人食管癌相关基因cDNA片段的克隆、筛选与初步鉴定

目的 :筛选和鉴定人原发性食管癌组织的相关基因 ,揭示食管癌的癌变机理。方法 :用高效、灵敏的荧光mRNA差异显示技术 ,以食管癌及相应的正常食管粘膜组织为对照 ,通过对其基因表达的比较 ,找出差异条带 ,利用ReverseNorthernDotBlot、DNA序列分析和NorthernBlot,并结合mRNA原位杂交技术对被筛片段进行鉴定。结果 :①在实验中分离、鉴定了 74条差异片段 ,其中包括正常组织表达而癌组织中不表达的差异片段 5 4个 ,癌组织中表达而正常组织不表达的差异片段 2 0个。②其中 1个片段C5 7(337bp)在GenBank数据库中没有发现同源的已知基因或片段 ,推测其可能为食管癌相关基因。③经NorthernBlot检测C5 7在癌组织中有表达信号。④原位杂交技术检测C5 7在癌组织中具有较高的阳性表达率 (74% )。结论 :食管癌组织中C5 7可能是新的食管癌相关的候选癌基因 ,它与食管癌的发生发展可能有关     

创伤性脊髓损伤患者血清和尿液的代谢组学分析

背景:创伤性脊髓损伤在临床上主要依赖于量表评估与影像学检查,但对于损伤程度的预后评估具有一定局限性,利用代谢组学技术进行生物标志物筛选,对于估计病变范围、损伤与恢复程度以及开发新疗法具有重要意义。目的:使用代谢组学技术来表征创伤性脊髓损伤患者的代谢特征,探寻潜在的生物标志物及失调的代谢途径。方法:收集20例创伤性脊髓损伤患者(观察组)和10例健康受试者(对照组)的血清和尿液样本,进行代谢物分析,然后利用多元变量统计分析进行数据处理,筛选差异代谢物。通过MetaboAnalyst软件进行代谢通路富集,应用logistic回归构建生物标志物组合模型,并分析其与美国脊髓损伤协会(ASIA)分级的关系。结果与结论:两组受试者的血清和尿液中分别检测出160种和73种具有显著差异的代谢物。通路富集分析显示,创伤性脊髓损伤后脂质代谢出现明显的紊乱,包括鞘脂类、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸代谢以及糖基磷脂酰肌醇生物合成。识别出他索沙坦和葫芦素糖苷这组生物标志物,并且二者构成的代谢物组合在血清和尿液中的水平与ASIA分级存在相关性。由此可见,代谢组学技术为进一步理解创伤性脊髓损伤病理机制、筛选治疗靶点提供帮助。识别出的代谢生物标志物组合可能为评估创伤性脊髓损伤的严重程度提供参考。     

Stabilization of positive coupled differential‐difference equations with unbounded time‐varying delays

This paper researches the static output‐feedback stabilization of single‐input single‐output (SISO) positive coupled differential‐difference equations (CDDEs) with unbounded time‐varying delays. First, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided for the positivity and asymptotical stability of CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays. For this type of system, based on the constructed estimates of its solution, a necessary and sufficient condition on asymptotical stability is provided. Then, based on this criterion, for CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays, a kind of static output‐feedback controller is designed to ensure the positivity and asymptotical stability of the corresponding closed‐loop systems. It is also worth pointing out that the controller is designed by the linear programming method without parameterization technique. This design approach can also be applied to the static state feedback stabilization problem of CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays. Finally, two illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of our results.     

非靶向代谢组学揭示天葵不同部位差异代谢物及其主要代谢途径

目的:利用非靶向代谢组学挖掘天葵非药用部位潜在的药用价值。方法:以天葵茎、叶、花为材料,利用超高效液相色谱-质谱法对其进行非靶向代谢组学分析。结果:天葵茎、叶、花中共鉴定出16大类101个差异代谢物(DAMs),其中包含羧酸及其衍生物、有机含氧化合物、脂质、苯及其取代衍生物、生物碱、黄酮类、萜类、苯丙素类、酚酸类、核苷酸、有机盐、内酯、有机酸、内源性植物激素、氨基酸和13个其他物质。通过聚类和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析发现,天葵不同部位的DAMs代谢模式存在一定的差异;其主要代谢途径为苯丙氨酸代谢途径、ABC转运途径、氨酰-tRNA合成途径及苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成途径。结论:通过天葵不同部位间DAMs的鉴定及其生物合成途径的分析,确定天葵茎、叶、花富含多种具有药用功效的代谢活性物质,可为天葵茎、叶、花的资源开发利用提供参考。     

The peril and promise of sensitivity in eating disorders

Differential susceptibility, a reconceptualization of the diathesis-stress model of psychopathology, describes gene–environment interactions that reflect individual differences in responsiveness to environmental influences, both detrimental and beneficial. This model has been described metaphorically by the classification of orchids, which thrive under optimal care but wither under adverse conditions, and dandelions, which weather broad environmental circumstances but are less responsive to careful cultivation. Etiological research in the field of eating disorders has largely focused on the identification of specific behavioral phenotypes, temperamental traits, genotypes and neurobiological processes that confer risk. In this article, we propose that these putative vulnerability factors represent phenotypes and endophenotypes of a genetic predisposition towards environmental sensitivity. We assert that this sensitivity not only transmits eating disorder risk but also confers resilience, depending on the circumstances. In particular, we propose that differential susceptibility can be used as a framework to organize disparate temperamental and neurobiological findings and their complex interplay with various developmental, environmental and sociocultural influences to increase eating disorder risk and treatment responsiveness. Finally, we assert that viewed through the lens of differential susceptibility, sensitivity can be leveraged to refine our interventions and develop novel treatment and prevention strategies to support favorable outcomes for individuals with eating disorders.     

喉癌中EGFR基因扩增、表达及临床意义

目的研究喉癌中表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因的扩增、表达,探讨其在喉癌发生、发展中的作用及临床意义。方法采用差异PCR(differential PCR)方法检测40例喉鳞状细胞癌及配对癌旁正常组织中EGFR基因的扩增(即基因拷贝数增加);应用RT-PCR方法检测EGFR mRNA水平;应用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果喉癌组织中有13例(占32.5%)EGFR基因拷贝数增加,癌旁对照组中则未检测到(χ2=15.537,P<0.005);喉癌组织中EGFR mRNA平均积分光密度为872.356±62.340,癌旁对照组为346.425±57.380(t=5.959,P<0.001);喉癌组织分化程度越低,病理分期越晚,EGFR基因扩增和mRNA表达水平越高(P<0.05)。结论喉癌中EGFR基因在DNA水平上的扩增是EGFR mRNA过表达的原因之一,EGFR的扩增和过表达在喉癌的发生、进展中发挥一定作用。     

"Fatigue on rest" and associated symptoms (headache, vertigo, blurred vision, nausea, tension and irritability) due to locally asymptomatic, unerupted, impacted teeth.

"Fatigue on Rest", headache, vertigo and the feeling of loss of balance, blurred vision, nausea, tension and irritability, were found to be prevalent amongst patients who had locally asymptomatic, unerupted impacted teeth. A comparative pressure sign was developed, which, when positive, confirmed the relationship between the impacted teeth and the medical symptoms. Removal of the impactions resulted in the alleviation of the symptoms. Stress and psychogenic factors are considered as trigger mechanisms, rather than as basic causes of the symptoms.     

桥粒斑蛋白II在肿瘤组织中的表达

桥粒斑蛋白ＩＩ（ＤＰＩＩ）是一种新的上皮和上皮性肿瘤标记物。我们应用针对石蜡切片的抗ＤＰＩＩ单抗和抗细胞角蛋白（ＣＫ）单抗对２ｌ７例肿瘤作了免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法染色的研究，结果：在１６３例上皮性肿瘤和双向分化的肿瘤中，１４７例表达ＤＰＩＩ，占９０．７％，９２例表达ＣＫ，占５６．４％。ＣＫ阳性染色全部位于细胞浆内，ＤＰＩＩ阳性染色则同时分布在细胞交界面上和细胞浆中。其他５４例不含桥粒的肿瘤均无ＤＰＩＩ和ＣＫ表达。结果表明，ＤＰＩＩ单抗是有用的含桥粒肿瘤的免疫组化探针。因ＤＰＩＩ不存在于一切含桥粒肿瘤，故在鉴别上皮性肿瘤时，ＤＰＩＩ单抗尚需与其他上皮标记物的抗体合并使用。     

腹腔镜和肝活检对Dubin-Johnson综合征诊断的价值

目的 :探讨 (Dubin Johnsonsyndrome ,DJS)的诊断和鉴别方法。 方法 :对北京医科大学第三医院 196 0～1998年确诊的 10例DJS进行回顾性分析及文献复习。结果 :DJS以慢性持续或间歇性黄疸为主要特征 ,血清胆红素一般轻度升高且以结合胆红素为主 ,ALT及AST正常 ;但并发病毒性肝炎或其它肝病时可升高。口服胆囊造影不显影 ;BSP试验呈典型双峰曲线 ,该方法已被淘汰。腹腔镜下肝脏呈特征性“黑肝”改变 ;肝活检细胞内有棕色或棕黄色色素颗粒沉着。结论 :腹腔镜检查和 /或肝活检是DJS诊断和鉴别诊断的重要方法。     

鼻腔、咽部非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤

目的 :探讨鼻腔、咽部非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤 ( NHL)的临床特征、诊断要点及误诊原因。方法 :对1 986年～ 1 996年住院的 2 4例鼻腔、咽部非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤的患者作一回顾性分析。结果 :2 4例临床表现差异较大 ,缺乏特征性的表现。首次诊断 NHL6例 ,其余 1 8例初诊时诊断 :慢性鼻炎 8例 ,恶性肉芽肿3例 ,鼻息肉 2例 ,鼻中隔粘膜肥厚 2例 ,扁桃体炎 2例 ,慢性咽炎 1例。 2 4例均经病理切片及免疫组化确诊。结论 :鼻腔、咽部非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤临床表现复杂 ,缺乏特征性 ,早期易误诊。提高临床医师对本病的认识 ,反复活检及免疫组化等方法有利于本病的确诊。