中药荆芥的单萜类化合物

目的：对传统中药荆芥Schizonepeta tenuifolia(Benth.)Briq。中的单萜类化学成分进行研究。方法：溶剂提取、柱层析分离纯化、光谱测定化学结构。结果：从中药荆芥的全草中分离得到2个新的和3个已知的单萜类化合物。结论：根据理化性质和光谱数据，新化合物的结构鉴定为3－羟基－4（8）－烯－对－薄荷烷－3（9）－内酯；1，2－二羟基－8（9）－烯－对－薄荷烷。     

基于V-ATPase a3转运蛋白探讨骨质疏松症的分子机制

目的存在于破骨细胞的皱褶缘上的V-ATPase a3转运蛋白在骨质疏松症的骨吸收中发挥着重要作用。V-ATPase a3转运蛋白将H+逆浓度梯度转运到密闭区,溶解无机矿物质,为水解酶如CAⅡ、CATK、MMPs等提供酸性环境,抑制V-ATPase a3转运蛋白已成为治疗骨质疏松症的新靶标;并深化对CAⅡ、CATK、MMPs等水解酶阻滞剂的认识,从而多渠道、多方位、多靶点地拓展骨质疏松症的治疗。     

Penetrating serosa in human T4aN0M0 gastric carcinoma correlates closely to patients’ worse prognosis after D2 gastrectomy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In both the 7th edition of the UICC staging system for gastric cancer and the 14th edition of the JGCA system, the definition of T4a is “Tumor perforates serosa (visceral peritoneum) without invasion of adjacent structures”. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic difference between T4aN0M0 patients with serosa-penetrating and without serosa-penetrating of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: A total of 221 patients with T4aN0M0 gastric carcinoma who underwent D2 resection at our Cancer Center between January 1990 and December 2008 were collected. The cohort included 42 patients with serosa-penetrating and 179 patients without serosa-penetrating. Average follow-up time was 85.5 months. Spearman’s rank correlation, Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate for the patients serosa-penetrating and the patients without serosa-penetrating were 31% and 62% respectively (p<0.05). The relapse rates of these two groups after D2 radical surgery were 16.2% and 59.5%, respectively (p<0.05). The peritoneal dissemination and distant organ/lymph node metastatic rates were 44.8% and 55.2% versus 76.0% and 24.0%, respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings provide a basis for the concept that serosa-penetrating in T4aN0M0 gastric carcinoma may be important in the acquisition of an aggressive phenotype, suggesting that serosa-penetrating, is an independent factor for poor prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma.     

人参皂苷Rb3对中国仓鼠肺细胞染色体畸变作用

目的研究人参皂苷Rb3对中国仓鼠肺细胞(CHL)染色体畸变作用。方法测定人参皂苷Rb3对CHL细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50),根据IC50设立不同剂量组,进行染色体畸变试验,分别观察人参皂苷Rb3接触CHL细胞6 h、24 h及加S9后6 h染色体的畸变情况,根据标准进行结果判定。结果染毒6 h、24 h及加S9后染毒6 h染色体畸变为阴性。结论人参皂苷Rb3不能引起CHL细胞染色体产生畸变作用。     

rhEPO对新型BPD模型肺组织BCL-2和Caspase-9表达的影响及意义

目的：探讨磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶 B(PI3K/AKT)通路在重组人促红细胞生成素( rhEPO)保护新型支气管肺发育不良( BPD)中的作用。方法40只定期受孕的SD大鼠,于孕第15天孕囊内注射脂多糖( LPS)或磷酸盐缓冲液( PBS ),新生大鼠分为4组：对照组、高氧组、rhEPO 组、rhEPO+LY294002组。采用Western blot法和RT-PCR法检测肺组织中BCL-2和Caspase-9蛋白及mRNA表达。结果高氧组、rhEPO+LY294002组新生大鼠肺组织BCL-2蛋白及mRNA表达减少, Caspase-9蛋白及 mRNA 表达明显增加;rhEPO组BCL-2蛋白及mRNA表达增加, Caspase-9蛋白及mRNA表达减少;于高氧暴露第1、7、14天各组间的差异均有统计学意义( P<0．05)。结论宫内炎性暴露联合生后高氧可导致肺细胞凋亡增加,rhEPO可能通过减少肺细胞凋亡,对新型 BPD 起一定的保护作用,其机制可能与 PI3K/AKT信号转导通路有关。     

脂氧素 A4预处理对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时Caspase －3、Bcl －2和 Bax 表达的影响

目的：观察脂氧素 A4预处理对链尿佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时 Caspase －3、Bcl －2和 Bax 表达的影响。方法雄性 SD 大鼠60只,随机分为 CS、CI／R、CLX、DS、DI／R、DLX 组共6组（n ＝10）。 CS、CI／R、CLX组采用腹腔注射链尿佐菌素55 mg／kg 制备糖尿病模型。 CI／R、DI／R组建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型,结扎冠脉左前降支30 min,CS 组和 DS 组仅穿线不结扎,CI／R组和 DI／R组缺血前5 min 经股静脉注射2 mL／kg 生理盐水,CLX组和 DLX组缺血前5 min 经股静脉注射脂氧素 A42.5μg／kg。再灌注4 h 时处死大鼠,取心肌组织,采用 HE 染色法光镜下观察缺血心肌组织形态学改变,通过 RT －PCR 和 Western blot 法检测缺血心肌 Caspase －3、Bcl －2和 Bax的表达水平,并计算 Bcl －2与 Bax 表达的比值（Bcl －2／Bax）。结果CLX组和 DLX组心肌组织病理学损伤较 CI／R组和 DI／R组减轻,Caspase －3和 Bax 的表达量减少,Bcl －2的表达量增加,Bcl －2／Bax 比值升高（P ＜0.05）。结论脂氧素 A4预处理能够下调糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时 Caspase －3和 Bax 的表达,上调 Bcl －2的表达,使 Bcl －2／Bax 比值升高。     

NaYF4和NaGdF4对稀土掺杂纳米粒子上转换发光性能的影响

目的：探索基质成分对上转换发光性能的影响。方法采用热解法合成NaYF4：Yb3＋,Er3＋和NaGdF4：Yb3＋, Er3＋;通过TEM、XRD和荧光光谱等方法表征样品的形貌、结构和发光性能;研究NaYF4和NaGdF4基质对稀土掺杂纳米粒子上转换发光性能的影响。结果 NaYF4作为基质材料时的上转换发光要优于NaGdF4。结论 NaYF4：Yb3＋,Er3＋纳米粒子能实现高效上转换发光,并可作为纳米荧光标记物应用于医学诊断。     

三维能量多普勒超声对绝经后阴道流血子宫内膜疾病的诊断价值

目的：探究三维能量超声(3D-CPA)对绝经后阴道流血子宫内膜疾病的诊断价值。方法选取2011年10—2014年10月来该院就诊的绝经期阴道流血的患者168例,根据病理结果分为良性组和恶性组,应用3D-CPA测量两组患者子宫内膜体积(V)、血流指数(FI)、血管指数(VI)以及血管-血流指数(VFI)等三维能量多普勒血流参数。结果恶性组子宫内膜容积、VI、FI、VFI等血流参数值均大于良性组,且两组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;同时,168例患者中,三维能量多普勒超声检查诊断中148例符合病理检查结果,符合率达88.1%。结论3D-CPA可以直观的重建绝经期子宫内膜病变容积,将病变的子宫内膜血管分布和密度进行血流参数能量化,以帮助鉴别绝经期子宫内膜病变的良恶性,应作为绝经期子宫内膜疾病的首选筛查手段。     

Impact of 1, 25-(OH)2D3 on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Objective To investigate the impact of 1, 25-(OH)2D3 on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods Type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM) model rats were established by intraperitoneally injecting with 30 mg/kg streptozotocin. After 8 weeks, 19 male rats were identified as diabetic with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by ultrasound examination, and randomly assigned into three groups:untreated (DM-LVH, n=7), treated with insulin (DM-LVH+INS, n=6), and treated with 1, 25-(OH)2D3 (DM-LVH+VD, n=6). Healthy male rats were used as the controls group (n=6). The fasting blood glucose and the insulin level were determined weekly. The left ventricular mass index, myocardial collagen content, collagen volume fraction, and 1, 25-(OH)2D3-receptor level were determined by 4 weeks later.
Results In the DM-LVH model group, the insulin level was significantly decreased compared with the non-diabetic control group (P<0.05), whereas the blood glucose, left ventricular mass index, myocardial collagen content, collagen volume fraction, and 1, 25-(OH)2D3-receptor expression were significantly increased (all P<0.05). In the DM-LVH+INS and DM-LVH+VD groups, the insulin levels were significantly increased compared with the DM-LVH model group (P<0.05), whereas the other parameters were significantly decreased (all P<0.05).
Conclusion 1, 25-(OH)2D3 could reverse LVH in diabetic rats and that the mechanism may involve stimulating insulin secretion and reducing blood glucose via direct up-regulation of 1, 25-(OH)2D3-receptor expression.     

多肽mPEG-SC20k-HM-3联合奥沙利铂对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

mPEG-SC_20k-HM-3是具有整合素亲和性的一种新型高效血管生成抑制多肽,为探索其与传统化疗药物联用的抗肿瘤活性,建立人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721裸鼠移植瘤模型,选用奥沙利铂为化疗药物,根据临床前抗肿瘤药效学方法评价联合用药的抑瘤作用,并用金氏公式判断两种药物的联合作用。结果显示,与单独用药相比,联合用药组的抑瘤效果更好,且均具有显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,奥沙利铂(7.5 mg/kg)联合mPEG-SC_20k-HM-3(73.4 mg/kg)的肿瘤抑制率为84.6%,抑制作用比单用奥沙利铂(7.5 mg/kg)和单用mPEG-SC_20k-HM-3(73.4 mg/kg)均有显著提高。根据金氏公式计算,其Q值为1.164(>1.15),可判定该组的用药组合表现出协同作用。结果表明,mPEG-SC_20k-HM-3与奥沙利铂单独给药均能抑制肿瘤生长,两者联用对肝细胞癌具有协同作用。