Infections in primary total ankle replacement: Anterior approach versus lateral transfibular approach

Background

Total ankle replacement (TAR) represents an alternative to fusion for the treatment of end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively assess the frequency of infections between TARs with anterior and lateral transfibular approach at 12-months follow-up.

Mildly decreased preoperative bilirubin levels are associated with infections after shoulder and knee arthroplasty

Increasing numbers of arthroplasties are also accompanied by postoperative infections. The main purpose was to evaluate preoperative serum bilirubin levels between patients with and without infections after shoulder and knee arthroplasties. For this retrospective case-control single-center study, a total of 108 patients were extracted from a prospectively collected database. Eighteen patients with infections after shoulder (n = 8) and knee (n = 10) arthroplasty were matched by age, gender, and implant type in a 1:5-scenario to 90 patients (40 shoulders and 50 knees) without postoperative infection. Demographic data, preoperative blood parameters, and postoperative infection-related outcomes were evaluated. Total bilirubin was the only preoperative parameter significantly different between the infection (8.21 ± 3.25 μmol/L or 0.48 ± 0.19 mg/dL) and noninfection (10.78 ± 4.62 μmol/L or 0.63 ± 0.27 mg/dL; P = .014) group, while C-reactive protein and other liver parameters were similar between the groups. Significantly more controls (92.1%) had preoperative bilirubin levels above 8.72 μmol/L or 0.51 mg/dL than cases (7.9%; P = .007). The 5-year infection survival-rate was 65.6% for patients with preoperative bilirubin levels < 8.72 μmol/L or < 0.51 mg/dL and 91.2% with ≥ 8.72 μmol/L or ≥ 0.51 mg/dL. Mildly decreased preoperative bilirubin levels with a cutoff at 8.72 μmol/L or 0.51 mg/dL were significantly associated to patients with infections after shoulder and knee arthroplasty. There were no differences in other blood parameters or comorbidities between patients with infections and their matched-controls.     

关节镜联合关节牵张成形术治疗踝关节创伤性关节炎

目的对比分析单纯关节镜手术与关节镜手术联合Ilizarov外固定架关节牵张术治疗踝关节创伤性关节炎的临床疗效。 方法纳入2016年10月至2018年4月聊城市中医医院收治的早中期踝关节创伤性关节炎患者30例，排除非创伤性关节炎和终末期踝关节炎。其中接受单纯踝关节镜手术者纳入对照组(n＝15)，接受关节镜手术联合Ilizarov外固定架关节牵张成形术者纳入研究组(n＝15)，术后随访6个月，对比分析两组患者的治疗效果：疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、踝关节功能评分(Kofoed评分)以及生活质量的变化。计数资料比较采用卡方或Fisher精确检验，计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验。 结果研究组治疗有效率大于对照组(χ²＝7.214，P<0.05)，术后疼痛视觉模拟评分明显低于对照组(t ＝10.342，P<0.05)，Kofoed评分高于对照组(t ＝10.452，P<0.05)；研究组生活质量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论关节镜手术联合关节牵张成形术对早中期踝关节创伤性关节炎较单纯关节镜手术短期效果更好，可成为临床治疗中的一种选择，但远期效果尚需进一步研究。     

No Correlation Between Clinical Outcomes and Changes in the Tibia-Metaphyseal Angle Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study

BackgroundDespite numerous advances in the implant design and surgical technique, improvement in patient satisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has plateaued. Various TKA alignment strategies have been introduced that impact the coronal positioning of the tibial component relative to the native joint line. This study aims to analyze if postoperative variance of the joint line from preoperative native alignment is correlated with changes in patient-reported outcomes following primary TKA.MethodsA retrospective review of an academic center’s patient population identified all primary TKAs between 2013 and 2021 with full-length, standing radiographs and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) data. These measures included the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System, and Veterans RAND 12 scores. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic measurements for hip-knee angle, tibia-metaphyseal angle, tibial-axis orientation angle, and joint-line obliquity angle were recorded. Three-month, 1-year, and 2-year PROM scores were correlated with the change in degrees for each of the angles using a Spearman’s correlation. A Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare angular changes with a change in PROM scores.ResultsOne hundred and ninety nine patients (204 knees) with a mean age of 67 years were included. Average follow-up was 23 months. Three-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up rates were 93%, 64%, and 34%, respectively. Improvements were seen across all PROMs regardless of an angular change.ConclusionThere were no clear correlations between PROMs and variation in joint line obliquity in the coronal plane. These data suggest that the magnitude of the variation in coronal tibial alignment from native alignment does not impact PROMs. Further study is indicated to correlate an angular change with functional measures.     

系统康复治疗对年轻肩关节脱位患者肩关节稳定性的作用

目的对年轻患者肩关节脱位进行系统的康复治疗,以检验系统康复疗法疗效优于单纯固定的假设。方法根据所采用的治疗方法,将43例40岁以下的急性肩关节脱位患者分成实验组23例,对照组20例。实验组患者进行包括关节活动范围锻炼、发展肩胛骨周围肌的肌力训练、发展肩袖肌的肌力、适度的外展、外旋锻炼及耐力训练在内的系统康复治疗。对照组只进行单纯固定后未经系统康复治疗。对两组患者的临床效果进行比较。结果实验组复发率为17%(4/23),对照组复发率为45%(9/20),两组复发率比较差异有显著性意义(χ2=3.866,P<0.05);随访结果显示肩关节ASES评分实验组为90.9±4.87,对照组为75.4±4.94,两组差异有非常显著性意义(t=9.94,P=2.99×10-12<0.01)。结论肩关节脱位年轻患者进行系统的康复锻炼,可以提高患肩的稳定性。     

大鼠骶髂关节传入神经通路的实验研究

目的:通过逆行神经追踪法研究大鼠骶髂关节的传入神经通路。方法:30只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分成非交感神经切除组(A组)和交感神经切除组(B组),每组15只,交感神经切除组切除左侧L1以下椎旁交感干。两组左侧骶髂关节注入30%的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)20μl,72h后取出双侧的L1-S1背根神经节(DRG),TMB法染色后在光学显微镜下观察HRP阳性神经元细胞并计数。结果:两组左侧L1、L2背根神经节内HRP阳性神经元差异有显著性意义(P<0·05),B组HRP阳性神经元明显减少;左侧L3-S1背根神经节内HRP阳性神经元差异无显著性意义(P>0·05)。结论:L1-S1神经节含有支配同侧骶髂关节的传入神经元,同侧椎旁交感干可能是骶髂关节到L1-L2神经节重要的传入神经旁路,而不是到L3-L5神经节的传入旁路或重要的传入旁路。     

膝关节运动过程的应力数值模拟

目的观察膝关节关节面在整个运动过程中的应力、应变分布范围、大小及变化规律。方法利用有限元数值模拟方法对行走过程中膝关节关节面应力、应变情况进行分析。结果与结论行走过程中关节面产生应力、应变随时间推移而增加，并且变化规律近似的服从抛物线变化。通过对不同体重的人在行走时膝关节面上产生的应力分析得出，体重对关节面上的应力的大小并不产生重大影响，体重带来的应力差异仅占总应力的10％。     

肩锁钩钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ～V型肩锁关节脱位

目的总结肩锁钩钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效。方法2001年3月-2003年12月,对12例肩锁关节脱位患者采用切开复位肩锁钩钢板内固定治疗,其中RockwoodⅢ型8例,Ⅳ型2例,Ⅴ型2例；脱位距就诊时间为2 h～5 d,平均2．5 d。结果术后10例获得3个月～2年随访,2例失访。术后肩锁关节位置恢复,肩关节外展上举活动范围达160°～170°,2例在举重物时肩锁关节有轻度的疼痛,1例肩关节外展80°时肩锁关节开始疼痛,患侧上肢肌力较健侧稍减弱。肩关节功能按Constant标准评定为86～96分,平均92分。结论肩锁钩钢板内固定可恢复肩锁关节的解剖位置和微动特性,是治疗重度肩锁关节脱位的良好术式。