兰州地区青少年多曲唇弓矫治技术诊断指标的测量

目的 测定兰州地区青少年多曲唇弓矫治技术诊断指标前后向异常指数(APDI)、垂直向异常指数(ODI)、综合指数(CF)和拔牙指数(EI),为判断兰州地区青少年上下颌骨间前后向与垂直向的骨面形及正畸治疗前后诊断提供参考依据.方法 选择2002～2007年甘肃省人民医院口腔科门诊就诊的青少年个别正常(牙合)和错(牙合)畸形患者的头颅侧位片,其中个别正常(牙合)50例(男女各25例),安氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类错(牙合)各50例(每组男女各25例).使用Cephalograms/Model Analysis & Databade Winceph 8.0头影测量软件对头颅侧位片进行测量和分析.结果 兰州地区青少年个别正常耠APDI、ODI、CF、EI分别为(82.48±3.51)°、(74.94±4.10)°、(157.42±4.43)°、(155.59±6.49)°.男女之间没有统计学意义(P>0.05).安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)患者的APDI男性大于女性(P<0.05),而ODI、CF、EI在男女之间没有统计学意义(P>0.05);安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)患者的APDI、ODI、CF、EI在男女之间没有统计学意义(P>0.05);安氏Ⅲ类错耠患者的APDI男性小于女性(P<0.05),ODI男性大于女性(P<0.05).CF和EI在男女之间没有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 个别正常(牙合)及安氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类错耠患者的APDI、ODI、CF、EI对判断兰州地区青少年上下颌骨间前后向与垂直向的骨面形提供参考依据,对错(牙合)畸形的诊断及矫治设计的制定有所帮助.     

蝶枕部骨纤维异常增殖症1例并文献复习

目的:探讨颅骨的骨纤维异常增殖症的临床表现、影像学特征、病理学改变、诊断和治疗。方法:报告1例蝶枕部骨纤维异常增殖症并复习文献。结果:颅骨的骨纤维异常增殖症以头痛、眼球突出、复视甚至失明等为主诉。其CT特征为"毛玻璃样变",骨纤维畸形、硬化及黏液囊性变。病理学检查可明确诊断,而其影像学的特征性改变也可为诊断提供有力的证据。结论:颅骨的骨纤维异常增殖症临床表现多样,容易误诊,需结合临床表现、影像学及病理学检查结果进行诊断。对骨纤维异常增殖症患者手术治疗应当慎重,以保留残存的功能为首要目的。     

Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in a Boy with Fibrous Boney Dysplasia

Purpose:To report a case of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy combined with fibrous boney dysplasia. Methods: Case report. Results:A 16-year-old boy presented with painless vision loss in both eyes. He had a history of a right humerus fracture and right femoral fracture surgery after an uncomplicated fall.On examination in our clinic, his visual acuity was counting fingers at 20 cm OD and counting fingers at 40 cm OS.Both pupils reacted sluggishly to light.The findings on slit-lamp examination and funduscopy after pupillary dilation were all unremarkable. Computed tomography scans demonstrated fibrous dysplasia involving the right frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital bones but no stenosis of either optic canal. His serum alkaline phosphatase was 522 U/L (reference range: 40-150 U/L). His vision showed no improvement after intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy.Finally,a 11778 mitochondrial DNA mutation was detected. He still had no visual recovery after treatment with oral coenzyme Q10,vitamin B1, and citicoline. Conclusion:Fibrous dysplasia of bone may be associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy,possibly due to the fact that it increases local oxygen consumption. (Eye Science 2013; 28:48-50)     

Macular dysplasia and pigmented paravenous retino-choroidal atrophy

Pigmented paravenous retino-choroidal atrophy (PPRCA) is a rare retinal disease characterized by bilateral patches of pigment and areas of chorioretinal atrophy distributed along the veins. The authors present a 21-year-old male with pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy and unilateral macular dysplasia. To their knowledge, this is the second reported case of macular involvement. They believe that such association is not occasional, but may be suggestive of a variable expressivity of the disease.     

细胞图像分析预测食管上皮增生转归的研究

目的　探讨食管癌前期病变细胞核的染色质特征与癌变的关系,并对其癌变进行早期预测。方法　标本取自1983 年林县河顺乡食管细胞学普查。鳞状上皮重度增生93 例,轻度增生122例。所有标本均为食管拉网涂片,巴氏染色。图像输入设备是Axiomat 图像分析系统,由VAX4000500计算机控制,idl 软件。每一样本随机选择100 以上保存完好的鳞状上皮中层细胞,用100 ×物镜进行细胞核的测量。结果　从100 多个染色质形态、光密度和纹理的特征中,选出15 个有意义的特征进行判断。93 例重度增生3 年、5 年和9 年后癌变的病例作为高分辨率细胞分析样本,细胞图像分析判断为癌变的分别为18 例、12 例和6 例,判断正确率分别为75 .0 % (18/24) 、85 .7 % (12/14) 和85 .7 % (6/7) ;122 例轻度增生3 年、5 年和9 年后癌变的病例,细胞图像分析判断为癌变的分别为15 例、10 例和10 例,判断正确率分别为93 .8 % (15/16) 、76 .9 % (10/13) 和83 .3 % (10/12) 。结论　利用高分辨率细胞图像分析系统提取细胞核的特征能够区别癌变组和非癌变组,并可对癌前病变进行癌变的早期预测,在肿瘤预防研究中可以作为代用终期生物学指标之一。     

Confusion and prospects for carcinogenesis of gastric adenoma and dysplasia: What is the correct answer currently?

There are differences in the diagnoses of superficial gastric lesions between Japan and other countries. In Japan, superficial gastric lesions are classified as adenoma or cancer. Conversely, outside Japan, the same lesion is classified as low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia, or invasive neoplasia. Gastric carcinogenesis occurs mostly de novo, and the adenoma-carcinoma sequence does not appear to be the main pathway of carcinogenesis. Superficial gastric tumors can be roughly divided into the APC mutation type and the TP53 mutation type, which are mutually exclusive. APC-type tumors have low malignancy and develop into LGD, whereas TP53-type tumors have high malignancy and are considered cancerous even if small. For lesions diagnosed as category 3 or 4 in the Vienna classification, it is desirable to perform complete en bloc resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection followed by staging. If there is lymphovascular or submucosal invasion after mucosal resection, additional surgical treatment of gastrectomy with lymph node dissection is required. In such cases, function-preserving curative gastrectomy guided by sentinel lymph node biopsy may be a good alternative.     

Treatment and prevention of hip dysplasia in infants and young children

The diagnosis and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in the infant are uniform, with consensus that diagnostic ultrasound and Pavlik harness management are standard procedures. Sequential procedures for failed early treatment, residual dysplasia and late diagnosis are dependent on the age and the severity of the dysplasia.     

Three‐dimensional visualization of renal artery stenosis by 64‐channel multiple detector‐row computed tomographical angiography: review of two paediatric cases

Three‐dimensional visualization of renal arteries has recently been established by helical contrast‐enhanced multiple detector‐row computed tomographical angiography (MDCTA) in adults. So far, no information is available on its use in children. We reported two children with renal artery stenosis detected by 64‐channel MDCTA. The first patient probably had fibromuscular dysplasia and the other neurofibromatosis type1. The technique showed a left renal artery stenosis with a small left kidney in the first patient and a right renal artery stenosis in the second. Conclusion: MDCTA is an accurate and noninvasive imaging technique, easily performed in children, and can be used as an alternative diagnostic modality in children with suspected renovascular hypertension.     

Th17细胞在支气管肺发育不良疾病中的研究进展

Th17细胞是一种新近发现的CD4+T细胞亚群,是Th1、Th2家族的新成员.近年来研究发现,Th17产生IL-17可诱导支气管上皮细胞、内皮细胞、成纤维细胞分泌IL-6、IL-8、粒细胞集落刺激因子和肿瘤坏死因子-α等细胞因子,促进中性粒细胞在肺部的募集.研究显示Th17在支气管肺发育不良发病机制中起着重要的作用,也为其预防、治疗提供一个新的研究方向.