Impact of Critical Illness Polyneuromyopathy in Rehabilitation: A Prospective Observational Study

Background

Critical illness polyneuromyopathy (CIPNM) increasingly is recognized as a source of disability in patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The prevalence and impact of CIPNM on patients in the rehabilitation setting has not been established.

Imaging-Based 3-Dimensional Printing for Improved Maxillofacial Presurgical Planning: A Single Center Case Series

Purpose3-D printing is an increasingly widespread technology that allows physical models to be constructed based on cross-sectional medical imaging data. We sought to develop a pipeline for production of 3-dimensional (3-D) models for presurgical planning and assess the value of these models for surgeons and patients.MethodsIn this institutional review board–approved, single-center case series, participating surgeons identified cases for 3-D model printing, and after obtaining patient consent, a 3-D model was produced for each of the 7 participating patients based on preoperative cross-sectional imaging. Each model was given to the surgeon to use during the surgical consent discussion and preoperative planning. Patients and surgeons completed questionnaires evaluating the quality and usefulness of the models.ResultsThe 3-D models improved surgeon confidence in their operative approach, influencing the choice of operative approach in the majority of cases. Patients and surgeons reported that the model improved patient comprehension of the surgery during the consent discussion, including risks and benefits of the surgery. Model production time was as little as 4 days, and the average per-model cost was $350.Conclusions3-D printed models are useful presurgical tools from both surgeon and patient perspectives. Development of local hospital-based 3-D printing capabilities enables model production with rapid turnaround and modest cost, representing a value-added service for radiologists to offer their surgical colleagues.     

Predictors of Perioperative Vancouver B Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures Associated With the Direct Anterior Approach to Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundThere is an association between intraoperative and postoperative femoral fractures and the direct anterior approach (DAA) to total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of our study is to identify risk factors for Vancouver B fractures and to establish a predictable timeline for when these occur.MethodsWe retrospectively identified patients with Vancouver B periprosthetic femoral fractures (n = 49) after 11,509 elective primary cementless THA procedures through the DAA between 2012 and 2018 at a single institution. Fracture patients were matched to nonfracture patients (n = 267) by date of surgery and surgeon. Clinical and radiographic factors were collected for multivariable analysis to identify predictors of fracture.ResultsPeriprosthetic Vancouver B femoral fracture incidence was 0.4%. 48 (98%) fractures were postoperative. Fractures occurred at an average of 44 days after surgery (range: 1 to 653 days) with >85% of fractures occurring in the first 6 weeks postoperatively. Significant variables predictive of fracture included >3 degrees valgus and >5 degrees varus coronal stem malalignment, Dorr B and C femoral geometry, lower canal flare index (2.75 vs 3.20), advanced age, increased comorbidities, greater stem canal fill, and right-sided procedures.ConclusionDespite an overall low rate of Vancouver B perioperative periprosthetic femoral fractures, it is a devastating complication that typically presents within the first 6 weeks after DAA THA surgery. The risk is increased in patients with unfavorable proximal femoral geometry, coronal stem malalignment, advanced age, increased comorbidities, and right-sided procedures.     

The Outcome of Modified Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy in Revision THA for Vancouver B2/B3 Periprosthetic Fractures of the Femur

We hypothesised that a modified ETO in patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for treatment of Vancouver B2/B3 peri-prosthetic fractures would be associated with good clinical outcomes. A retrospective review was conducted of 34 patients (mean age 73 years). At mean follow-up of 57 months, the ETO had healed in all patients. Two patients had subsidence of the femoral stem at two and three years postoperatively requiring revision, and one patient had a dislocation 3 months after surgery. The mean Harris Hip Score at the time of the final follow-up was 76.9 (range, 46–95); 23/34 patients had an excellent result, 7/34 a good result, and 4/34 a poor result. We conclude that satisfactory outcomes can be obtained using this technique.     

The Effect of Strut Allograft and Its Position on Vancouver Type B1 Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures: A Biomechanical Study

The aim of this study is to assess the biomechanical advantage of adding strut allograft and the effect of its position on the construct in Vancouver type B1 fractures. Fifteen forth-generation synthetic femurs were used and created a fracture model at the tip of prosthesis, and subsequently fixated with a lateral plate only, lateral plate and medial strut, lateral plate and anterior strut. Rotational and axial tests were performed. In all loading tests, the plate with medial strut group was stiffer than the other constructs and had higher failure load values and had less displacement in the fracture site. A combination of a plate with a medial strut allograft provides more mechanical stability on periprosthetic femoral fractures near the tip of a total hip arthroplasty.     

复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏联合二氧化碳点阵激光对增生性瘢痕患者VSS评分及复发率的影响

目的探讨复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏联合二氧化碳(CO2)点阵激光治疗增生性瘢痕(HS)患者的临床效果.方法选取2017年7月~2018年6月我院HS患者60例,按随机数字表法分为试验组(n=30)与对照组(n=30),对照组予以复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏,试验组予以复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏联合CO2点阵激光.对比两组疗效、不良反应发生率,记录两组治疗前后温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)水平;随访1年,对比两组复发率.结果试验组总有效率96.67%(29/30)较对照组80.00%(24/30)高(P<0.05);治疗后,试验组VSS、VAS评分较对照组低(P<0.05);治疗后,试验组血清VEGF、TGF-β水平较对照组低(P<0.05);试验组不良反应发生率10.00%(3/30)与对照组6.67%(2/30)对比无显著差异(P>0.05);试验组复发率3.70%(1/27)较对照组23.81%(5/21)低(P<0.05).结论复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏联合CO2点阵激光治疗HS患者效果显著,可减轻疼痛,下调血清VEGF、TGF-β水平,促使瘢痕恢复,降低复发率,且未明显增加不良反应发生率,值得临床推广应用.     

复方倍他米松联合5-氟尿嘧啶在增生性瘢痕中的应用效果分析

【摘要】 目的 对比分析复方倍他米松联合 5-氟尿嘧啶与单纯复方倍他米松注射治疗小面积增生性瘢痕的临床效果。方法 选取 2018年1月至2019 年7月毕节市第一人民医院收治的36例小面积增生性瘢痕患者作为研究对象, 按照随机数表法将其随机分为观察组与对照组, 每组18例。观察组患者采用复方倍他米松联合 5-氟尿嘧啶注射治疗, 对照组患者单纯采用复方倍他米松注射治疗, 对比观察两组患者温哥华瘢痕量表 (VSS) 评分及临床疗效。结果 治疗结束后1个月, 观察组患者VSS评分为 (2.00±0.77) 分, 明显低于对照组患者的VSS评分 (6.22±1.93) 分 (t = 8.616, P < 0.001); 随访1年后, 观察组患者中治愈8例、显效10例, 明显优于对照组患者的治愈3例、显效11例、无效4例 (Z = - 2.340, P = 0.019)。结论 与单纯应用复方倍他米松相比,应用复方倍他米松联合5-氟尿嘧啶治疗小面积增生性瘢痕可有效促进瘢痕组织消退, 改善瘢痕症状, 疗效更显著。     

The quest for well‐being: self‐identified needs of women in chronic pain

Scand J Caring Sci; 2011; 25; 81–91
The quest for well‐being: self‐identified needs of women in chronic pain Women suffer more chronic pain in most Western countries than men, with considerable consequences for the sufferers. The aim of this phenomenological research was to study self‐reported needs of women in chronic pain. The data consisted of ten in‐depth interviews, which lasted from 60 to 120 minutes each, with five women in chronic pain, aged 36–53. Twelve needs were identified in the study, which were categorized into three clusters of needs or major quests: The quest to learn to live with the pain, which involves the need for diagnosis; the need to find effective treatment and keep the pain tolerable; the need for helpful advice and information and the need to take care of self and for a different pace and a new life pattern. The quest for support, caring and connection which involves the need for someone close who cares; the need to be connected to others and have someone to care for; the need for practical support e.g. financial support and household assistance and the need for professional support and caring. Finally, the quest for normalcy which involves the need to avoid the sick role and maintain a sense of dignity; the need to focus on personal strengths and prevent discouragement and depression; the need to be involved in decision‐making regarding own care and treatment and the need to participate in family and social activities to fight isolation and loneliness. The overriding theme in all these quests is the quest for well‐being; physically, mentally, emotionally and socially. Conflicting needs created five major dilemmas in the women’s lives. Women in chronic pain may be seen in any clinical setting and health professionals need to be able to recognize their needs in order to be able to give effective care, to cooperate with them and empower them.