Short- and Long-Term Outcome after Emergent Cardiac Surgery during Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes of patients who required emergent conversion from transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to open surgery. Besides, the reasons and procedural settings of emergent cardiac surgery (ECS) were also reported.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who underwent TAVI in our institution between 2012 and 2019 and collected the clinical data of cases who converted from TAVI to bail-out surgery. Telephone and outpatient follow-ups were performed.Results: Of 516 TAVI patients, 20 required ECS, and the bail-out surgery occurred less frequently with the increase in TAVI volume. The most common reason for conversion was left ventricular perforation (7/20, 35.0%). Thirty-day mortality was 35.0% in ECS patients. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that the cumulative survival rate was 65.0% at 1 year, 50.1% at 5 years in all ECS patients, and 77.1% at 5 years in patients who survived over 30 days after conversion.Conclusion: Although the bail-out operation was performed immediately after TAVI abortion, ECS still associated with high 30-day mortality. The long-term survival benefit was seen in patients surviving from bail-out surgery. An experienced TAVI team is of crucial importance in avoiding ECS-related life-threatening complications and providing effective salvage surgery.     

二尖瓣-主动脉瓣置换术近期和远期效果的评价

目的 :评价单瓣与双瓣置换术的近期与远期效果。方法 :70例风湿性心脏病人采用国产上海碟瓣行机械瓣置换术 ,其中单纯行二尖瓣 (MV)置换术者 47例 ,二尖瓣加主动脉瓣 (AV)双瓣置换术者 2 3例。生存者 10 0 %随访 1～ 7年 (平均 4.76± 1.7年 )。结果 :院内死亡 4例 ,死亡率为 5 .71%。随访中死亡 2例 ,远期死亡率为 0 .63 %人·年。 7年生存率为 95 .69% ,10年生存率为 93 .89%。 94.0 0 %术后心功能均改善Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。结论 :房颤 (Af)并Ⅱ度房室传导阻滞的病人应暂缓手术 ;国产上海碟瓣有良好的血流动力学特性 ;只要处理恰当 ,双瓣手术的危险性不比单瓣手术的危险性高。     

永存第五对主动脉弓

目的：国内首例报道永存第五对主动脉弓。方法：导管经降主动脉逆行通过第5对动脉弓至升主动脉进行选择性升主动脉正侧位造影,增强磁共振血管造影,并经手术证实。结果：永存第5对主动脉弓显示清晰。结论：永存第5对主动脉弓是主动脉弓畸形的一种罕见类型,它为一起自升主动脉、位于主动脉弓下方且平行于主动脉弓的血管,为胚胎未退化所致,可分为四种类型。     

主动脉瘤25例的影像诊断

目的探讨螺旋CT(SCT)和MRI对主动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法25例主动脉瘤,13例行MRI检查,12例行SCT及三维重建技术检查。三维重建方法采用表面阴影显示法(SSD)、最大密度投影(MaxIP)及多层面重建法(MPVR)。结果13例主动脉夹层MRI和SCT均较好显示主动脉夹层内膜片和真假腔,SCT显示内膜破口5例,MRI无一例显示;SCT及三维重建较好地显示了主动脉夹层的内膜撕裂的范围、真性主动脉瘤(TAA)瘤壁的厚度及钙化、附壁血栓的情况及与邻近大血管分支的关系。结论SCT及三维重建技术的联合应用较低场MRI更能明确主动脉瘤的病变,对帮助和指导手术更具有价值。