全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4404篇 |
免费 | 503篇 |
国内免费 | 109篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 40篇 |
儿科学 | 183篇 |
妇产科学 | 42篇 |
基础医学 | 611篇 |
口腔科学 | 54篇 |
临床医学 | 384篇 |
内科学 | 964篇 |
皮肤病学 | 209篇 |
神经病学 | 389篇 |
特种医学 | 130篇 |
外科学 | 282篇 |
综合类 | 481篇 |
预防医学 | 226篇 |
眼科学 | 113篇 |
药学 | 596篇 |
中国医学 | 146篇 |
肿瘤学 | 166篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 57篇 |
2022年 | 80篇 |
2021年 | 148篇 |
2020年 | 124篇 |
2019年 | 154篇 |
2018年 | 191篇 |
2017年 | 173篇 |
2016年 | 173篇 |
2015年 | 143篇 |
2014年 | 256篇 |
2013年 | 343篇 |
2012年 | 200篇 |
2011年 | 232篇 |
2010年 | 177篇 |
2009年 | 160篇 |
2008年 | 190篇 |
2007年 | 196篇 |
2006年 | 197篇 |
2005年 | 153篇 |
2004年 | 154篇 |
2003年 | 162篇 |
2002年 | 175篇 |
2001年 | 145篇 |
2000年 | 162篇 |
1999年 | 131篇 |
1998年 | 98篇 |
1997年 | 126篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 35篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 34篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 28篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 21篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 25篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有5016条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
目的 :探讨白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )对垂体瘤细胞系RC 4B/C细胞ACTH分泌的调控作用及其影响因素 .方法 :以放射免疫方法测定培养的垂体瘤细胞系RC 4B/C细胞的培养液中的ACTH浓度 .结果 :IL 2 (1× 10 4~ 5× 10 5U·L-1)促进RC 4B/C细胞分泌ACTH ;蛋白激酶A的抑制剂H 9(1μmol·L-1)和酪氨酸蛋白激酶的抑制剂tyrphostin2 3 (1μmol·L-1)均可显著性抑制IL 2的促ACTH分泌作用 .结论 :IL 2可促进RC 4B/C细胞分泌ACTH ,该作用与蛋白激酶A和酪氨酸蛋白激酶信号转导途径紧密相关 相似文献
12.
C. J. Corrigan R. J. Shiner† B. H. Shakur† P. W. Ind† 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2005,35(5):579-584
BACKGROUND: Concomitant methotrexate (MTX) therapy of oral corticosteroid (CS)-dependent asthmatics has been shown to spare CS therapy, but the mechanism is unknown. In a previous report, we showed that MTX increases T cell inhibition by CS. In this report we focus on effects of MTX on immunoglobulin concentrations and their possible clinical relevance. OBJECTIVE: To monitor changes in circulating leucocytes and Ig in a group of these patients during MTX therapy, and to relate these changes to clinical 'response' as defined by oral CS reduction. METHODS: Sixteen severe asthmatics dependent on oral prednisolone 15 (7.5-25) mg/day in addition to high dose inhaled CS were treated with MTX 15 mg intramuscularly, weekly for 28 weeks. Prednisolone dosages were maintained constant for 12 weeks then reduced systematically over the next 16 weeks provided that asthma control did not deteriorate. Patients were classified a priori as 'responders' or 'non-responders' to MTX (reduction of initial oral prednisolone requirement by >or=50% or <50%, respectively). Patients were followed-up for a further 12 weeks after MTX withdrawal. Serum Ig and differential blood leucocyte counts were measured at baseline, 12, 28 and 40 weeks. RESULTS: MTX therapy allowed significant, but individually variable, reductions in oral prednisolone dosages (P<0.00001) without alteration of lung function or symptoms. This was associated with significant reductions in mean serum concentrations of Ig of all classes, which reversed following MTX withdrawal. Reductions in IgE and IgG were significantly greater in the MTX 'responders' as compared with 'non-responders', and changes in IgE, IgG and IgM correlated with changes in prednisolone requirements. Differential blood leucocyte counts showed no significant variation. CONCLUSION: MTX therapy reduced oral CS requirements in these severe asthmatics to a degree which correlated with reduced circulating Ig but not lymphopaenia, suggesting a possible cause and effect relationship. These reductions might also contribute to the documented incidence of opportunistic infection in these circumstances. 相似文献
13.
Ni Yan-xia 《中国结合医学杂志》1995,(1)
TherapeuticEffectofBerberineon60PatientswithNon-InsulinDependentDiabetesMellitusandExperimentalResearchNiYan-xia(倪艳霞);LiuAn-q... 相似文献
14.
Peter MA Calverley Romain A Pauwels Paul W Jones Julie A Anderson J?rgen Vestbo 《INT J CHRONIC OBSTR》2006,1(3):209-218
Guidelines recommend that patients with COPD are stratified arbitrarily by baseline severity (FEV1) to decide when to initiate combination treatment with a long-acting β2-agonist and an inhaled corticosteroid. Assessment of baseline FEV1 as a continuous variable may provide a more reliable prediction of treatment effects. Patients from a 1-year, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial comparing 50 μg salmeterol (Sal), 500 μg fluticasone propionate (FP), the combination (Sal/FP) and placebo, (bid), were categorized post hoc into FEV1 <50% and FEV1 ≥50% predicted subgroups (n=949/513 respectively). Treatment effects on clinical outcomes – lung function, exacerbations, health status, diary card symptoms, and adverse events – were investigated. Treatment responses based on a pre-specified analysis explored treatment differences by severity as a continuous variable. Lung function improved with active treatment irrespective of FEV1; Sal/FP had greatest effect. This improvement appeared additive in milder disease; synergistic in severe disease. Active therapy significantly reduced exacerbation rate in patients with FEV1 <50% predicted, not in milder disease. Health status and breathlessness improved with Sal/FP irrespective of baseline FEV1; adverse events were similar across subgroups. The spirometric response to Sal/FP varied with baseline FEV1, and clinical benefits were not restricted to patients with severe disease. These data have implications for COPD management decisions, suggesting that arbitrary stratifications of baseline severity are not necessarily indicative of treatment efficacy and that the benefits of assessing baseline severity as a continuous variable should be assessed in future trials. 相似文献
15.
The effectiveness of intranasal corticosteroids in combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma often coexist and may represent two manifestations of the same disease recently named combined AR and asthma syndrome (CARAS). Aim To review the common pathophysiology of combined AR and asthma and to investigate the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids (INCS). Methods Medline was used to identify articles relevant to mechanisms. A Cochrane systematic review was performed to assess the efficacy of INCS in CARAS. Results There is cross‐talk, evidence of a common inflammatory response in both sites, linked by a systemic component. The efficacy of anti‐inflammatory INCS on asthma outcomes was assessed in a systematic review of 12 randomized controlled trials involving 425 subjects. After INCS there were non‐significant trends for improvement in asthma symptom score (standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.61; P=0.07), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (SMD of 0.31; P=0.08), and morning peak expiratory flow (weighted mean difference of 36.51; P=0.06). There was no impact on methacholine airways responsiveness (SMD of ?0.20; P=0.4). The review identified two promising new treatment options in united airway disease such as INCS as monotherapy in rhinitis and mild asthma, and a combined intranasal and intrabronchial corticosteroid (IBCS) deposition technique. Conclusion Common mucosal inflammatory responses occur in CARAS. This systematic review shows trends for a benefit of INCS in CARAS, but recognizes that more research is needed. At this stage, the current best practice is to treat asthma conventionally with IBCS with or without β2‐agonist and to add INCS to improve specific rhinitis symptoms. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Interleukin-5 has a specific role in various eosinophilic activities. It is the predominant cytokine produces by activated T-lymphocytes isolated from patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. We studied a young patient suffering from idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome who presented with Horner's syndrome, peripheral neuropathy and skin ulcers. The IL-5 gene expression by CD4+ T-lymphocytes and the peripheral eosinophil count were raised. The skin ulcers continued to deteriorate despite a swift reduction of the IL-5 gene expression and peripheral eosinophil count following systemic corticosteroid treatment. We suggest that peripheral eosinophilia may not be responsible for the damage in skin lesions and more aggressive treatment may be required. 相似文献
19.
Mohammad Nasri-Sebdani Flavien Traoré Christian Cognard Daniel Potreau Jean -Pierre Poindessault Guy Raymond 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1990,416(1-2):106-112
The effects of tetracaine (10–50 M) and ryanodine (0.1–10 M) were tested on the slow outward K+ current (I
so) and the mechanical tension of isolated frog muscle fibres in a voltage-clamp device (double mannitol-gap) connected to a mechanoelectric transducer. In the concentration range tested, both drugs induced a simultaneous inhibition of tension and current. In all cases the effect on tension was twice that on current. The tetracaine-induced current and tension blocks were fully reversible and dose-dependent. In contrast the ryanodine effects on current and tension were not reversible and did not exhibit a dose dependence except for the delay before the onset of the response, which was shortened when the concentration was raised. Linear regression analysis of the time-dependent and dose-dependent effects of both drugs indicated a strong correlation between the decreases in tension and current. It is concluded that the slow outward current is partly under the control of the Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum during contraction. 相似文献
20.
K. Nagamani Manisha Rani Vishnuvardhan Reddy Panduranga Rao Sushma Rajyalakshmi Sunitha Pakalapaty 《Indian journal of medical microbiology》2022,40(1):12-17
PurposeNoroviruses are common viral agents in acute diarrhea in all age groups worldwide. Norovirus has been classified into 10 genogroups, GI to GX with over 48 genotypes among them the GII.4 genotype has evolved over time with a clear pattern of periodic variant replacement. Immunity is strain or genotype specific with little or no protection conferred across genogroups. The present study was aimed to determine the epidemiology, prevalent genotypes of norovirus in children below five years of age in the Hyderabad region, India.MethodsThe stool samples and clinical data were collected from 458 children below 5 years of age comprising of cases with acute gastroenteritis (n ?= ?366) and a control group (n ?= ?92) admitted to the pediatric ward. All the samples were tested for Norovirus by ELISA and RT-PCR. Sequencing was done for predominant strains.Results10.3% (n ?= ?38) of cases and 3.2% (n ?= ?3) of the control group were found to be Norovirus positive. Predominant genotypes were GII-82.5% followed by GI-12.5%.ConclusionSequencing and Phylogenetic analyses of 20 GII.4 strains was done. All of the isolates are clustered away from published the GII.4 variants thus suggesting the appearance of a new variant. 相似文献