response by the SERCA genes the phospholamban gene response was muscle specific. The fraction of fibers that expressed
phospholamban decreased slightly in the latissimus dorsi while increasing moderately in the vastus intermedius. The effects
of chronic neurostimulation of the latissimus dorsi on SERCA1, SERCA2a and phospholamban levels were mostly blocked by salbutamol.
While 100% of fibers from neurostimulated muscles expressed phospholamban, only 51% of the fibers from the neurostimulated
and salbutamol-treated muscles expressed it. In the neurostimulated muscle, very few muscle fibers expressed SERCA1a while
61% of the fibers that received salbutamol expressed it, albeit as hybrid fibers. The levels of SERCA2a in response to these
interventions were just the opposite. In the neurostimulated muscle 37.5% of fibers were hybrid and 62.5% expressed SERCA2a
only. With co-administration of neurostimulation and salbutamol, 61.3% of fibers were hybrid and 38.7% expressed SERCA2a only.
Received: 4 July 1997 / Received after revision: 16 October 1997 / Accepted: 30 October 1997 相似文献
17.
Jean-Aimé Simoneau Margit Kaufmann Karl-Thomas Härtner Dirk Pette 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1989,414(6):629-633
This study compares changes in contractile properties, Parvalbumin content, and Ca2+-uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of low-frequency stimulated rat and rabbit tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Time to peak tension increased 1.8-fold in 35-day stimulated rabbit TA, while no change occurred in rat TA. Isometric twitch tension increased 2-fold in rabbit TA, but was unaltered in rat TA. Parvalbumin (PA) content was more than 90% reduced in rabbit TA, but only 60% in rat TA after 35 days. At this time, PA content of the stimulated rat TA was still higher than that of normal rabbit TA. Taking into account the suggested role of PA as a cytosolic Ca2+ buffer, its decrease could lead to an impaired free Ca2+-decay with a prolonged active state and a higher tension output during a single twitch. This would explain why chronic stimulation led to an increase in isometric twitch tension in rabbit TA, but not in rat TA. The 1.6-fold rise in half-relaxation time of 35-day stimulated rat and rabbit TA most likely resulted from a 50% reduced Ca2+-uptake by the SR, due to a still unknown modification of the Ca2+-transport ATPase. 相似文献
18.
Ruthenium red has been shown to have a positive inotropic effect on isolated perfused hearts. The cellular mechanism of this action is not clear. Ruthenium red is able to block the Ca2+ release channel in isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicle and reconstituted channel preparations. However, the effect of ruthenium red on SR Ca2+ release has not been studied in skinned cardiac muscle preparations. In the present study we investigated the actions of ruthenium red on both the characteristics of force generation by the contractile apparatus and Ca2+ release from the SR in chemically skinned rat papillary muscle. Ruthenium red (2 and 10 M) significantly increased the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus (decreasing Ca2+ required for the half-maximal response from 1.56±0.04 M to 1.46±0.05 M) but had no effect on the maximal Ca2+-activated force in triton X-100 treated fibers. This result may suggest one explanation for the positive inotropic effect of ruthenium red on the heart. On the other hand, ruthenium red had no significant effect on either caffeine-induced Ca2+ release or Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the SR in saponin-skinned muscle fibers. Lack of a blocking effect on SR Ca2+ release by ruthenium red in skinned fibers suggests that the SR Ca2+ channels in intact preparations have characteristics that are different from those of either vesicular or reconstituted channel preparations. 相似文献
19.
20.
Annunziata Gloghini Antonino Carbone 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1990,416(3):197-204
Summary We performed a comparative immunohisto-cytochemical study of the distribution patterns of laminin and follicular dendritic reticulum cells (DRCs) within their follicular microenvironment in both nodular or diffuse B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). Twenty nine cases of immunophenotypically diagnosed B-cell NHLs (19 of follicular center cell origin-FCCL- and 10 of the diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic type-WDLL-) and five reactive lymph nodes with follicular hyperplasia were analyzed by immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques. Serial frozen sections and cytospin preparations were tested either with single antibodies anti laminin and DRC-1, or paired reagents in double labeling immunofluorescence. Our results indicated consistently that within both the reactive germinal centers and the neoplastic nodules of FCCL laminin immunostaining visualized a punctate-granular pattern apart from the linear vascular basement membrane positivity. Double immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that there was a close parallelism between this laminin staining pattern and DRC-1 distribution showing a well developed DRCs meshwork; in the diffuse tumour areas of both FCCL and WDLL, laminin immunoreactivity was found only in those cases in which nests of DRCs were observed. Double immunofluorescence studies performed on cytospin preparations demonstrated that the groups of cells containing DRC-1 positive cells, contained a positivity for laminin, although within the cell the staining for DRC-1 was intense and diffuse, while that for laminin was granular and more sparse. Our results suggested that these laminin and DRC-1 positive reactive sites may be present on the same cells. Since the reduction in number or loss of both DRCs and their related immunostaining for laminin within the microenvironment was consistently associated with a loss of nodularity by lymphoma cells, whereas nodularity in reactive and neoplastic conditions was associated with a rich DRCs meshwork and the related laminin immunostaining, a trapping function of DRCs exercised in the presence of laminin should be considered.This work was supported in part by a Grant N 87.02799.44 from the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Progetto Finalizzato Oncologia, Rome, and by the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Milan, Italy 相似文献