3种不同镇痛方法对剖宫产患者术后的影响

目的：研究3种不同镇痛方法对剖宫产术后患者的影响。方法：195例患者术后随机分成A、B、C 3组;A组病人术后疼痛治疗肌肉注射哌替啶100 mg;B组患者术后经连续硬膜外导管注入0.25%罗比卡因5 ml,内含吗啡2 mg,氟哌利多1 mg,行单次硬膜外术后镇痛,同时拔除连续硬膜外导管;C组于术后前15 min经连续硬膜外导管注入0.25%罗比卡因5 ml＋吗啡2 mg＋氟哌利多1 mg,且保留硬膜外导管,接镇痛泵,行术后硬膜外自控镇痛（PCEA）。在术后6、12、244、8 h时间段观察3组镇痛效果（VAS评分）、肠蠕动恢复时间。结果：术后6、12、244、8 h,A组病人VAS评分明显高于B组和C组（P〈0.01）;术后244、8 h,B组VAS评分明显高于C组（P〈0.05）;C组肠蠕动恢复时间短于A组及B组（P〈0.01）。结论：术后硬膜外自控（PCEA）应用于妇产科剖宫产术后患者镇痛优于单次吗啡硬膜外镇痛,更适用于术前对疼痛比较敏感或对手术痛有顾虑者。     

In vitro interactions of a new derivative of spicamycin, KRN5500, and other anticancer drugs using a three-dimensional model

Purpose: KRN5500 is a new derivative of spicamycin produced by Streptomyces alanosinicus and is known to have a wide range of antitumor activities against human cancer cell lines. Because of its unique structure, this compound seems to have a different mode of action from other antitumor drugs and nonoverlapping toxicities. Therefore, KRN5500 is expected to be a suitable candidate for combination chemotherapy. Methods: We investigated the effects of combinations of KRN5500 and other anticancer drugs on the growth of a human non-small-cell lung cancer cell line, PC14, using a revised three-dimensional model. Results: Synergism was observed when KRN5500 and cisplatin were combined at concentrations in the ranges 0.005 to 0.25 μg/ml and 0.025 to 0.25 μg/ml, respectively. In combination with carboplatin, an analog of cisplatin, and etoposide, a marked synergistic interaction was also found. Conclusion: These results suggest the usefulness of combinations of KRN5500 with cisplatin, carboplatin or etoposide for chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Received: 27 April 1998 / Accepted: 15 September 1998     

氨基酸结构类似物的合成 1.S-乙基-D,L-高半胱氨酸与 S-氨乙基半胱氨酸的合成

本文介绍以蛋氨酸为原料合成 S-乙基-D,L-高半胱氨酸和以胱氨酸为原料合成S-氨乙基-L-半胱氨酸的简便方法。这二种氨基酸结构类似物可作为蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸以及异亮氨酸等菌种选育的代谢拮抗剂应用,以解除目的酸生物合成过程中关键酶的反馈抑制,从而达到提高这些氨基酸菌株的产酸率,增加氨基酸的产量。     

目前医院放疗科建设规划概述

本文对目前我国医院肿瘤放射治疗科的结构、筹建、规划、建设等方面进行简要论述,从设备配置到人员结构;从小型科室到建大型放疗中心规划;从设备型号到市场参考价格;从国产设备到国外名牌产品,均作了简要概述。     

大集群PACS的设计

目的：设计大集群PACS。方法：提出了大集群PACS的概念，并结合相应实例分析了系统特点的实施性利弊：讨论了并入影像信息的EPR在大集群PACS中的重要作用及其基本设计；提出了大集群PACS中医学影像分布式结构的设计，重点阐述了对临床部分、需要后处理应用的临床专科部分和IT支持部分的组成和要求。结果：大集群PACS可使国内临床信息系统的应用实现跨越式发展。结论：大集群PACS在国内具有很好的推广前景。     

Feasibility of a Kinect®-based rehabilitation strategy after burn injury

Introduction

The advent of consoles that deliver both interactive games and therapy may augment rehabilitation options in burn patients. The Jintronix software combines therapy-specific software and interactive gaming as a form of coaching and records patient performance on the Kinect^® platform. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of a set of Jintronix games and therapy modules in hospitalized adult burn patients.

Electromagnetic Interference of Analog Cellular Telephones with Pacemakers

The aim of this study was to verify whether there is a public health risk from the interference of analog cellular telephones with pacemakers. We used a human trunk simulator to reproduce an actual implant, and two cellular telephones working with the TACS (Total Access Communication System) standard. Results showed that the electromagnetic field radiated from the analog cellular telephones interfered with a large number of the pacemakers tested (10/25). When the telephone antenna was in close proximity to the pacemaker head, pacemaker desensitizing and sensitizing and pulse inhibition was detected at the moment of an incoming call and throughout ringing. In the worst case of pulse inhibition, the pacemaker skipped three nonconsecutive beats and then resumed its normal pacing, while the desensitizing and sensitizing phenomena persisted as long as the interfering signal was on. Pulse inhibition was also observed when the connection did not succeed. Maximum sensing threshold variation was about 186% (increase) and 62% (decrease) for desensitizing and sensitizing phenomena, respectively. It was also demonstrated that the signal emitted by analog cellular telephones during the crossing of contiguous cells could induce pacemaker pulse inhibition, but under our experimental conditions this event did not seem to pose a risk for the pacemaker patient.     

Magnesium–Aluminum Hydroxide Suspension for the Treatment of Dermal Capsaicin Exposures

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether magnesium-aluminum-hydroxide-simethicone suspension (MgAl) is an effective treatment for dermal capsaicin exposures. METHODS: The authors performed a double-blind, randomized, controlled, pilot study comparing the effect of MgAl with that of saline in the treatment of dermal capsaicin exposures. Ten volunteers were sprayed with a commercial defensive spray containing 10% capsaicin on the flexor surface of both forearms. A dressing embedded with MgAl (Maalox) suspension was randomly applied to one arm and a saline-embedded dressing was applied to the other arm. Pain was assessed on a 10-cm visual analog scale at 0, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. RESULTS: Mean pain scores were significantly lower in the MgAl group as compared with the saline (S) group at 10, 20, and 30 minutes. Differences in pain scores were not statistically significant at times 60, 90, and 120 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: During the initial 30 minutes of treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain scores with MgAl as compared with saline treatments. Although the difference in means may have questionable clinical significance, MgAl is cheap and readily available, and has minimal side effects. Thus, MgAl may be an appropriate treatment for dermal capsaicin exposure.     

Childbirth in Kuwait: The experiences of three groups of Arab mothers

The aims of the present study were to characterize the childbirth experiences of three groups of Arab mothers delivering in Kuwait and to evaluate the use of visual analog scales (VAS) for assessing their pain (N = 301). Kuwaiti, Palestinian, and Bedouin women who were expected to have an uncomplicated vaginal delivery were studied. 73% of the women described their maximum labor pain as “unbearably painful,” and more than one-half reported that they were “very frightened” or “terrified.” The deliveries of Bedouin mothers were remarkable for the absence of pain behaviors; yet their VAS reports indicated that they experienced no less pain. Painful menstruation and fear of childbirth emerged as risk factors for a painful labor. Among the issues discussed are the validity of the VAS data, the difficulties of managing Bedouin mothers' pain, and the importance of excluding physical factors before cultural differences in pain perception are assumed.