Renal growth after neonatal urinary tract infection

This study presents the result of 12–21 years' follow-up in a group of children with neonatal urinary tract infection (onset within 1 month after birth) in whom early renal growth retardation was noted without concomitant classical renal scarring. In all cases the neonatal infection was diagnosed and treated within a few days of onset and the patients were closely supervised thereafter. Renal length, parenchymal thickness and area were measured at urography. At first follow-up (22 children, mean age 4.1 years) a significant reduction of renal parenchymal thickness was noted. Long-term follow-up (18 patients, mean age 17 years) demonstrated a normalization of renal size in the entire group, although less complete in the subgroup with reflux. There were two major findings in the present study. Firstly, renal growth retardation was seen after neonatal infection, both with and without reflux. Secondly, normalization of renal size in previously small kidneys was demonstrated, suggesting that growth retardation can be a reversible phenomenon. The tendency for such normalization was slightly more marked in children without reflux. Reduction of parenchymal thickness without calyceal deformity, therefore, does not necessarily mean irreversible damage, and differentiation between permanent scarring and temporary growth retardation can thus only be made at later follow-up, possibly not until after puberty. The demonstration of renal growth retardation in spite of early diagnosis and treatment emphasizes the great vulnerability of the kidney in the newborn.     

全膀胱切除回肠膀胱术15年总结(附196例报告)

目的　评价全膀胱切除治疗膀胱肿瘤的疗效及回肠膀胱术的远期效果。　方法　回顾性分析 1985年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 1月膀胱肿瘤行全膀胱切除回肠膀胱术 196例的临床资料。　结果　膀胱肿瘤累及膀胱颈部或膀胱三角区者 12 6例 (6 4.3 % ) ,浸润性膀胱癌 145例 (74.0 % ) ,移行细胞癌183例 (93.4% )。术后发生近期并发症 19例 (9.7% ) ,远期并发症 10例 (7.4% )。 135例随访 1～ 15年 ,平均 6 .6年 ,5年生存率 6 6 .2 %。　结论　全膀胱切除是浸润性膀胱癌首选治疗方法 ,回肠膀胱术简单易行 ,长期随访显示其并发症少 ,疗效确切 ,仍是一种较为理想的尿流改道方式。     

全去带乙状结肠原位可控膀胱术25例随访报告

目的：探讨全去带乙状结肠原位可控膀胱术的临床效果。方法：对25例施行该术式术后患者的可控性、尿动力、血清电解质、肾功能、生活质量等进行随访观察。结果：25例随访2－15个月，平均11．3个月。白天完全自控排尿25例（100％）；夜间完全自控排尿24例（96．0％），1例偶有遗尿；贮尿囊容量220－370ml，平均320ml；贮尿囊内压力1．86－3．92kPa，平均2.44kPa。IVU及贮尿囊造影示单侧贮尿囊输尿管反流2例（8．0％），无肾积水；膀胱镜检查2例（8．0％）贮尿囊内出现细沙样结石，1例（4．0％）贮尿囊后尿道吻合口狭窄，经尿道直视内切开术治愈。15例（60．0％）男性患者保留性功能，肾功能正常，1例（4．0％）出现一过性高氯血症。结论：全去带乙状结肠原位可控膀胱术手术成功率高，疗效可靠，患者生活质量高，是一种较理想的尿路分流术，值得推广。     

尿路子宫内膜异位症(附3例报告)

目的：重视尿路子宫内膜异位症，探讨其诊断,治疗方法，方法：对3例尿路子宫内膜异位症的临床表现和B超，CT，膀胱镜征象以及治疗方法进行分析。结果：术前明确诊断2例，术中发现1例，术后均病理证实，无复发，痊愈出院，疗效满意。结论：确诊需靠腔镜检查或手术探查，诊断应强调详细地询问病史，治疗方法的选择决定于子宫内膜异位症的部位。     

膀胱肿瘤2350例临床病理学特点分析

目的 探讨膀胱肿瘤的发病现状、总体趋势和病理特点.方法 整理1980-2007年2350例膀胱肿瘤病理档案,分为1980-1989、1990-1999和2000-2007年3个时间段.应用SPSS 13.0软件分析3时间段患者性别、年龄及肿瘤组织学类型间的关系.结果 2350例膀胱肿瘤中男1854例,女496例.良性92例,恶性2258例,膀胱恶性肿瘤的发病人数逐年上升.发病高峰年龄从50～69岁推迟到60～79岁.1980-1989、1990-1999和2000-2007年3个时间段中男、女恶性肿瘤病例数分别为524例和113例(4.64:11 00)、589例和164例(3.59:1.00)、675例和193例(3.50:1.00),男性约为女性的3.80倍;3时间段男性发生膀胱尿路上皮癌年龄分别为(57.5±11.7)、(62.6±12.3)、(65.9±11.3)岁,女性分别为(58.7±13.6)、(60.7±12.1)、(65.8±12.0)岁,男女各年龄段分别比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).男性发生鳞状细胞癌、尿路上皮癌和腺癌年龄分别为(68.05±9.7)、(59.85±14.1)、(63.4±9.9)岁,差异有统计学意义(P相似文献   

环氧合酶-2反义核酸对膀胱癌细胞恶性表型的抑制作用

目的探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)反义核酸对膀胱癌细胞恶性表型的抑制作用。方法采用脂质体介导方法,分别构建转染COX-2反义真核表达载体和空载体的膀胱癌细胞系5637-AS细胞和5637-P细胞,RT-PCR及W estern b lot分析转染细胞COX-2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平。MTT比色实验、Boyden侵袭小室法和裸鼠成瘤实验分别检测转染细胞体外增殖速度、体外侵袭力和体内成瘤性。结果RT-PCR结果显示,5637-AS细胞COX-2/磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)mRNA比值(0.65)明显低于5637(0.92)和5637-P细胞(0.90);W estern b lot提示5637-AS细胞COX-2/β-actin比值(0.29)明显低于5637细胞(0.46)和5637-P细胞(0.44)。MTT比色实验显示5637-AS细胞较5637-P、5637细胞生长速度减慢,三者倍增时间分别为3.6 d、2.9 d和2.9 d。体外侵袭实验结果表明,5637-AS侵袭细胞数显著低于5637细胞及5637-P细胞(18.20±5.97比45.40±8.12,18.20±5.97比44.10±6.47,P<0.01)。裸鼠成瘤实验中,5637-P、5637细胞接种裸鼠后第5天肿瘤长出,而5637-AS细胞第7天肿瘤长出;30 d后5637-AS细胞接种组瘤体重量(392.15 mg±33.58 mg)明显小于5637细胞(738.26 mg±66.32 mg),和5637-P细胞接种组(698.53 mg±88.76 mg),P<0.01。结论膀胱癌细胞中COX-2过表达与细胞的恶性表型相关,反义技术抑制COX-2表达可以逆转膀胱癌细胞的恶性表型。     

MRI evaluation of bulky tumor masses in the mesentery and bladder involvement in peritoneal carcinomatosis

AIM: Peritonectomy procedures with intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia are an effective but costly treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). Consequently a proper selection of patients is necessary. We evaluated the benefit of MRI prior to surgery, in the detection of two of the main surgery contraindications: bulky mesenteric tumors and bladder implants. METHODS: Three experts retrospectively reviewed abdominal and pelvic MRI from 19 cases of surgically proved PC (ovary: 7; colorectal: 7; gastric: 2; pseudomyxoma peritonei: 2; appendix: 1). RESULTS: Mesenteric tumors were always identified as hypersignal masses on axial and coronal fat suppression gadolinium-enhanced T1 images (n=3). Three out of five bladder implants were detected. The two cases of bladder implants that were not detected on MRI were missed because the bladder was not filled. The best sequence for the detection of bladder involvement was axial T2-weighted images with bladder filling. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating the preoperative resectability of PC is crucial for patient management. MRI seems to reliably detect bulky mesenteric tumors and bladder implants on condition the bladder is filled and appropriate sequences are used.     

CD44分子与乳腺癌

CD44分子属于黏附分子家族中的一员，其CD44的异常表达与乳腺癌的发生、发展和转移密切相关。近年来研究表明乳腺癌干细胞表面高度表达CD44分子，针对CD44分子与乳腺癌干细胞关系的研究，将为乳腺癌的临床治疗提供新的靶点。     

臂丛神经闭合性损伤和肿瘤的超声诊断

目的探讨高频超声在诊断臂丛神经闭合性损伤和肿瘤中的价值。方法用高频超声检查和诊断6例创伤性臂丛神经损伤与3例臂丛神经肿瘤，随机选择12例健康成年人作为正常对照组，观察臂丛神经的正常超声图像。结果高频超声显示斜角肌间隙和锁骨下动脉是臂丛神经检查的重要解剖标志，正常臂丛神经长轴显示多条线性平行回声，短轴呈圆形中等回声，内有点状弱回声，C5-7和上、中干显示率为100％（12／12），C8、T1和下干显示率为83．3％（10／12）。6例臂丛神经损伤显示神经增粗水肿，部分正常束状回声消失或不连续，内部点线回声不清，呈略低回声与周围软组织粘连。3例臂丛神经肿瘤显示为实性瘤样低回声与臂丛神经相连续，其内有血流信号，其中2例为超声检查最早诊断。结论高频超声可作为检查臂丛神经闭合性损伤和肿瘤的首选方法，值得临床推广应用。