多媒体数字录像系统在护理实验教学中的应用

传统护理实验教学中存在弊端,影响教学效果。为提高护理实验教学质量,我校引入了多媒体数字录像系统,该系统由摄像、中央控制、网络控制、显示四部分组成。由于该系统具有提高课堂教学效果、降低教师的劳动强度、利于学生的复习和资源共享的优势,因此该系统的应用在护理实验教学中取得了良好的教学效果。     

Assessment of Dietary Intake Using Food Photography and Video Recording in Free-Living Young Adults: A Comparative Study

BackgroundConventional methods of dietary assessment are prone to recall bias and place burden on participants.ObjectiveOur aim was to compare the performance of image-based dietary assessment (IBDA), including food photography (FP) and video recording (VR), with the criterion of weighed food records (WFR).DesignIn this comparative study, participants captured meals using FP and VR before and after consumption, over 2 days. Food type and portion size were assessed using the images and videos. Energy and nutrient intakes (mean of 2 days) were compared against WFR.Participants/settingsEighty-four healthy adults (mean [standard deviation] age = 29 [8] years), recruited through advertisement in Glasgow, UK, between January and August 2016 were enrolled in the study. Eighty participants (95%) (mean [standard deviation] age = 28 [7] years) completed the study and were included in the analysis.Main outcome measuresAgreement in estimated energy and nutrient intake between WFR and IBDA. The IBDA method feasibility was evaluated using a questionnaire. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability were assessed.Statistical analysis performedThe performance of the IBDA methods against WFR and their inter and intra-rater reliability were tested with Bland-Altman plots and Spearman correlations. Intra-class agreement between methods was assessed using κ statistics.ResultsInter-rater reliability was strong for both IBDA methods in estimating energy intake (ρ-coefficients: FP = 0.80; VR = 0.81). There was no difference in the agreement between the 2 assessors. Intra-rater reliability was high. FP and VR underestimated energy intake by a mean (95% agreement limits) of –13.3% (–56.4% and 29.7%) and –4.5% (–45.5% and 36.4%), respectively. IBDA demonstrated moderate-to-strong correlations in nutrient intake ranking, median ρ-coefficients for all nutrients: FP = 0.73 (interquartile range, 0.09) and VR = 0.82 (interquartile range, 0.02). Inter-class agreement of IBDA methods was moderate compared with the WFR in energy intake estimation. IBDA was more practical and enjoyable than WFR.ConclusionsIBDA and VR in particular demonstrated a moderate-to-strong ability to rank participants’ dietary intake, and considerable group and inter-class agreement compared with the WFR. However, IBDA was found to be unsuitable for assessment in individuals.     

鼾症患者使用三种不同可视喉镜行经口气管插管的比较

目的探讨Clarus可视喉镜、HPHJ-A视频喉镜和Airtraq可视喉镜在鼾症患者经口气管插管中的应用价值。方法选择拟行择期手术的鼾症患者90例,男39例,女51例,年龄22~55岁,BMI 25~29 kg/m2,ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级,随机分为三组:Clarus可视喉镜组(C组)、HPHJ-A视频喉镜组(H组)和Airtraq可视喉镜组(A组),每组30例。记录插管时间、首次插管成功率。记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、插管前(T1)、插管后即刻(T2)、插管后1 min(T3)、3 min(T4)时的HR、MAP、心率-收缩压乘积(RPP),记录咽喉损伤和出血情况。结果 C组均成功插管,H组插管失败有2例,A组插管失败有1例,后经Clarus可视喉镜均插管成功。C组插管完成时间明显长于H组和A组(P0.05),三组插管尝试次数差异无统计学意义。与T0时比较,T1时三组HR明显减慢,MAP、RPP明显降低(P0.05)。与T1时比较,T2时三组HR明显增快、MAP、RPP明显升高(P0.05),T3时H组和A组HR明显增快,三组MAP和RPP明显升高(P0.05)。T2时C组HR明显慢于H组和A组,RPP明显低于H组和A组(P0.05)。三组咽喉损伤和出血情况等不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论对于鼾症患者行经口气管插管时,与HPHJ-A视频喉镜和Airtraq可视喉镜比较,Clarus可视喉镜所需张口度要求低,血流动力学影响小,但插管所需时间较长,在预防咽喉损伤上并无明显优势。     

胸腔镜纵隔肿瘤切除术20例围术期护理体会

目的:探讨胸腔镜纵隔肿瘤切除术患者围术期的护理方法.方法:对20例纵隔肿瘤患者行胸腔镜切除术,并给予术前心理护理,术中密切配合,术后生命体征监测,指导康复期活动及饮食等综合护理.结果:本组患者围术期心理健康平稳,术后5～7d均康复出院.结论:对胸腔镜纵隔肿瘤切除术患者给予精心围术期护理,可确保手术成功,促进患者康复.     

用VfW实现的图像采集超声工作站的体会

目的用视频捕捉应用程序接口实现超声工作站的图像采集功能。方法采用VideoforWindows提供的库函数进行视频图像的捕捉、播放及存储,用个人微机、图像采集卡及相应软件构建了图像采集工作站。结果使用该工作站获得了高分辨率的超声图像。结论本文设计的图像工作站成本低、可移植性好、适用性强,有较好的应用前景。     

Counter striking psychosis: Commercial video games as potential treatment in schizophrenia? A systematic review of neuroimaging studies

Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic, and strongly disabling neuropsychiatric disorder, characterized by cognitive decline, positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms respond well to antipsychotic medication and psycho-social interventions, in contrast to negative symptoms and neurocognitive impairments. Cognitive deficits have been linked to a poorer outcome and hence specific cognitive remediation therapies have been proposed. Their effectiveness is nowadays approved and neurobiological correlates have been reconfirmed by brain imaging studies. Interestingly, recent MRI work showed that commercial video games modified similar brain areas as these specialized training programs. If gray matter increases and functional brain modulations would translate in better cognitive and every day functioning, commercial video game training could be an enjoyable and economically interesting treatment option for patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. This systematic review summarizes advances in the area with emphasis on imaging studies dealing with brain changes upon video game training and contrasts them to conventional cognitive remediation. Moreover, we discuss potential challenges therapeutic video game development and research would have to face in future treatment of schizophrenia.     

计算机录像采集系统在腔道泌尿外科临床教学中的应用

随着腔道泌尿外科的发展,多数泌尿外科手术均能在腔镜下完成。通过先进的计算机录像采集系统,可获得大量组织器管病变的录像和图片资料。充分利用计算机录像采集系统的资料进行腔道泌尿外科临床教学,可为学生提供真实、生动、形象、直观、全面的疾病相关录像、图片信息和操作范例,可有效提高学生的学习兴趣和学习效率。临床教学效果好,有较高的推广应用价值。     

利用医院OA系统建立图书馆继续教育平台初探

探讨利用医院办公自动化(Office Automation,OA)系统,建立图书馆继续教育平台,使医护技术人员在"异地"获取医学视频信息资源,利用业余时间进行学习,从而实现整体提高医院的医疗技术服务水平。     

影视作品在精神病学教学中的应用探析

在精神病学的教学过程中应用影视作品,可以激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的人文素质,培养学生的跨文化意识和提高教师的教学水平.对影视作品要精心筛选、适当编辑,根据教学目的进行课前准备、随堂放映、课后观赏.把影视作品引入精神病学教学过程的做法值得研究和推广.     

Semantic integration of differently asynchronous audio-visual information in videos of real-world events in cognitive processing: an ERP study

In the real world, some of the auditory and visual information received by the human brain are temporally asynchronous. How is such information integrated in cognitive processing in the brain? In this paper, we aimed to study the semantic integration of differently asynchronous audio–visual information in cognitive processing using ERP (event-related potential) method. Subjects were presented with videos of real world events, in which the auditory and visual information are temporally asynchronous. When the critical action was prior to the sound, sounds incongruous with the preceding critical actions elicited a N400 effect when compared to congruous condition. This result demonstrates that semantic contextual integration indexed by N400 also applies to cognitive processing of multisensory information. In addition, the N400 effect is early in latency when contrasted with other visually induced N400 studies. It is shown that cross modal information is facilitated in time when contrasted with visual information in isolation. When the sound was prior to the critical action, a larger late positive wave was observed under the incongruous condition compared to congruous condition. P600 might represent a reanalysis process, in which the mismatch between the critical action and the preceding sound was evaluated. It is shown that environmental sound may affect the cognitive processing of a visual event.