首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   18825篇
  免费   1584篇
  国内免费   571篇
耳鼻咽喉   221篇
儿科学   408篇
妇产科学   429篇
基础医学   2226篇
口腔科学   357篇
临床医学   1394篇
内科学   4120篇
皮肤病学   317篇
神经病学   1021篇
特种医学   303篇
外国民族医学   1篇
外科学   2536篇
综合类   2382篇
一般理论   1篇
预防医学   1116篇
眼科学   195篇
药学   1995篇
  4篇
中国医学   669篇
肿瘤学   1285篇
  2024年   26篇
  2023年   289篇
  2022年   991篇
  2021年   1361篇
  2020年   930篇
  2019年   1274篇
  2018年   1378篇
  2017年   817篇
  2016年   577篇
  2015年   708篇
  2014年   1262篇
  2013年   1149篇
  2012年   991篇
  2011年   1122篇
  2010年   889篇
  2009年   745篇
  2008年   761篇
  2007年   790篇
  2006年   608篇
  2005年   521篇
  2004年   468篇
  2003年   465篇
  2002年   283篇
  2001年   218篇
  2000年   210篇
  1999年   210篇
  1998年   313篇
  1997年   240篇
  1996年   166篇
  1995年   133篇
  1994年   116篇
  1993年   84篇
  1992年   83篇
  1991年   69篇
  1990年   47篇
  1989年   53篇
  1988年   60篇
  1987年   35篇
  1986年   39篇
  1985年   72篇
  1984年   66篇
  1983年   44篇
  1982年   56篇
  1981年   48篇
  1980年   54篇
  1979年   52篇
  1978年   31篇
  1977年   26篇
  1976年   13篇
  1974年   12篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 796 毫秒
31.
Introduction and objectivesThe Spanish Society of Cardiology/Spanish Heart Foundation (SEC/FEC) annually awards grants for cardiovascular research projects. Our objective was to analyze the trend in these investments and their resulting scientific production from 2007 to 2012.MethodsA search of the publications funded by the SEC/FEC was carried out, according to the following inclusion criteria: publication in a journal indexed in MEDLINE or EMBASE, publication date after the grant, authorship by the principal investigator of the grant, and acknowledgment of SEC/FEC funding. The impact factor and subsequent citations of the articles were analyzed (Web of Science).ResultsA total of 235 grants were awarded (39/y) with an allocation of €3 854 300 (€642 383/y), 37% of them to women. In all, 122 publications resulted from 88 research projects (37%) funded by the SEC/FEC. Up to October 2017, these publications had received 2258 citations in subsequent studies in the Web of Science, with a mean of 18.5 and a median of 8 citations/study.ConclusionsDespite the economic crisis, the mean number and size of the grants awarded by the SEC/FEC increased in the period analyzed. Grants were awarded on an equal opportunity basis to men and women. The bibliometric impact of the funded projects is acceptable, although efforts should be made to improve it.  相似文献   
32.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to study the opportunity costs (OC) that are involved in being a caregiver and to compare them with the direct costs assumed by the State and the families. We evaluate direct cost (those that imply a payment-out-of-pocket) and indirect cost (those that imply a dedication in time). We hypothesized that costs increase with the severity of the dementia, with the educational level and active occupational situation of caregiver. They are greater if the caregiver is male, but if the patient and caregiver cohabit they are reduced.

Method

778 surveys were analyzed. Data was collected using a questionnaire specifically designed for the purpose, with the collaboration of Alzheimer's Diseases Associations in Andalusia (Spain). For the indirect cost, we used the reveal preferences method. For the comparison between groups an ANOVA and a MANOVA was done.

Results

The hypotheses were confirmed. The OC exponentially increases with severity. More than 55% of costs are assumed by families. Occupied people have higher educational level and incomes and contract more external support. Costs are significantly higher for male caregivers. Cohabiting reduces all kinds of costs.

Conclusions

The relationship between educational level and employment situation lead to think that if these variables are greater more people will seek professional support. Cultural reasons still maintain women as main caregivers for all educational levels. The existence of these informal caregivers as the main care providers is a saving for the State, and a brake for the development of professional supply.  相似文献   
33.

Objective

To explore from a gender perspective the association with subjective health of the interaction between education and household arrangements within the framework of social determinants of health placed at the micro and mezzo levels.

Methods

The data comes from the Spanish sample of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions for 2014. Independent logistic regression models for men and women were run to analyze the association with subjective health of the interaction between education and household arrangements. An additive model was run to assess possible advantages over the interaction approach.

Results

The interaction models show a lower or even no significant effect on health of household arrangements usually negatively associated with health among individuals with high education, displaying specific patterns according to sex.

Conclusions

Health profiles of women and men are more precisely drawn if both social determinants of health are combined. Among the women, the important role was confirmed of both social determinants of health in understanding their health inequalities. Among the men, mainly those with low educational achievement, the interaction revealed that the household was a more meaningful social determinant of health. This could enable the definition of more efficient public policies to reduce health and gender inequalities.  相似文献   
34.
目的对膝关节前外侧韧带(anterolateral ligament,ALL)的研究进展进行综述,为临床诊治提供参考。方法广泛查阅近年来国内外有关 ALL 损伤诊断及治疗的文献,总结膝关节 ALL 解剖形态、生物力学以及 ALL 损伤机制、治疗现状。结果膝关节 ALL 具有限制胫骨内旋及前移作用,影响膝关节轴移。ALL 损伤后可结合患者体征和 MRI 检查诊断。膝关节 ALL 手术指征尚未统一,但多数学者倾向于对需进行前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)重建或翻修且伴有高度轴移试验阳性的患者进行 ALL 重建。目前 ALL 重建方式较多,但尚无最佳治疗术式。此外,由于缺乏高质量的术后长期随访研究,远期临床疗效仍不明确。结论ALL 在维持膝关节稳定性方面具有一定作用,但 ALL 重建技术及临床疗效仍待进一步研究。  相似文献   
35.
目的总结应用踇甲皮瓣再造拇指及腓动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植修复足部供区的手术方法及临床效果。方法2016 年 6 月—2018 年 5 月,应用踇甲皮瓣联合腓动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植再造拇指并修复足部供区 15 例。男 10 例,女 5 例;年龄 21~48 岁,平均 34.6 岁。致伤原因:重物压砸伤 7 例,机器绞伤 5 例,电锯切割伤 3 例。Ⅰ度缺损 9 例,Ⅱ度缺损 6 例。入院至皮瓣手术时间 4~7 d,平均 5.2 d。结果术后踇甲皮瓣及腓动脉穿支皮瓣全部成活,切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间 8~24 个月,平均 16.4 个月。末次随访时,再造拇指指甲生长平整,有光泽,指腹饱满;足部皮瓣外形良好,颜色及质地接近受区。根据中华医学会手外科学会拇手指再造功能评定标准,获优 9 例、良 6 例;根据 Maryland 足功能评分标准,获优 10 例、良 5 例。患者行走步态正常,无跛行及疼痛不适。结论踇甲皮瓣修复拇指Ⅰ、Ⅱ度缺损,再造拇指可获得良好外观及功能;腓动脉穿支皮瓣具有血供可靠、血管恒定、易切取等优点,可有效修复足部供区。  相似文献   
36.
目的对附加钢板技术治疗股骨干髓内钉术后骨不连的历史、现状和进展进行综述。方法广泛查阅国内外关于附加钢板技术治疗股骨干髓内钉术后骨不连的临床研究文献,并进行综合分析。结果自 1997 年附加钢板技术已成功用于治疗股骨干髓内钉术后骨不连,根据原髓内钉是否失效,可分为保留原髓内钉和更换原髓内钉两类。该技术不仅适用于简单骨不连,还可用于合并严重畸形的复杂性骨不连。相比更换髓内钉、更换外侧钢板和双钢板技术,附加钢板技术手术创伤更小,骨折愈合时间更短,骨折愈合率更高,患者能更早重返社会和工作。然而,该技术也存在一些问题有待解决,包括双皮质螺钉固定困难、缺乏适合股骨干解剖型附加钢板以及缺乏术后功能和生活质量的评估研究。结论相比其他翻修固定方式,附加钢板技术能够获得更高的骨折愈合率和更好的临床预后。然而,术后患者能否在功能和生活质量方面进一步获益还有待证实。此外,还需要更高质量的临床对照研究深入证明其是否确实优于其他翻修固定方式。  相似文献   
37.
目的探讨重睑术中采用经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻、中度内眦赘皮的疗效。方法回顾分析 2016 年 7 月—2017 年 10 月,重睑术中采用经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻、中度睑板型内眦赘皮合并单睑的 34 例患者(试验组)临床资料;以同期 38 例接受传统“Z”成形内眦开大术联合重睑术患者为对照(对照组)。两组患者年龄及内侧赘皮分度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。于术前及术后 6 d、6 个月测量眼裂长度,计算眼裂长度改善程度;参照内眦赘皮矫正标准评价手术疗效。 结果两组患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,并获随访 6 个月。两组内眦赘皮明显矫正。试验组内眦处无切口;对照组遗留瘢痕,其中 6 例增生明显。术后 6 d 试验组及对照组眼裂长度改善程度分别为 3.63%±0.07%、3.70%±0.05%;术后 6 个月分别为 4.64%±0.09%、4.46%±0.10%;两组比较差异均无统计学意义(t=0.005,P=0.996;t=0.287,P=0.871)。术后 6 个月疗效评价,试验组优 20 例、良 12 例、差 2 例,优良率 94.12%;对照组优 16 例、良 16 例、差 6 例,优良率 84.21%;差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.796,P=0.372)。 结论经重睑切口的上睑旋转皮瓣矫正轻、中度内眦赘皮手术操作简便、效果满意,内眦处无瘢痕形成。  相似文献   
38.

Background

We have recently shown that human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) levels correlate with the severity of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. However, there are no data on how HE4 levels alter in patients receiving CFTR modulating therapy.

Methods

In this retrospective clinical study, 3 independent CF patient cohorts (US-American: 29, Australian: 12 and Irish: 19 cases) were enrolled carrying at least one Class III CFTR CF-causing mutation (p.Gly551Asp) and being treated with CFTR potentiator ivacaftor. Plasma HE4 was measured by immunoassay before treatment (baseline) and 1–6?months after commencement of ivacaftor, and were correlated with FEV1 (% predicted), sweat chloride, C-reactive protein (CRP) and body mass index (BMI).

Results

After 1?month of therapy, HE4 levels were significantly lower than at baseline and remained decreased up to 6?months. A significant inverse correlation between absolute and delta values of HE4 and FEV1 (r?=??0.5376; P?<?.001 and r?=??0.3285; P?<?.001), was retrospectively observed in pooled groups, including an independent association of HE4 with FEV1 by multiple regression analysis (β?=??0.57, P?=?.019). Substantial area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) value was determined for HE4 when 7% mean change of FEV1 (0.722 [95% CI 0.581–0.863]; P?=?.029) were used as classifier, especially in the first 2?months of treatment (0.806 [95% CI 0.665–0.947]; P?<?.001).

Conclusions

This study shows that plasma HE4 levels inversely correlate with lung function improvement in CF patients receiving ivacaftor. Overall, this potential biomarker may be of value for routine clinical and laboratory follow-up of CFTR modulating therapy.  相似文献   
39.
驱动基因的发现及针对驱动基因的靶向治疗已显著提高了肺癌患者的生存质量和时间,但目前对于BRAFHER2METRET等少见驱动基因改变肺癌患者的靶向药物的选择仍然较少。近年来免疫检查点抑制剂在肺癌治疗中取得了一定的疗效,但因为少见驱动基因突变的肺癌患者本身样本量少,开展大规模临床随机对照试验尚存在一定的困难,目前此类患者接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的疗效情况仍不明确。本文将对目前已掌握的免疫检查点抑制剂治疗BRAFHER2METRET等少见驱动基因改变肺癌患者的临床研究结果进行综述,以期在一定程度上为临床工作提供一些依据和参考。  相似文献   
40.
目的治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎。并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。方法采用下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉,并配合局部麻醉。拔牙钳的尖置放于釉牙骨质界以上,采用颊舌向摆动的方式将患牙拔下。在不断滴有生理盐水的条件下,立即用高速车针磨除患牙根尖2 ̄3mm的牙体组织,根管内3 ̄5mm深的充填物要用圆钻将其清除,再用牙胶尖和氢氧化钙糊剂充填。将患牙再植入牙槽窝之前,务必用生理盐水将牙槽窝冲洗干净,要求严格控制在15分钟内完成再植,并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。再植牙齿一般不需要夹板固定,必要时可采用缝线缝合固定。结果我们选择的5例患者,术后随访1 ̄2年,1例患者再植失败,4例患者再植成功。结论特异性再植术治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎疗效理想,而且较易掌握。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号