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21.
Asma Dilawari Christopher Gallagher Princess Alintah Ami Chitalia Shruti Tiwari Richard Paxman Lucile Adams-Campbell Chiranjeev Dash 《The oncologist》2021,26(4):292-e548
Lessons Learned
- Despite U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval to reduce alopecia, data on efficacy of scalp cooling in Black patients with cancer are limited by lack of minority representation in prior clinical trials.
- Scalp cooling devices may have less efficacy in Black patients; additional studies are required to explore the possible causes for this, including hair texture and cap design.
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Masahiro Fukuyama Misaki Kinoshita-Ise Yohei Sato Manabu Ohyama 《The Journal of dermatology》2020,47(6):583-591
The term “acute diffuse and total alopecia” (ADTA) has been often used as a synonym for self-regressing severe alopecia areata (AA). However, ADTA is originally defined as a rapidly-progressive subtype of AA (RP-AA) with short recovery time and favorable prognosis irrespective of interventions. Indeed, a subpopulation of ADTA recovers spontaneously. We focused on this unique subset of AA, which we coined as “self-healing ADTA” (sADTA). Prompt and accurate differentiation of sADTA from other RP-AA is important to avoid unnecessary treatments, which is still challenging due to the lack of predictive diagnostic hallmarks. In this study, 18 sADTA patients were retrospectively analyzed to delineate their demographics and clinical features, including gentle hair pull test and trichoscopic findings, followed by statistical comparison with those of RP-AA. All sADTA cases were female and the average age was 38.1 ± 15.9 years. The progression of hair loss areas peaked at 3.6 ± 1.5 months, and complete hair regrowth was achieved in 7.9 ± 1.7 months. The identified factors supporting the diagnosis of sADTA included being female; the absence of scalp pain and itch; the absence of extra-scalp hair loss; club hair predominance in hair pull test; predominant short vellus hairs; and increase in vacant follicular ostia on trichoscopy. Subsequently, a scoring system for early diagnosis of sADTA was developed by counting the number of six identified factors present in a tested case. When analyzed by the developed system, all sADTA cases, including an additional four cases, had scores of 4 or above, while all RP-AA cases had scores below 3 except one case. Therefore, the system successfully differentiated sADTA from RP-AA (P < 0.01). Despite some technical limitations, the current study suggested that sADTA is a distinctive entity with unique pathophysiology and that early diagnosis before intervention is feasible based on the characteristics. 相似文献
27.
Gamze Erfan Yakup Albayrak M. Emin Yanik Ozden Oksuz Kaan Tasolar Birol Topcu Cuneyt Unsal 《The Journal of dermatology》2014,41(8):709-715
Alopecia areata (AA) and vitiligo (V) are diseases that are correlated with psychiatric disorders before, during and after diagnosis. The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is a well‐established approach for investigating personality traits in various psychosomatic diseases. The aim of this study is to compare and investigate the differences in the TCI between patients with first onset AA, patients with V and healthy controls (HC). Participants in the study included 42 patients with first onset AA, 50 adult patients with V and 60 HC who had no history or diagnoses of psychiatric or dermatological disorders. All participants were assessed with the TCI and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Among the temperament traits, the extravagance, disorderliness and total novelty‐seeking scores were lower, and the worry and pessimism scores were higher in patients with V compared with patients with AA and the HC. The mean score of the enlightened second nature and the total self‐directedness score of the character traits were higher in patients with V compared with patients with AA and the HC group. In the AA group, there was a negative correlation only between the reward dependence total score and the DLQI score. This study suggests that patients with first onset V have a distinct temperament, such as being unenthusiastic and unemotional, and character profiles, such as worry and pessimism, independent of their psychiatric comorbidities, and patients with AA do not have a different personality from the non‐affected population. 相似文献
28.
Syed Fazal Hussein Shah BA 《Pediatric dermatology》2020,37(5):996-999
Toy manufacturer Mattel released a new line of diverse Barbie dolls earlier this year, including dolls with alopecia and vitiligo. The new dolls have been widely celebrated, with both media and dermatologists proposing that the dolls could provide significant benefits for the low self-esteem and societal exclusion suffered by children with similar dermatoses. However, the reality may be very different. Here, we present existing research on the impact of diverse dolls on children’s play and psychology to argue that the dolls’ proposed benefits for children with alopecia and vitiligo are unlikely to materialize; rather, alopecia and vitiligo Barbie could prove more harmful than beneficial. 相似文献
29.
目的分析我院2014-2018年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化,探讨降低剖宫产率的策略和措施。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年12月于我院行剖宫产分娩的42385例产妇的临床资料,分析其剖宫产率及主要剖宫产指征。结果2016年的剖宫产率均低于2014年、2015年、2017年、2018年,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。瘢痕子宫在二胎政策开放后所占比例明显增加;羊水过少及相对头盆不称所占比例呈现逐年下降的趋势。2014-2018年,母体因素所占比例均最高,胎儿因素及头盆因素所占比例逐年下降。另外,社会因素在二胎生育政策开放后仍呈上升趋势。结论2016年剖宫产率明显下降,瘢痕子宫在二胎政策开放后所占比例明显增加。临床需提高剖宫产术后再次妊娠阴道试产的比例、提高助产技术水平、发挥营养门诊及助产士门诊的作用、提高产科医生对胎心监护的正确解读以降低剖宫产率。 相似文献
30.
雄激素性脱发外用药物包括血管扩张药物、抗雄激素药物、前列腺素F2α类似物、Wnt/β-连环蛋白途径活化剂及腺苷、褪黑素、Gly-Pro-Ile-Gly-Ser五肽,本文对以上药物的疗效进行综述。 相似文献