抗癌宝口服液治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤103例临床观察

目的：观察中药抗癌宝口服液治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤临床效果。方法：１０３例患者随机分为抗癌宝观察组与化疗对照组，对两组疗效作比较。结果：观察组患者免疫功能，近期有效率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ），生存质量，１、２、３年生存期及中位生存时间，癌胚抗原下降水平，明显高于对照组，且有显著性差异。结论：抗癌宝具有抑制肿瘤生长，延长生存时间，提高生存质量之效。     

世界中西医结合大会在京召开──交流中西医结合在理论、临床、教育及政策管理方面经验

世界中西医结合大会在京召开──交流中西医结合在理论、临床、教育及政策管理方面经验人民日报北京１０月２７日讯世界中西医结合大会今天在北京国际会议中心开幕。大会以“继承、发扬、结合、创新”为主题，交流重点是中西医结合在理论、临床、教育及政策管理等各方面的...     

Durable remission of locally advanced breast cancer with multimodality management

We treated 20 women with locally advanced breast cancer between January 1991 and September 1996, The treatment regimen included 4 cycles of intensive doxorubicin (30 mg/m2/ d on 3 consecutive days every 2 weeks with G-CSF support), followed by appropriate surgery, followed by high dose therapy with cyclophosphamide, carboplatin and thiotepa (STAMP V, CTCb). Of the 20 patients, seven presented with inflammatory breast cancer, three with Stage HIB, seven with stage IIIA, one with multifocal Stage IIB and two with Stage IV M1 (ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node involvement) (including one who had an inflammatory primary) disease. Six patients had not undergone mastectomy at the time of entering the protocol. These six received the doxorubicin in a neoadjuvant fashion and were thus evaluable for tumor response. The remaining 14 received doxorubicin as adjuvant therapy prior to intensification and transplantation. All patients underwent local-regional radiation therapy and were placed on oral tamoxifen. Doxorubicin was well tolerated in this schedule with ali but three patients receiving all their cycles on schedule. Both BM and PBPC were easily collected after this regimen and, when reinfused, resulted in the prompt recovery of granulocytes (median 11 days to 500 absolute granulocyte count) and platelets (median 13 days to 20000 platelets). The six patients who received doxorubicin prior to mastectomy all had major clinical responses, but were found to have microscopic focii of breast cancer in the mastectomy specimens. The overall treatment was well tolerated with the exception of one treatment-related death (5%). The overall and relapse free survival are 70% and 58% respectively with a median follow-up of 40 months (range 12–74 months). When the Stage IV patients are censored, the relapse-free survival rate is 69%. In the bone marrow transplant phase of treatment, the major non-hematologic toxicities were stomatitis (70%) and anorexia requiring parental nutrition (75%).     

Advanced glycosylation end products, protein kinase C and renal alterations in diabetic rats

Objective To study the relationship between advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) an d protein kinase C (PKC), and their effects on renal alteration in diabetic rats .
Methods Insulin or aminoguanidine was administered to diabetic rats. Blood glucose, hem oglobin A_1C (HbA_1C), glomerular tissue extracts AGE (GTE-AGE), PKC, glomerular basement membrane thickness (GBMT) and urine protein/creatinine ( Pr/Cr) ratio in diabetic rats were measured and analysed.
Results Levels of blood glucose, HbA_1C and AGE, PKC activity, the Pr/Cr ratio an d GBMT were all significantly increased (P values all less than 0.01) in di abetic rats. Insulin could decrease the formation of HbA_1C and AGE, and improve PKC activity. Aminoguanidine had no influence on PKC activity (P >0.05) although it decreased the formation of AGE. Both drugs could delay t he increase of urine Pr/Cr ratio and GBMT (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
Conclusions Chronic hyperglycemia may lead to an increase of PKC activity. HbA_1Cand AGE may not directly contribute to alterations of PKC activity, but the increa se of PKC activity could promote the action of AGE on GBM thickening. It is imp ortant t o inhibit the formation of AGE and reduce the PKC activity so as to prevent or d elay the development of diabetic nephropathy.     

Oxaliplatin as single agent in previously untreated colorectal carcinoma patients: A phase II multicentric study

Background: Oxaliplatin is a new cytotoxic agent from the diaminocyclohexane family with proven antitumor activity against colon cancer cell lines. Activity in patients with colorectal carcinoma previously treated with 5-fluorouracil has been studied in three single-agent phase II trials, showing a reproducible response rate of 10%. Here we report a phase II trial with oxaliplatin as a first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer.Patients and methods: Twenty-five patients were entered in the study. All of them had metastatic disease without previous chemotherapy, and at least one lesion had to be measurable by computed tomography (CT). Therapy consisted of a two-hour infusion of oxaliplatin at a dose of 130 mg/m² every 21 days.Results: The overall response rate determined by investigators was 20% (95% CI, 6.8%–40.7%). Eight patients (32%) had stable disease. The median time to disease progression in responders was six months (range four to nine). The median progression-free survival was four months and median overall survival 14.5 months (95% CI, 10–20 months). The main toxic effects were peripheral neuropathy (92%) and laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia (75%). No severe grade 3–4 neurotoxicities (NCI-CTC) were found. Gastrointestinal and hematological toxicities were mild.Conclusions: Oxaliplatin is an active agent in first-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer. It was well tolerated, caused no toxic deaths, had low hematotoxicity, well controlled gastrointestinal toxicity, and frequent but mild peripheral neurological symptoms. Therefore, it is of interest to associate oxaliplatin with other active compounds.     

Randomized trial comparing monthly low-dose leucovorin and fluorouracil bolus with weekly high-dose 48-hour continuous-infusion fluorouracil for advanced colorectal cancer: A Spanish Cooperative Group for Gastrointestinal Tumor Therapy (TTD) study

Purpose: The objective of this multicenter study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity profiles of a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) given by bolus injection together with intravenous leucovorin (LV) versus high-dose 5-FU in continuous infusion (CI) in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.Patients and methods: A total of 306 patients were randomized to receive either 5-FU 425 mg/m² given by bolus injection on days 1–5 plus intravenous (i.v.) LV 20 mg/m² every four to five weeks or 5-FU 3.5 g/m²/week in a 48-hour CI. Therapy was continued until disease progression. Second-line chemotherapy was allowed in both arms.Results: The response rates in 306 patients with measurable lesions were 19.2% (modulated arm) and 30.3% (CI arm, P < 0.05). The median progression-free survival times were 23.5 weeks (modulated arm) and 25 weeks (CI arm, P = NS). Median survival times were 42.5 weeks (modulated arm) and 48 weeks (CI arm, P = NS). There were no significant differences in grade 3–4 toxicity profiles but if we consider all grades we observed more mucositis in the modulated arm and more hand-foot syndrome in the CI arm.Conclusions: In terms of response rate, the continuous infusion regimen was more effective than the modulated regimen. There was no significant difference in survival and time to progression, and none in grade 3–4 toxicity.     

含诺维本的联合化疗对47例中晚期肺癌的近期疗效

目的：探讨含诺维本的联合化疗治疗中晚期肺癌的近期疗效及毒副反应。方法：应用以诺维本为主，与顺铂及阿霉素联合治疗47例中晚期肺癌有效率及毒副反应。结果：47例中晚期肺癌总有效率为48．9％。其中非小细胞肺癌有效率为56．8％（肺鳞癌为57．8％，肺腺癌为55．6％），小细胞肺癌有效率为20％.两组差异显著（P＜0．05），而鳞癌和腺癌疗效无明显差别（P＞0．05）。本方案毒副反应主要是骨髓抑制、神经毒性，胃肠道反应则较少。结果提示含有诺维本的联合化疗不仅对非小细胞肺癌有较好疗效，且毒副反应较轻。结论：含有诺维本的联合化疗，是一个值得临床更深入研究及应用的治疗非小细胞肺癌方案。     

AT方案与NP方案治疗晚期乳腺癌临床疗效观察

目的比较AT方案与NP方案治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床疗效、毒副反应及临床受益反应(clinicalbenefitresponse,CBR)。方法Ⅲ～Ⅳ期乳腺癌患者64例,分为AT组(ADM+TAX)38例,NP组(NVB+DDP)26例。结果AT组有效率68.4%(26/38),CBR率55.3%(21/38);NP组有效率65.4%(17/26),CBR率53.8%(14/26)。组间疗效及CBR无显著性差异(P>0.05)。主要毒副作用为骨髓抑制、消化道反应和静脉炎,均为可逆性。结论AT方案和NP方案对于复发或有远处转移的晚期乳腺癌疗效确切,毒副作用可以耐受,均可作为一线治疗方案应用。     

吉西他滨联合大剂量顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的观察吉西他滨(Gemcitabine GEM)联合大剂量顺铂(HD—DDP)方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(ANSCLC)的近期疗效及其不良反应。方法经病理组织学或细胞学证实的26例晚期非小细胞肺癌用吉西他滨1000mg／m^2。静脉滴注，第1，8，15天，顺铂80～100mg/m^2静脉滴注，第1天，4周为1周期。所有病人至少接受2周期治疗。结果可评价疗效26例，总有效率46．2％，初治病例14例，有效率57．1％。复治病例12例，有效率33．3％。主要毒副作用是骨髓抑制，恶心呕吐，其他毒性反应均轻微可耐受。结论吉西他滨联合大剂量顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌具有较好疗效，毒性可耐受，是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌较理想方案之     

奥沙利铂联合方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效

目的　研究奥沙利铂(L OHP)与氟尿嘧啶(5 FU)、亚叶酸钙(CF)联合化疗方案治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效及不良反应。方法　2 0 0 2年6月至2 0 0 4年6月2 4例晚期胃癌患者入组本次临床试验。入组病例接受L OHP联合5 FU及CF治疗方案:d1,L OPH 130mg·m-2 ,ivgtt;d1～5 ,CF 2 0 0mg·m-2 ,ivgtt;d1～5 ,5 FU 5 0 0mg·m-2 ,ivgtt×6h ,2 1d为一个周期,至少完成3周期。分别观察其近期疗效及不良反应。结果　近期疗效判定参照WHO实体瘤疗效评价标准;不良反应按实体瘤(1981年)NCI分级标准。全组2 4例患者总有效率(CR +PR)为5 0 % (12 / 2 4 ) ;主要不良反应为轻度骨髓抑制、消化道反应及外周神经毒性。结论　L OHP联合化疗方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效确切,不良反应能耐受