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91.
Delivering maternal health care services in an internal conflict setting in Maguindanao, Philippines
Lee RB 《Reproductive Health Matters》2008,16(31):65-74
To improve access to maternal health care and family planning services in conflict-stricken Maguindanao province, southern Philippines, several non-governmental organisations have begun collaborating with local public health services. This exploratory study describes the experiences of local government service providers and two NGOs in a context of long-standing internal armed conflict, how and to what extent provision has been affected by the conflict and what has been done to overcome its effects. It is based on interviews with six health service coordinators and providers. Local government-NGO partnership takes the form of giving NGOs space in government health care facilities and receiving from them critical supplies, personnel and contraceptives. Service delivery structures have generally been spared from direct attacks by the parties involved locally in armed conflict due to the perceived benefits of their services, including for rebels and their families, their neutral stance and willingness to treat everyone. However, they do suffer from occasional disruption and kidnappings and need to seek protection from local leaders. When mass evacuation is required providers follow displaced families to evacuation points to ensure they continue to get services. Collaboration for maternal health care provision is recent, but the planned expansion of NGO projects will help it to evolve. 相似文献
92.
Studies of the human placental vasculature suggest a low resistance circulation. Using wire myography, endothelial-dependent relaxation of human chorionic plate arteries has been difficult to demonstrate with any consistency. However, histamine has been suggested to relax placental vessels in the perfused organ in vitro. Here we aimed to demonstrate endothelial-dependent relaxation to histamine under physiological conditions of stretch and oxygenation. Histamine administration to pre-contracted arteries induced a triphasic response; an initial contraction followed by a dilatation which stabilized to a significant relaxation compared to time control arteries. Relaxation was partially inhibited by blockers of endothelial-dependent relaxation pathways. The initial contraction was abolished by H(1)-receptor blockade with mepyramine. The relaxation was significantly reduced by H(2)-receptor blockade with famotidine but only abolished in the presence of both H(1)- and H(2)-receptor antagonists. In conclusion, histamine induced contraction and relaxation of human chorionic plate arteries. Our data suggest that contraction is mediated by activation of H(1)-receptors. Relaxation occurs directly, via activation of H(2)-receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells, and indirectly via H(1)-receptor stimulation of endothelial-dependent relaxation. 相似文献
93.
Kosuke Niwa Keigo Yamashita Tomoaki Hirose Shun Hiraga Ryohei Fukuba Junichi Takemura Hiroshi Nishikawa Shigeki Taniguchi 《Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery》2022,34(5):849
Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESAlthough reoperation has been increasingly performed in cardiovascular surgery in recent years, preventing surgical adhesions remains an unsolved complication. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether gelatine sealing sheets are more effective than fibrin sealing sheets in preventing surgical adhesions.METHODSBilateral femoral arteries of 20 beagle dogs under general anaesthesia were pricked with syringe needles, and gelatine and fibrin sealing sheets were applied on the bleeding points to make canine adhesion models. The femoral artery was harvested after 4 and 12 weeks to evaluate adhesion formations. The adhesive grade was quantified by scoring the area and strength of adhesion tissues. Histological staining was performed to examine the structural features of surgical adhesions.RESULTSSignificantly fewer macroscopic adhesions were observed with gelatine sealing sheets than those with fibrin sealing sheets at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Microscopically, CD3+ T lymphocytes at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively in gelatine sealing sheets were significantly lower than those in fibrin sealing sheets. Microvessel density determined by CD34 at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively in gelatine sealing sheets was also significantly lower than those in fibrin sealing sheets.CONCLUSIONSThe gelatine sealing sheets are more effective than the fibrin sealing sheets in preventing surgical adhesions. These findings suggest that the gelatine sealing sheet may help prevent adhesions and thus be a therapeutically effective biomaterial in vascular surgery. 相似文献
94.
王蕙 《中华医学图书情报杂志》2012,21(5):18-20
对普通高校招生"零投档"危机产生的根由进行了较深入的探讨,提出了图书馆对其的响应方案。 相似文献
95.
从社会学的角度来看,"现代性"框架下的"科学至上主义"情结,导致教育学的"科学性"遭到质疑;教育现实的"利益追求"与教育学的"生活价值"追求正在发生矛盾;教育学本身理论的僵化,不能与时俱进,是教育学面临危机的主要原因。 相似文献
96.
目的 探讨消旋-3-正丁基苯酞(NBP)对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆的影响.方法 用两血管法(2VO)建立血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)模型,将60只3月龄雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成VD组、假手术组和NBP组,NBP组以丁苯酞灌胃1个月,VD组和假手术组给予等量的植物油,以Morris水迷宫测试各组大鼠的学习记忆能力,HE染色观察大鼠海马区脑组织形态.结果 NBP组和假手术组和VD组的隐蔽平台逃避潜伏期[分别为(38.34±2.46)s,(14.83±3.77s),(75.74±6.33)s];原平台象限时间[分别为(26.45±4.66)s,(35.21±3.78)s,(18.67±5.39)s].与VD组相比,NBP组明显缩短隐蔽平台逃避潜伏期,增加原平台象限时间,并在HE染色中减少神经元坏死.结论 NBP能显著改善VD大鼠的学习记忆能力.Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) on learning and memory abilities in vascular demensia (VD) rats. Methods VD model rats was established by two-vessel method. 60 3-month-old Wistar male rats were randomly divided into VD group, sham-operate group and NBP group. Rats in NBP group were given NBP 120 mg · kg-1 · d-1 ,VD and sham-operate group were given equal quality vegetable oil.Morris water maze was used to assess the learning and memory abilities in each group and HE staining was used to observe the hippocampus morphology of the rats. Results The escape latency in hidden plat test was( (38.34 ±2.46 ) s, ( 14.83 ± 3.77s ), ( 75.74 ± 6.33 ) s ) and the original platform quadrant time was ( ( 26.45 ± 4.66 ) s,(35.21 ±3.78)s, ( 18.67 ±5.39)s) in NBP group,sham-operate group and VD group respectively. Compared to VD group, NBP group had obviously decreased escape latency in hidden plat test, increased original platform quadrant time and distinctly decreased the necrosis of the neurons in HE dyeing. Conclusion NBP can improve the learning and memory deficits in VD rats. 相似文献
97.
长春西汀治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨长春西汀对血管性痴呆(VD)疗效和作用机制。方法:96例VD患者随机分成长春西汀治疗组和胞二磷胆碱对照组,分别在治疗第10、21d进行简易精神状态评分(MMSE)和长谷川评分(1DS),同时测定与记忆有关的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)的活性。结果:长春西汀治疗组患者第21d的MMSE和IDS评分均高于治疗前和一般治疗组(P<0.01),且长春西汀治疗组VD患者的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活性降低和血浆乙酰胆(Ach)含量升高(P<0.05)。结论:长春西汀治疗VD疗效肯定,其机制可能与胆碱能神经系统功能增强有关。 相似文献
98.
Alessio Alfieri Juraj Koudelka Mosi Li Sanny Scheffer Jessica Duncombe Andrea Caporali Rajesh N Kalaria Colin Smith Ajay M Shah Karen Horsburgh 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2022,42(7):1176
Chronic microvascular inflammation and oxidative stress are inter-related mechanisms underpinning white matter disease and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). A proposed mediator is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (Nox2), a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain. To assess the role of Nox2 in VCI, we studied a tractable model with white matter pathology and cognitive impairment induced by bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). Mice with genetic deletion of Nox2 (Nox2 KO) were compared to wild-type (WT) following BCAS. Sustained BCAS over 12 weeks in WT mice induced Nox2 expression, indices of microvascular inflammation and oxidative damage, along with white matter pathology culminating in a marked cognitive impairment, which were all protected by Nox2 genetic deletion. Neurovascular coupling was impaired in WT mice post-BCAS and restored in Nox2 KO mice. Increased vascular expression of chemoattractant mediators, cell-adhesion molecules and endothelial activation factors in WT mice post-BCAS were ameliorated by Nox2 deficiency. The clinical relevance was confirmed by increased vascular Nox2 and indices of microvascular inflammation in human post-mortem subjects with cerebral vascular disease. Our results support Nox2 activity as a critical determinant of VCI, whose targeting may be of therapeutic benefit in cerebral vascular disease. 相似文献
99.
目的了解蛋白激酶C(PKC)亚型在血管外膜成纤维细胞中的表达情况。方法用β1-转化生长因子(TGF-1β)可将AF诱导为MF,用免疫组化法可以鉴定转化是否成功。根据文献报道,蛋白激酶C的许多亚型在AF与MF中的表达量往往差异有统计学意义。实验选取PKC-ε、PKC-δ、PKC-ζ作为研究对象用定量PCR的方法,比较它们在AF和MF中表达的差异。结果 PKC-ε、PKC-ζ的表达在MF中明显高于AF,而PKC-δ的表达差异无统计学意义。结论本实验为进一步研究PKC家族在血管外膜成纤维细胞表型转化中的作用打下基础。 相似文献
100.