泪点栓治疗视频终端顽固性干眼症的临床效果研究

目的：探讨泪点栓治疗视频终端顽固性干眼症的临床效果。方法选取2013年2~5月本院收治的视频终端顽固性干眼症患者59例（118只眼）,按照治疗方法不同分为两组,观察A组30例（60只眼）和观察B组29例（58只眼）,观察A组采用上下泪小点植入永久性泪点栓治疗,观察B组采用上泪小点植入临时性自溶性泪点栓,下泪小点植入永久性泪点栓治疗。结果两组治疗后3个月的BUT、Schirmer-Ⅰ明显高于治疗前,FL及主观症状评分明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组治疗后3个月的BUT、Schirmer-Ⅰ、FL及主观症状评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。观察A组的并发症发生率高于观察B组（P〈0.05）。结论采用泪点栓可显著改善视频终端顽固性干眼症患者的临床症状,上泪小点植入临时性自溶性泪点栓,下泪小点植入永久性泪点栓治疗安全性更高。     

The effects of video games on laparoscopic simulator skills

Background

Recently, there has been a growth in studies supporting the hypothesis that video games have positive effects on basic laparoscopic skills. This review discusses all studies directly related to these effects.

Data Sources

A search in the PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed using synonymous terms for video games and laparoscopy. All available articles concerning video games and their effects on skills on any laparoscopic simulator (box trainer, virtual reality, and animal models) were selected.

Conclusions

Video game experience has been related to higher baseline laparoscopic skills in different studies. There is currently, however, no standardized method to assess video game experience, making it difficult to compare these studies. Several controlled experiments have, nevertheless, shown that video games cannot only be used to improve laparoscopic basic skills in surgical novices, but are also used as a temporary warming-up before laparoscopic surgery.     

影像尿动力学评估先天性膀胱输尿管返流患儿的膀胱功能障碍

目的 采用影像尿动力学评估小儿先天性膀胱输尿管返流(VUR)与膀胱功能障碍的关系.方法 选取2011年4月至2013年7月在郑州大学第一附属医院就诊的67例VUR患儿为研究对象.患儿经影像尿动力学、尿常规、排泄性尿路造影等检查,记录患儿尿路感染、逼尿肌过度活动、逼尿肌括约肌协同失调及VUR程度等情况,根据尿动力学表现的不同分为正常组、单纯逼尿肌过度活动组和逼尿肌括约肌协同失调组(伴或不伴逼尿肌过度活动的逼尿肌括约肌协同失调),另外按照返流级别将患儿分为低级别返流(Ⅰ～Ⅱ度)和高级别返流(Ⅲ～Ⅴ度),分析膀胱功能与VUR侧别、返流程度以及尿路感染的关系.结果 VUR患儿合并膀胱功能异常占73.1％(49/67例),其中膀胱过度活动症占49.3％(33/49例),逼尿肌括约肌协同失调占23.8％(16/49例).单纯膀胱过度活动患儿多为单侧,Ⅰ～Ⅱ度返流,且较少合并尿路感染.而逼尿肌括约肌协同失调的患儿多为双侧,Ⅲ～Ⅳ度返流,且较多见尿路感染.结论 影像尿动力学可以准确诊断VUR,同时对患儿膀胱功能的评估,及临床制定治疗方案提供重要参考.     

视频反馈结合情景模拟教学法在消化内科实习护生中的应用

目的:探讨视频反馈结合情景模拟教学法在消化内科实习护生中的应用效果。方法:将60名消化内科实习护生采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各30名,对照组给予常规带教法,观察组给予视频反馈结合情景模拟教学法,比较两组教学质量、护理能力、评判性思维能力、带教老师对实习护生评价及满意度。结果:观察组专科理论和操作技能考核成绩、护理评估、身体检查、操作技能、健康教育、临床判断、组织效能及人文关怀评分均高于对照组(P<0.01);观察组开放思想、分析能力、系统化能力、自信心、求知欲、认知成熟度、能力总分、动手实践、综合能力及团队能力评分均高于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05);观察组满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:视频反馈结合情景模拟教学法可提高消化内科实习护生临床护理能力、评判性思维能力及教学质量。     

The effect of the video and brochure via donor recruitment on fear,anxiety and intention: Randomized controlled trial

Although voluntary blood donation is important in terms of sustainable blood supply, voluntary blood donation rates in the world and in our country are behind the desired target. University students are an important group in achieving the goal.The study was planned among 551 university students between 19–21 March 2018.It was planned as a single-blind randomized controlled study in order to evaluate the factors affecting students' blood donation decision and the effect of brochure and video information on fear, anxiety and intention. The data obtained by using Blood Donation Questionnaire and State Anxiety Scale and p ≤ 0.05 was accepted as significant.As a result of the study, 37.9 % of the students reported that they did not give blood due to health reasons, 26 % insecurity and 24.1 % fear. The increase in after the intervention knowledge level was mostly in the group of videos and improved brochures (p < 0.001).There was no difference between the groups in terms of the State Anxiety Scale mean scores p> 0.05). In after the intervention, those who intend to give blood have higher knowledge and their fear and anxiety scores less than those not intend to give blood (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the groups in terms of intention to give blood after the intervention (p> 0.05).As a result, it was found that the information given through the developed brochures and videos increased the level of knowledge, had no effect on the anxiety level and it can be said that the improved brochure has positive effects on intent and fear.     

视频教育结合回授法在腰椎间盘突出症术后患者腰背肌功能锻炼中的应用

目的探讨视频教育结合回授法在腰椎间盘突出症术后患者腰背肌功能锻炼中的应用效果。方法选取2018年5月至2019年5月本院收治的腰椎间盘突出症手术患者70例为研究对象,随机将其等分为对照组和试验组,对照组给予常规干预,试验组采用视频教育结合回授法干预。比较两组术后功能锻炼依从性及生活质量评分。结果试验组术后功能锻炼依从性明显优于对照组(P<0.05);试验组生理、心理、社会及环境评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腰椎间盘突出症术后患者腰背肌功能锻炼中应用视频教育结合回授法,可提高患者功能锻炼的依从性及术后生活质量。     

胸腔镜手术治疗心包积液

目的 总结电视胸腔镜技术心包开窗术治疗心包积液的经验.方法 对12例进行胸腔镜下心包开窗和心包切除术治疗的心包积液病人临床资料进行回顾分析.结果 2例出现术中心律失常、急性心功能衰竭,术后胸引管保留时间3～14天,全部治愈,随访1年以上无复发.结论 电视胸腔镜下心包开窗术和心包切除治疗心包积液效果满意且创伤小、痛苦轻、恢复快.     

颞叶癫痫发作间期PET-CT与VEEG检查对致癫灶的诊断价值比较

目的 比较分析颞叶癫痫发作间期正电子发射计算机断层显像（PET-CT）和视频脑电图（VEEG）检查对致癫灶的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2016年3月至2018年3月手术治疗的80例单侧颞叶癫痫的临床资料。另选取同期健康体检者30例作为对照。术前进行PET-CT和VEEG监测定位致痫灶,以术中监测结果为定位致痫灶的金标准。利用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评价PET-CT放射性分布不对称指数（AI）对颞叶癫痫致癫灶的诊断价值。结果 PET-CT、VEEG确定致癫灶的灵敏度分别为88.73%、47.89%,特异度分别为88.89%、66.67%。颞叶癫痫发作间期病灶侧AI显著高于非病灶侧（P<0.05）,同时也显著高于健康体检者颞叶内侧AI（P<0.05）及颞叶外侧AI（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果显示,AI=0.153诊断颞叶癫痫致癫灶的曲线下面积为0.730,95%置信区间在0.544~0.916。结论 颞叶癫痫发作间期PET-CT脑显像定位准确率优于VEEG,对手术治疗准确定位有很高的应用价值,且AI为0.153时诊断癫痫灶的效果最好。     

前庭性偏头痛的眼震视图表现及诊断价值

目的比较前庭性偏头痛(VM)和健康受试者的眼震视图(VNG)表现,明确VNG检查在VM中的诊断价值.方法前瞻性连续纳入2018年8月至2019年8月在新乡医学院附属人民医院神经内科就诊的VM患者55例和体检中心健康受试者45例,所有患者及健康受试者在条件允许下行VNG检查,包括视动性试验(扫视试验、平稳跟踪试验、视动性试验)、前庭功能试验(温度试验、摇头眼震)、自发性眼震、诱发性眼震检查(静态位置性试验).采用χ^2检验比较两组之间VNG结果的差异.结果VM组与健康受试者组之间人口统计学差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05).扫视试验:VM组有17例(30.9%)异常,健康受试者组异常例数3例(6.7%;χ^2=9.091,P<0.05);平稳跟踪实验:VM组异常20例(36.4%),健康受试者组异常5例(11.1%;χ^2=8.418,P<0.05);视动性眼震检查:VM组异常例数24例(43.6%),健康受试者组异常例数6例(13.3%;χ^2=10.823,P<0.05);温度试验:VM组有13例(23.6%)异常,健康受试者组中异常2例(3.6%;χ^2=7.150,P<0.05);摇头眼震:VM组有11例(20.0%)异常,健康受试者组异常2例(3.6%;χ^2=5.295,P<0.05);自发性眼震检查:VM组中异常10例(18.2%),健康受试者组异常4例(8.9%;χ^2=1.775,P>0.05);静态位置性眼震检查:VM组共有22例(40.0%)异常,健康受试者组中共有7例异常(16.5%;χ^2=7.183,P<0.05).结论VM组的总VNG检查异常率高于健康受试者组,说明VNG检查有助于VM的诊断,且其表现提示VM患者中枢及外周均有损害的迹象.