Physicochemical properties of membranes and functional status of liver mitochondria in rats with an inherited capacity for increased radical formation

Liver mitochondria of inbred W/SSM rats with inherited increased radical formation reveal the following anomalies: inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, a lowered transmembrane potential, and alterations in protein-lipid interaction. The membrane viscosity and osmotic stability of mitochondria are unaffected. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 628–631, June, 1995     

Leukocyte histamine release in Hymenoptera-allergic patients. Correlation with skin test reactivity and changes following hyposensitization therapy

We have studied 46 Hymenoptera-allergic patients and 11 nonallergic controls by grading the severity of their sting reaction, determining their skin test reactivity, and performing human leukocyte histamine release with a commercial mixed stinging insect extract. A significant correlation was found between increasing severity of sting reaction and increasing skin test reactivity (p < 0.001). In $\text{41}\text{46}$ allergic patients from 15 to 100 per cent release of total cellular histamine occurred, whereas in the 11 nonallergic controls no greater than 10 per cent release of total cellular histamine was observed. Skin test reactivity correlated significantly with cell sensitivity in the allergic patients (p < 0.001). Following hyposensitization therapy, cell sensitivity generally did not change, but significant increases in antigen-neutralizing capacity (A.N.C.) of allergic serum did occur in $\text{11}\text{15}$ Hymenoptera-allergic patients.     

What we know and don't know about the development of independent ingestion in rats

Because suckling behavior differs in many ways from later ingestive behavior, the development of feeding and drinking in rats is best studied apart from the normal suckling situation. Newborn rat pups, separated from their mothers, will actively ingest diet infused into their mouths or spread on the floor beneath them. Such "independent" ingestion resembles the ingestive behavior of adult animals, but it also undergoes developmental changes in organization and control during the pre- and post-weaning periods: When young, deprived pups are fed, they show generalized, non-directed behavioral excitement; but with increasing age, this generalized responding matures into directed and focused ingestive activity. Early independent ingestion depends on a warm test environment; but with development, other familiar environmental and social cues come to influence responding. The internal controls of ingestion also change. Only gastric distension and hydrational status seem to be involved in controlling intake volume during early ingestion, with other ingestive controls emerging later in development. Thus ingestion, independent of suckling from the mother, is a system undergoing revealing developmental changes. These changes offer opportunities for studying ingestion, its controls, and its neural basis at its simplest organizational stage in the newborn, and at higher levels of complexity as maturation adds new components to the feeding system.     

The binding of somatostatin to rat synaptosomal membranes: effects of detergent solubilisation and of bacitracin

Specific high and low affinity binding sites for somatostatin have been demonstrated in rat brain synaptosomal membranes using 125I [Tyr"] somatostatin tracer. When incubations were carried out in the presence of low concentrations of bacitracin (0.01% w/v), a 66% increase in association constant of the high affinity binding site to Ka = 1.71 X 10(10) M-1 and a 70% increase in the Ka of the low affinity site to 0.034 X 10(10) M-1 were observed; a similar (50%) increase in the binding capacity of the low affinity site but no increase in the binding capacity of the high affinity site was seen. These results may indicate a direct effect of bacitracin on the membrane that is distinct from its effect as an inhibitor of tracer degradation. The somatostatin-binding capacity of the membranes was solubilised by treatment with Triton X-100 and the apparent molecular weight of the receptor-ligand-detergent micelle complex was estimated by gel filtration to be approximately 250,000.     

Selective and nonselective shunts for variceal bleeding. A prospective study of 103 patients

Based on the experience reported herein, the following conclusions have been made: (1) Although nonoperative means, including sclerotherapy, have an important role in the management of bleeding varices, they are not definitive means of treating recurrent variceal hemorrhage. (2) Because of the maintenance of hepatopetal flow and splanchnic venous hypertension, a selective shunt is associated with a lower incidence of encephalopathy and provides a better quality of life than does a nonselective shunt. Thus, an elective distal splenorenal shunt is the elective operation of choice for recurrent variceal hemorrhage. (3) Nonselective shunts can be performed with similar expectation of patient survival as selective shunts, but because of increased encephalopathy, should be reserved for emergency operations, in cases of unsuitable venous anatomy, and in those patients with intractable ascites. (4) A well-conceived elective shunt procedure can be performed with low operative mortality and long-term patency, results in significant survival, and is still considered the "gold standard" for treatment of variceal bleeding.     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血栓素、前列环素及血液流变学指标的检测分析

目的 :探讨血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血栓素B2 、前列环素与血液流变学指标的变化及其与发病机制的关系。方法 :用放射免疫法测定TXA2 和PGI2 的代谢产物血栓素B2 (TXB2 )、6 酮 前列腺素F1α( 6 K PGF1α) ,LBY N6A自清洗旋转式粘度计测定血液流变学指标 ,并与对照组对比分析。结果 :血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者TXB2 ( 53.59± 83.2 1ng/L)、6 K PGF1α( 14 .50± 3.4 5ng/L) ,与对照组相比差异显著 ;全血高切粘度、低切粘度、血浆粘度及纤维蛋白原疾病组均高于对照组 ,差异具有统计学意义。结论 :血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者存在TXA2 /PGI2失衡 ,并与血液流变学的改变有密切关系     

显脉香茶菜化学成分的研究

在继续对显脉香茶菜Ｒａｂｄｏｓｉａ ｎｅｒｖｏｓａ （Ｈｅｍｓｌ）Ｃ．Ｙ．Ｗｕ ｅｔ Ｈ．Ｗ．Ｌｉ茎叶有效成分的研究中,又分得一种新的对映－甲壳杉烷型二萜,经理化常数和波谱分析,确定其结构为１α、１５β－二羟基－６β－乙氧基－６,７－Ｂ－断裂－对映－贝壳杉－１６－烯－６,２０－环氧－７,２０－内酯,命名为显脉香茶菜丙素（ｒａｂｄｏｎｅｒｖｏｓｉｎＣ）。