Toluene vapor exposure and urinary excretion of hippuric acid among workers in China.

A factory survey was conducted in three provinces in China from 1985 to 1989. The time-weighted average toluene concentrations in breathing zone air were monitored by diffusive sampling, whereas hippuric acid (HA) concentrations in shift-end urine samples were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Exposed workers (456 men and women) were those for whom toluene (up to 548 ppm toluene) accounted for greater than or equal to 90% of total exposure (by vapor concentration in ppm), whereas 517 nonexposed controls were recruited from the same factories or from factories of the same region. There was a linear correlation between the intensity of toluene exposure and HA concentration in the shift-end urine. Comparison of the results with findings in the literature shows that the toluene-induced increase in urinary HA concentration among workers in China is significantly smaller than the published values, whereas HA concentrations in urine samples from nonexposed controls are comparable to the levels previously reported.     

冶金炼铁炉前工人职业性皮损调查研究

冶金炼铁炉前工人职业性皮损调查研究关虹，王溪鸿，杨玉萍（辽宁省本溪钢铁公司劳动卫生研究所，１１７０２１）作者对炼铁炉前工人＂熊猫眼＂样皮损病因及特异部位皮损进行研究，为改善劳动条件，防治职业性皮肤病提供一些依据。以某炼铁厂５号炉前工人为观察组，以炼钢...     

Consistent control of psoriasis by continuous long-term therapy: the promise of biological treatments

Psoriasis is a chronic, incurable disease that frequently requires long-term treatment. Although many patients benefit from effective traditional systemic therapies, namely methotrexate, cyclosporin, retinoids and fumaric acid esters, and some patients achieve long-term disease control, unrestricted long-term administration is not recommended due to the potential for cumulative toxicity. In order to diminish the risk of toxicity, physicians have adopted various treatment approaches (e.g. rotational, sequential, intermittent, and combination). However, these approaches may not provide continuous disease control or a stable treatment regimen. The recent advent of targeted biological therapeutics such as etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, alefacept and efalizumab may offer physicians and their patients treatment options with improved safety profiles that may permit continuous disease control.     

低温蒸汽甲醛气体灭菌效果观察

为观察低温蒸汽甲醛气体灭菌效果及其使用的可行性,采用每包内放置化学指示卡和生物指示剂,进行了实际灭菌效果检测。结果,灭菌程序记录曲线清晰,可清楚地记录灭菌日期、抽真空次数、进甲醛次数、灭菌维持时间、灭菌温度、压力、抽甲醛气体次数、空气脉冲次数和结束时间。所有包装袋外甲醛化学指示色块均由原来的橙色变为棕色;所有包内化学指示卡均由原来的深兰色变为合格的绿色。26锅次灭菌后生物指示剂全部无菌生长;对 36件灭菌后物品进行无菌检验均无细菌生长。结论,低温蒸汽甲醛灭菌效果可靠,操作简便,使用安全。     

生物制品GMP认证检查的几点体会

本文从生物制品的特点、生物制品对厂房设备的特殊要求、GMP验证和人员素质几个方面。阐述了对生物制品实施GMP认证检查的感想和体会。     

低分子量肝素化学及生物活性的不均一性

综述了低分子量肝素的化学和生物活性的不均一性,以及药理作用,药物动力学、临床应用等方面的差异。     

Measurement of biological activity of somatotropin in hypophysectomized rats

目的：建立测定生长激素（ＧＨ）在体生物活性的方法．方法：以去垂体大鼠体重增长（ＢＷＧ）和胫骨骺软骨板宽度（ＴＥＷ）为指标，观察动物性别、给药途径、次数和周期不同对效应的影响；同时进行４ｄＢＷＧ，６ｄＢＷＧ和６ｄＴＥＷ法，测定ＧＨ的效价（平行线３×３设计）．结果：♀和♂ｓｃ和ｉｍ给药以及每日给药１次和２次的ＢＷＧ和ＴＥＷ差异无显著意义．给药６ｄ比给药４ｄ引起较大的ＢＷＧ和ＴＥＷ（Ｐ＜００５）．４ｄＢＷＧ法和６ｄＢＷＧ法在００２０－０５００ＩＵ·ｄ－１有较好的λ值（００６６０和０１７４７）和ｒ值（０９０００和０９２３７）；４ｄＢＷＧ，６ｄＢＷＧ和６ｄＴＥＷ法测得ｒｈＧＨ的效价为４６１３２，３９８２９和４８０２３ＩＵ／ａｍｐ．６ｄＢＷＧ法有较小的λ值和较低的ＡＲＦＬ值．结论：可在同一组去垂体大鼠体内同时用４ｄＢＷＧ，６ｄＢＷＧ和６ｄＴＥＷ法测ＧＨ活性，以６ｄＢＷＧ法较好．     

氯丙醇对大鼠的毒性研究

进行氯丙醇对大鼠毒作用研究 ,并进行氯丙醇暴露对健康影响评价的生物效应标志物探讨 ,为进行人群氯丙醇暴露对健康的影响评价提供科学依据。选用健康雄性断乳SD大鼠 1 76只 ,随机分为 8组 ,经口灌胃给予 0、0 2 5、0 5、1 0、2 0、4 0、8 0、1 6 0mg kg的 3 氯 1 ,2 丙二醇 (3 MCDP) 90天 ,进行体重、食物利用率、血液学指标、血生化指标、尿液中N 乙酰 β D 氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAG)、γ 谷胺酰转肽酶 (GGT)和总蛋白、精子数目、精子存活率和畸形率、睾丸组织中乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)和乳酸脱氢酶同工酶 X(LDH X)、脏体比及其病理组织学测定和分析。结果表明 ,不同暴露剂量的氯丙醇对动物体重、食物利用率、血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞、血丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (AST)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT)、肌酐、尿素氮、血清碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、总蛋白、白蛋白、尿GGT酶和总蛋白及睾丸LDH酶均未见显著影响。在 4 0、8 0和 1 6 0mg kg剂量组 ,动物尿N 乙酰 β D 氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAG)活性显著增加 ,肾体比增大 ,并出现肾毒性病理改变 ,精子数目也降低。在 8 0和 1 6 0mg kg剂量组 ,精子存活率和睾丸LDH X显著降低 ,睾丸和附睾出现病理改变 ,3 MCDP无致精子畸变作用。由此可见尿液中NAG酶活性和精子     

革兰氏阴性杆菌发生过程控制的研究

本研究选择奇异变形杆菌和绿肿杆菌等作为实验体系，从群体发生发展过程的宏观表现上探讨了生物控制的时空表达及非线性问题。结果表明，杆菌发生过程的时相周期性可以表现为空间的波形靶图样，并具有分形的特征。实验结果表明，菌群在生长过程中的代谢产物是富含生物信息的控制中介机制。我们认为，生物系统局部存在着准平衡和准封闭的微生态环境，生物液晶的存在和相变是细菌群体发生过程的重要协同中介因素。