高一学生的人格特征比较研究

目的研究高一学生的人格特征。方法采用卡特尔16PF和MHT量表调查高一学生231名。结果(1)高一学生与一般中学生在人格上存在一定的差异,有自己的独特性,其中男生与女生的人格特征存在差异,省会城市地区学生较地州学生人格更为理想,汉族学生的人格特征略优于少数民族学生;(2)心理健康水平较高的高一学生在9个因素上表现出典型的人格特点。结论有针对性地对高一学生进行人格健康教育,纠正高一学生人格发展上的偏差,完善其人格,具有十分重要的意义。     

基于分级角色的访问控制

结合RBAC模型,提出了一种基于分级角色的访问控制模型,将系统用户依据职能的不同分为不同的角色,同一类角色又划分不同的等级。定义了基本概念和等级-角色矩阵,进行了形式化的描述,并应用在实际系统中。每一个实际用户通过不同等级的角色,对应于不同访问权限的资源,并可动态地进行角色转换和等级变迁,从而使访问控制机制更为灵活。     

高血压部分危险因素及分层在性别间的对比分析

目的 调研金昌地区高血压人群中高血压危险分层在性别间的差异，为合理防治提供依据。方法 对高血压科研课题中的高血压患者进一步追踪调研，针对密切相关的生活嗜好、并发症、辅助检查结果．危险分层，分年龄段男女间进行对比分析、探讨其特殊规律。结果 男性高血压患者中吸烟、饮酒、高脂餐以及高血压脑病、脑血栓、肾损害者居多，危险分层以高危者居多；女性高血压患者中心绞痛、房室早博、尿糖阳性者较多，危险分层中以低危害者居多。结论 各年龄段性别间，高血压部分危险因素及分层差异显著，应分年龄段合理防治。     

Melatonin ameliorates low‐grade inflammation and oxidative stress in young Zucker diabetic fatty rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on low‐grade inflammation and oxidative stress in young male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, an experimental model of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ZDF rats (n = 30) and lean littermates (ZL) (n = 30) were used. At 6 wk of age, both lean and fatty animals were subdivided into three groups, each composed of 10 rats: naive (N), vehicle treated (V), and melatonin treated (M) (10 mg/kg/day) for 6 wk. Vehicle and melatonin were added to the drinking water. Pro‐inflammatory state was evaluated by plasma levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and C‐reactive protein (CRP). Also, oxidative stress was assessed by plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO), both basal and after Fe²⁺/H₂O₂ inducement. ZDF rats exhibited higher levels of IL‐6 (112.4 ± 1.5 pg/mL), TNF‐α (11.0 ± 0.1 pg/mL) and CRP (828 ± 16.0 µg/mL) compared with lean rats (IL‐6, 89.9 ± 1.0, P < 0.01; TNF‐α, 9.7 ± 0.4, P < 0.01; CRP, 508 ± 21.5, P < 0.001). Melatonin lowered IL‐6 (10%, P < 0.05), TNF‐α (10%, P < 0.05), and CRP (21%, P < 0.01). Basal and Fe²⁺/H₂O₂‐induced LPO, expressed as malondialdehyde equivalents (µmol/L), were higher in ZDF rats (basal, 3.2 ± 0.1 versus 2.5 ± 0.1 in ZL, P < 0.01; Fe²⁺/H₂O₂‐induced, 8.7 ± 0.2 versus 5.5 ± 0.3 in ZL; P < 0.001). Melatonin improved basal LPO (15%, P < 0.05) in ZDF rats, and Fe²⁺/H₂O₂‐ induced LPO in both ZL (15.2%, P < 0.01) and ZDF rats (39%, P < 0.001). These results demonstrated that oral melatonin administration ameliorates the pro‐inflammatory state and oxidative stress, which underlie the development of insulin resistance and their consequences, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.     

Significance of COX‐2 and VEGF expression in histopathologic grading and invasiveness of meningiomas

Meningiomas are slow‐growing neoplasms that recur locally. Their morphologic grading does not always correlate with patient outcome. We evaluated the status of several immunohistochemical markers with histopathologic parameters in various grades of meningioma.Eighty‐eight meningioma specimens were examined immunohistochemically to determine the status of Ki‐67, cyclin D1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and bcl‐2. Several clinical and pathological parameters were investigated.Forty‐nine Grade I, 33 Grade II, and 6 Grade III meningiomas were observed. VEGF and Ki‐67 expression was correlated with higher tumor grade. The association between grade and other immunohistochemical markers expression was not significant. A correlation was observed between COX‐2 expression and invasiveness to the brain or adjacent soft tissue. Tumor recurrence was correlated with brain or adjacent soft tissue invasion. We also observed a relationship between VEGF level and COX‐2 expression, and they were both correlated with necrosis.Immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF, COX‐2, and Ki‐67 expression can provide information regarding the behavior of meningiomas, particularly for cases in which histological grading is not straightforward.     

基于Ridit和RSR法的临床手术科室风险系数及其风险等级评价

目的探寻构建临床手术科室风险系数并客观评价其风险等级的方法。方法结合Ridit法与RSR法,对临床手术科室风险系数进行分档评级。结果手术科室风险系数(Ki)=各科室平均Ridit值+三四级手术占比+复杂病人占用床日比。后期通过运用RSR法和最佳分档准则,将Ki值分为3档,即临床手术科室风险分为3个等级:第一级为低风险科室,第二级为一般风险科室,第三级为高风险科室。结论利用临床手术科室风险系数Ki值反映各科承担的手术风险,能相对客观公正地表现临床医生的工作量和工作强度,有利于优化医院内部运营绩效考核与分配等工作。     

Pathological characterisation of male breast cancer: Results of the EORTC 10085/TBCRC/BIG/NABCG International Male Breast Cancer Program

AimSeveral prognostic histological features have been established in female breast cancer (BC), but it is unknown whether these can be extrapolated to male BC patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of several histological features in a large series of male BC.MethodsCentral pathology review was performed for 1483 male BCs collected through part 1 of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) International Male BC Program. Pathology review included histological subtype, grade, mitotic activity index (MAI), presence of a fibrotic focus and density of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). These features were correlated with clinical outcome. The relationship between these features and surrogate molecular subtypes using immunohistochemistry was also assessed.ResultsMedian follow-up for overall survival (OS) was 7.1 years. Overall histological grade was not significantly associated with OS (p = 0.129). MAI, the presence of a fibrotic focus and a low TIL density however were correlated with unfavourable OS (p = 0.023, p = 0.004 and p = 0.011, respectively). BC subtype correlated with TIL density (p = 0.015), as we observed a higher density for human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) positive BC compared to luminal HER2-negative subtype. No association was observed between subtype and fibrotic focus.ConclusionsHistologic grade was not significantly correlated with clinical outcome in this series, unlike what is seen in female patients. These results contribute to our understanding of male BC and indicate the importance of further research on the optimisation of risk stratification and treatment decisions for male BC patients.     

军队医院等级评审中医学装备管理部门的作用探讨

分析了医学装备管理现状以及等级评审对设备管理部门的作用要求,指出了如何发挥医院装备管理的作用,从院部领导高度重视、迎评工作组织严密、强化标准学习、修订各项规章制度等方面重点阐述了等级医院评审中的实践经验与体会,以期为医学装备管理部门提供参考.