腹茧症的影像诊断

目的探讨腹茧症的影像特点，提高术前诊断水平。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的腹茧症6例，术前均进行立位腹部X线平片和腹部CT检查，4例同时行胃肠道钡剂造影，复习其影像表现。结果6例立位腹部X线平片中3例诊断为肠梗阻。4例胃肠道钡剂造影，均可见小肠交错盘绕成团，呈“菜花”状或“手风琴”状表现。6例CT检查，均可见小肠聚集成团，其周围可见膜样的囊状物将其包裹。结论对患者进行胃肠道造影时观察到“菜花”状征象，或CT检查时观察到小肠聚集成团被一层膜样物包裹，应考虑到腹茧症的可能。     

排粪造影对便秘成因的影像诊断

目的：通过回顾性比较分析用排粪造影法探讨便秘成因及临床应用价值。方法：分析排粪造影者276例资料和图像。结果：在便秘患者中总体阳性率为57．1％，其中功能出口性梗阻者占总体阳性中95．2％，而器质性出口梗阻为4．8％，女性患者以直肠前突多见，男性患者以直肠黏膜脱垂多见。结论：排粪造影对下消化道便秘成因的检查具有较高的诊断价值，为临床治疗提供客观依据，指导临床治疗原则。     

急诊左半结肠一期切除吻合术25例治疗体会

目的探讨急诊左半结肠切除一期肠吻合的可行性。方法腹腔探查完后，用布带结扎横结肠，游离肠系膜后，于预切除肠段的上端切开作肠外减压，挤压排空粪便，切除病变肠管，端端吻合，术后作肛管扩张，停留肛管引流，胃肠减压。结果全部病人预期痊愈出院，无发生吻合口漏和腹腔污染。结论该法有利于吻合口的愈合，增加左半结肠一期切除吻合的安全性，减少第2次手术痛苦，可推荐为左半结肠急诊切除一期吻合的良好方法。     

Is endoscopic one‐piece mucosal resection essential for early gastric cancer?

Background: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is widely accepted as a minimally invasive treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC) in Japan. However, the criteria for EMR must be strictly adhered to otherwise patients will miss the chance for additional therapy. We assess the important factor in expanding the indication of EMR. Methods: We investigated 1101 EGCs that had been resected by EMR at the National Cancer Center Hospital (NCCH), Tokyo, Japan, according to the indication recommended by Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) and the expanded indication proposed by NCCH. Curability and local recurrence of the EMRs were assessed related to the applied indication and the number of resected specimens. Results: The recurrence rate of non‐evaluable resection was higher than that of evaluable resection (P < 0.0001). Eighty‐three lesions among 772 lesions in the JGCA group were non‐evaluable. Thirty‐seven leisons among 329 lesions in the NCCH group were non‐evaluable. There was no difference in the rate of non‐evaluable resection between JGCA and NCCH groups (P = 0.8329). However, the rate of curative resection was lower in the NCCH group than in the JGCA group (P = 0.0009). In piecemeal resection, there was no difference in the rate of non‐evaluable resection between JGCA and NCCH groups (P = 0.0527). In one‐piece resection, the rate of non‐evaluable resection was lower in the NCCH group than the JGCA group (P = 0.0137). Conclusion: Based on our series of cases, we propose one‐piece resection as a gold standard for EMR because it enables accurate histological evaluation, even in the EMR, according to the expanded indication.     

Disappointing results and low tolerability of photodynamic therapy with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid in psoriasis. A randomized, double-blind phase I/II study

BACKGROUND: Based on good results in the treatment of superficial skin tumours, since the early 1990s topical photodynamic therapy with aminolaevulinic acid (ALA PDT) has been used for disseminated, inflammatory dermatoses including psoriasis. However, there is still a lack of well-documented trials. OBJECTIVE: A prospective randomized, double-blind phase I/II intrapatient comparison study was conducted in 12 patients to investigate whether topical ALA PDT is an effective treatment for chronic plaque-type psoriasis. METHODS: In each patient three psoriatic plaques were randomly treated with a light dose of 20 J/cm(2) and 0.1%, 1% and 5% ALA, respectively. Treatment was conducted twice a week until complete clearance or for a maximum of 12 irradiations. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by weekly determination of the psoriasis severity index (PSI). RESULTS: The mean percentage improvement was 37.5%, 45.6% and 51.2% in the 0.1%, 1% and 5% ALA-treated groups, respectively. Irradiation had to be interrupted several times because of severe burning and pain sensation. CONCLUSION: Topical ALA PDT did not prove to be an appropriate treatment option for plaque-type psoriasis due to disappointing clinical efficacy, the time-consuming treatment procedure and its unfavourable adverse event profile.     

A CASE OF EARLY GASTRIC CANCER ACCOMPANIED BY DIEULAFOY ULCER IN A YOUNG WOMAN

A case of early gastric carcinoma accompanied by Dieulafoy ulcer is presented. The patient, a 26‐year‐old female, visited our emergency room with chief complaints of massive hematemesis and tarry stool. The initial endoscopic examination revealed a superficial depressed lesion with a faded color accompanied by a tiny ulcer with converging folds at the anterior wall of the middle gastric body. Although no active bleeding vessel was found at that time, the patient was admitted to our hospital for further check‐ups and treatment. On the 6th hospital day, she developed massive hematemesis resulting in shock. Urgent endoscopy, this time, disclosed an exposed bleeding vessel at the small ulcer floor previously mentioned, and endoscopic hemostasis was achieved. Since, however, a biopsy at initial examination from the surrounding depressed area proved carcinoma, a partial distal gastrectomy was subsequently carried out. Histological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of carcinoma limited to the mucosa and submucosa along with findings consistent with Dieulafoy ulcer. This is a rare case of combination of early cancer and Dieulafoy ulcer particularly in such a young patient. A review of the literature is also presented.     

对大肠癌术后早期炎性肠梗阻诊治的探讨

目的：探讨大肠癌术后早期炎性肠梗阻的特点及治疗方法；方法：分析10例大肠癌术后出现早期炎性肠梗阻的临床表现并进行综合保守治疗；结果：10例患者保守治疗全部成功；结论：术后早期炎性肠梗阻是一种非细菌性炎性肠梗阻，以发生在术后早期，腹胀、呕吐明显，腹痛轻或无为主要临床特点，治疗应采用保守治疗。     

胃癌及肠化组织的微卫星不稳定性

目的 :探讨微卫星不稳定性 (MSI)在胃癌及肠化组织中的发生规律及其在胃癌发生过程中的作用。方法 :对 30例胃癌、4 0例肠上皮化生的石蜡标本分别提取病变及相应正常组织的DNA ,应用银染PCR SSCP技术检测 5个微卫星位点的不稳定性。结果 :胃癌组织MSI的发生率为2 3 3% ,胃窦癌MSI的发生率显著高于贲门癌 (P =0 0 4 4 )。肠化组织MSI发生率 2 0 % ,MSI全部出现在中度以上肠化组织中 (P =0 0 13) ,且更多见于女性 (P =0 0 4 4 )。结论 :MSI是胃癌多步骤发生过程中的早期分子事件 ,在胃癌的发生中可能具有重要作用。     

High-resolution imaging of progressive articular cartilage degeneration.

The objective of this study was to develop and verify a new technique for monitoring the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) by combining a rat model with the imaging modality optical coherence tomography (OCT). Time-sequential, in vivo, OCT imaging was performed on the left femoral condyles of 12 Wistar rats following sodium-iodoacetic acid-induced OA progression. The right femoral condyles (untreated) were also imaged and served as controls. Imaging was performed on days 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 with an OCT system capable of acquiring images at four frames per second and an axial resolution of 5 microm. Progressive changes were analyzed using an OA scoring system. OCT successfully identified progressive cartilage degeneration as well as alteration of the cartilage/bone interface. Significant changes to both of these structures were observed in the sodium-iodoacetic acid-injected condyles. Structural changes detected with OCT were confirmed histologically. OCT in combination with a well-known model used in arthritis research represents a powerful tool for following degenerative joint disease progression in a given animal by detecting changes to the cartilage/bone interface and articular cartilage.