带髂胫束的股前外侧皮瓣游离移植一期修复跟后区组织缺损

目的评定带髂胫束的股前外侧皮瓣游离移植一期修复跟后区组织缺损的疗效。方法2000年1月~2005年1月,收治跟腱合并跟后区皮肤缺损11例。其中男7例,女4例,年龄6~45岁。6例为跟腱合并跟后区皮肤缺损,5例为跟腱、跟后区皮肤合并跟骨骨折或部分跟骨缺损。皮肤缺损范围6cm×5cm~14cm×8cm,跟腱缺损长度5~11cm。皮瓣切取范围11cm×6cm~17cm×11cm。髂胫束的切取长度7~13cm,宽度3~5cm。将髂胫束内外侧缘内翻缝合成腱状形成双层髂胫束重建跟腱。供区创面直接缝合5例,余6例行游离全厚皮片植皮。结果术后所有皮瓣均成活,伤口期愈合。获随访6个月~4年。根据尹庆水疗效评价标准优6例,良4例,可1例。Thompson试验和提踵试验均为阴性。无跟腱再断裂、跟区皮肤破溃等并发症发生,足跟部两点辨别觉6~8mm。结论带髂胫束的股前外侧皮瓣游离移植是一种有效且能一期修复跟腱合并跟后区皮肤缺损的手术方法。     

The use of Teno Fix tendon repair device in a patient with multiple flexor tendon ruptures

Flexor tendon laceration repairs remain challenging despite numerous advances in hand surgery. Although progress on this vital subject matter has been achieved, there continues to be discussion over which surgical technique produces the optimal result. Currently there are several recommended surgical repair options for the lacerated flexor tendon. However, these repairs continue to have possible significant complications including adhesions, decreased range of motion, gapping, and post operative rupture. Stainless steel suture has long been known as an option for flexor tendon repair. Stainless steel suture demonstrates one of the highest tensile strength sutures. However until recently, stainless steel suture placement for flexor tendon repairs was technically problematic. This case study discusses an additional option for repairing lacerated flexor tendons using an advanced stainless steel tendon repair system.     

Minimally invasive splenectomy in grade IV splenic trauma: A case report associated with high-grade renal trauma

Introduction and importanceIn closed abdominal trauma, the spleen is the most frequently injured organ (30–45%). Splenic lesions grades IV-V have higher failure rates with nonoperative management (NOM). The minimally invasive approach is an alternative when NOM fails. This is the first reported case of a patient with splenic and left renal trauma, both grade IV, with combined management, which consisted of a minimally invasive surgical resolution of the splenic trauma and a conservative management of the renal trauma, with a satisfactory recovery of the patient. This contributes to understanding the benefits of minimally invasive surgery in moderate splenic trauma associated with other high-grade injuries.Case presentationWe present a 45-year-old woman with a multiple trauma after a motorbike vs car traffic accident. On physical examination, she was hemodynamically stable, with abdominal guarding and generalized rebound tenderness associated with multiple upper and lower limb fractures. An abdominal CT scan revealed grade IV splenic and left renal trauma, with moderate hemoperitoneum. A minimally invasive laparoscopic approach for hemoperitoneum drainage and splenectomy was performed.Clinical discussionThere is currently no consensus to define the indications for minimally invasive treatment on splenic trauma. While laparotomy is the standard treatment, it is not without potential severe complications, while laparoscopy providing a treatment option in selected cases with hemodynamic stability.ConclusionThe role of the minimally invasive approach is safe and feasible in selected patients with high-grade splenic lesions and hemodynamic stability, including the association with other organic lesions such as kidney trauma.     

成人外伤性脾破裂非手术治疗55例分析

目的对非手术治疗外伤性脾破裂进行临床分析,为外伤性脾破裂临床治疗方法的选择提供初步证据。方法回顾1992年至2006年我院收治的包括选择性脾动脉栓塞和保守治疗的非手术治疗脾破裂患者55例,对治疗成功率、死亡率和并发症发生率进行分析比较,并评价其卫生经济学效益。结果治疗总成功率87．27％（48／55）,元患者死亡。损伤严重程度分组,51例脾Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤,总有效率90．19％（46／51）,再次栓塞或开腹手术5例。4例脾外伤Ⅲ级患者,2例非手术治疗成功,再次栓塞或开腹手术2例。治疗分组分析,传统保守治疗组保脾成功率为81．3％（26／32）,选择性脾动脉栓塞组成功率为100％（23／23）（P=0．035）。选择性脾动脉栓塞组2例并发左侧胸腔积液,1例并发左下肺感染;保守治疗组1例并发脾周脓肿。选择性脾动脉栓塞组平均住院日较保守治疗组[（7．9±4．2．1）d比（11．9±4．4．6）d]明显缩短（P=0．045）,但住院花费增加[（4216±668．4）元比（2616±437．8）元]（P〈0．05）。结论脾损伤Ⅰ、Ⅱ级患者适宜保脾治疗,选择性脾动脉栓塞术比传统非手术保守治疗疗效更为可靠,在医疗设备和经济条件允许的情况下建议考虑栓塞治疗。     

肾错构瘤破裂的诊断和治疗（附33例报告）

目的：探讨肾错构瘤破裂的临床特点、诊断和治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析2003年1月～2012年12月收治的肾错构瘤破裂出血者33例临床资料,男15例,女18例,年龄16～62岁,平均39岁。33例多因腰腹部疼痛不适或肉眼血尿入院。疼痛多表现为胀痛。首诊中以无诱因腰腹部疼痛入院者28例,其中突发性疼痛者14例,单纯性血尿3例,疼痛伴发血尿4例,血尿伴感染2例,外伤致血尿者2例。21例采用肾脏手术治疗,12例采用保守方法治疗。结果：2l例手术者均获得成功,术后恢复良好,无明显异常并发症。术后均证实为错构瘤。结论：肾错构瘤存在自发性破裂的可能,外伤亦能诱发瘤体破裂。瘤体直径〈4cm时,破裂出血几率较小;直径超过4cm时,自发性破裂的发生牢明显增加。超声和增强CT检查是诊断肾错构瘤的有效方法。     

Surgical Treatment of Hydatidothorax Series of 79 Cases

Objective: A retrospective review of 79 cases of ruptured intrapleural pulmonary hydatid cysts. We analyse and evaluate our experience in the surgical treatment of this complication.

Materials and Methods: In a ten-year period, from 1990 to 1999, 79 patients were operated on in our service for intrapleural rupture of a pulmonary hydatid cyst. There were 51 males and 28 females with a mean age of 35.4 years. The diagnosis was established on the basis of different clinical signs and imaging studies.

Surgical approach consisted of a posterolateral thoracotomy in all cases. After decortication, different procedures were performed on the pulmonary lesions according to the importance of lung destruction.

Results: Radical resections were done in 48 cases, including lobectomies (15), segmentectomies (33) and conservative treatment: simple capitonnage and bronchial fistula closure (31).

Postoperative complications occurred in 8 cases (10.1%), including one pyothorax, one haemothorax, one prolonged air leak, two pneumonias and two wound infections.

There was one postoperative death, by respiratory failure. Ninety-five percent (95%) of patients were free of recurrence of thoracic hydatid disease in a follow-up ranging from 1 to 10 years (mean: 5.4 years).

Conclusion: Hydatid cysts of the lung should be treated before complications occur, particularly intrapleural rupture because it considerably increases morbidity.     

Endovascular Treatment of Symptomatic and Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Aim: To report our early experience with endovascular treatment of symptomatic and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) using the Talent bifurcated stent graft.

Patients-methods: From August 2003 to May 2007 nine patients with symptomatic AAA (sAAA) (two after previous endovascular repair and endoleak), and eleven patients with ruptured AAA (rAAA) (one with ruptured iliac aneurysm and one with spontaneous aortic rupture) were treated endovascularly. Seven bifurcated stent grafts, (six Talent), and two iliac extensions were implanted into the patients with sAAA, and nine bifurcated stent grafts (eight Talent) and two aorto-uniliacs were implanted into the patients with rAAA.

Results: The deployment of the endovascular device in the intended location was successful in all patients. There was no conversion to open surgery. One patient with sAAA died after stroke and sepsis resulting in 11.1% 30-day mortality in this group. One required re-intervention for a type I endoleak before his discharge. Eight patients were discharged and during a follow-up period of 4–42 months (median 18 months) they have remained well. Two patients with rAAA died in the 30-day postoperative period. Thirty-day mortality was 18.1%. An unintended occlusion of one renal artery was performed. There were 9 survivors. During a follow-up period of 17–45 months (median 26 months) one more died of myocardial infarction.

Conclusion: Initial experience with endovascular treatment of patients with symptomatic or ruptured AAA, using the Talent bifurcated stent graft is promising. Bifurcated endografts can be implanted into patients with rAAA. A larger number of patients and longer follow-up is necessary to arrive at more reliable conclusions.     

Quadriceps and patellar tendon rupture

Ruptures of the patellar and/or quadriceps tendon are rare injuries that require immediate repair to re-establish knee extensor continuity and to allow early motion. We evaluated 36 consecutive patients with quadriceps or patellar tendon rupture between 1993 and 2000. There were 37 primary ruptures, 3 reruptures, 21 quadriceps and 19 patellar tendon ruptures. Follow up examination (>24 months postoperatively) included the patient's history, assessment of risk factors, clinical examination of both knees, isometric muscle strength measurements and three specific knee scores, Hospital for Special Surgery Score, Knee Society Score and Turba Score, and a short form SF-36. We evaluated 29 patients (26 men) with 33 ruptures (16 patellar tendon, 17 quadriceps tendon). Seven patients were lost to follow up. We found no difference between the range of motion and muscle strength when the injured leg was compared to the non-injured leg. Risk factors did not influence the four scores, patient satisfaction, pain, muscle strength or range of motion. Multiple injured patients had a significant reduction in muscle strength and circumference, however patient satisfaction did not differ to the non-multiple injured patient group.     

胎膜早破孕妇生殖道感染情况及对妊娠结局影响

目的 研究胎膜早破孕妇生殖道感染情况及对妊娠结局的影响。方法 选择2014年5月至2015年1月住院分娩的胎膜早破孕妇70例为早破组,同期无胎膜早破70例为对照组,检测两组生殖道病原微生物感染情况,并比较两组的妊娠结局。结果 早破组生殖道感染阳性率高于对照组,且剖宫产率,母体发生产后出血,绒毛膜羊膜炎,胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息发生率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 生殖道感染是胎膜早破最常见的诱因,积极筛查及治疗孕妇生殖道感染可以减少相关产科并发症的发生。     

36例新生儿环状胰腺的诊治分析

目的 总结小儿环状胰腺的产前诊断、围产期管理、早期手术的系统化诊疗.方法 选取2007年9月至2015年3月我院收治的36例产前诊断为环状胰腺患儿的病例资料,对其产前诊断、围产期管理、影像学检查、手术治疗及预后等资料进行回顾性分析.结果 同期收治产前超声诊断为十二指肠梗阻的52例患儿中,36例手术证实为环状胰腺.产前超声检查显示“双泡征”30例,“羊水过多”24例.其中30例分娩后当日即转运至我院,行十二指肠一十二指肠菱形吻合术治疗,均痊愈出院.结论 产前诊断、生后按计划转诊、早期手术治疗逐渐成为环状胰腺的主流管理模式.新生儿腔镜技术的发展应用进一步提高了本病疗效.