腹腔镜手术使用超声刀对手术室二氧化碳浓度影响研究

将行经腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者80例,随机分为超声刀组(A组),高频电刀组(B组)。分别于手术开始前15min、手术开始后15 min、手术开始后30 min监测手术室内CO2浓度。与手术开始前15 min比较,两组手术室内CO2浓度均升高(P0.05);手术开始后15 min及30 min,A组室内CO2浓度较B组低(P0.05)。腹腔镜手术中使用超声刀可明显降低手术室内CO2浓度。     

联合使用药物促卵泡发育及排卵在超声监测下的效果评价

目的在超声监测下观察使用中西药物促排卵前后卵泡发育及排卵的情况。评价药物效果。方法对2008年1月至2010年6月在我院妇产科门诊就诊不孕症210例患者进行常规用药前妇科检查及用药后卵泡发育及排卵监测,观察三个周期,观察有无优势卵泡、排卵率、妊娠率、卵泡黄素化及卵巢过度刺激综合征等情况。结果 210例不孕症患者经克罗米芬（CC）和尿促性素（HMG）促卵泡生长及绒促性素（HCG）促排卵,辅以中药和其他对症治疗药物,促排卵。据使用药物的不同,分成三组观察药物疗效,一组,cc组,二组,HMG组,三组,联合用药组。三组的优势卵泡率分别为46%,64%,94%;排卵率分别为30%,46%78%;受孕率分别为11%,28%,57%;无优势卵泡率分别为：34%,22%,5%。卵泡黄素化率分别为：14%,0.9%,0.1%;卵巢过度刺激率分别为：0.9%,0.4%,0%。结论 CC＋HMG＋HCG＋中药联合应用促排卵效果较好,而且大大减少了并发症的发生,因此cc＋HMG＋HCG＋中药是不孕患者安全有效的治疗方法,同时大大提高了受孕率,成为不孕症患者的首选。     

产前超声诊断胎儿先天性心脏病中染色体核型异常的分析

目的调查分析产前超声筛查后确诊先天性心脏病胎儿中染色体异常的分布,探讨先天性心脏病的病因,提高产前诊断率。方法对2011年1月至2013年6月在本院产前诊断中心产科门诊B超诊断的先天性心脏病胎儿进行羊水或脐带血的染色体核型检查,并综合分析先天性心脏病畸形分类和染色体异常的关系。结果确诊的70例先天性心脏病病例中,伴染色体异常者18例,占25.71%（18/70）,其中21-三体7例,18-三体7例,13-三体2例,X单体2例。先天性心脏病合并心外畸形的胎儿22例,其中有14例（63.64%）染色体检查发现异常,仅有先天性心脏病的胎儿核型分析发现4例染色体异常,占单纯先天性心脏病的8.33%（4/48）。CHD胎儿中,100%的13-三体、85.71%的18-三体、71.43%的21-三体和50%的X单体均不同程度的伴有心外器官的畸形。结论染色体异常是产前B超诊断的先天性心脏病,尤其是复杂型先天性心脏病或有合并其他心外畸形的主要病因。对于B超筛查出的复杂型先天性心脏病或有合并其他心外畸形的胎儿,应重视其染色体的检查。     

超声手术刀组织切割的实验研究

用国产超声手术刀，在大白兔活体上进行切割实验．并与普通手术刀和高频电刀进行了比较．结果显示超声手术刀的组织切割速度和切缘整齐情况不及普通手术刀，但有一定的止血功能，组织损伤不如高额电刀大，也不引起肌肉收缩，无组织烧焦气味；术后切缘愈合良好．认为超声手术刀更适合于肝、脾等实质性组织的切割．如在操作柄、刀具、仪器性能等方面能进一步改进，应用效果会更好。     

"Laughing" rats and the evolutionary antecedents of human joy?

Paul MacLean's concept of epistemics-the neuroscientific study of subjective experience-requires animal brain research that can be related to predictions concerning the internal experiences of humans. Especially robust relationships come from studies of the emotional/affective processes that arise from subcortical brain systems shared by all mammals. Recent affective neuroscience research has yielded the discovery of play- and tickle-induced ultrasonic vocalization patterns ( approximately 50-kHz chirps) in rats may have more than a passing resemblance to primitive human laughter. In this paper, we summarize a dozen reasons for the working hypothesis that such rat vocalizations reflect a type of positive affect that may have evolutionary relations to the joyfulness of human childhood laughter commonly accompanying social play. The neurobiological nature of human laughter is discussed, and the relevance of such ludic processes for understanding clinical disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), addictive urges and mood imbalances are discussed.     

造影剂超声图像的纹理与心腔内压力相关性研究

用计盒分形模拟分析经静脉注射Levovist声学造影剂后在二次谐波成像方式下的超声图像纹理变化，研究发现左心室区域超声图像的分形维数D和分形辅助特征量C（L）在连续心动周期中具有规律性变化，即分形维数D的最大值出现在舒张末期，最小值出现在收缩末期，随着心室收缩期开始，D值由大变小，而舒张期开始，D值又由小变大；而分形辅助特征得C（L）的最大值出现在收缩末期附近，最小值出现在舒张末期附近，从左室收缩期开始到收缩末期之间C（L）具有由小变大的趋势，舒张期开始到舒张末期之间具有由大变小的趋势。它们的这种变化与左心室内压力的变化情况十分相似，可见造影剂超声图像的分形纹理特征与心腔内压力的变化具有相关性。研究结果表明这种相关性有可能用于无创地测量心腔内压力。     

Effects of Genetic Background,Gender, and Early Environmental Factors on Isolation-Induced Ultrasonic Calling in Mouse Pups: An Embryo-Transfer Study

Infant rodents emit ultrasonic vocalizations when isolated from dam and littermates. Due to the context of their occurrence and the well described bidirectional modulation by substances known for their capability to influence emotionality, it was postulated that such calls reflect a negative affective state akin anxiety. Comparative studies observed pronounced differences in calling behavior between strains, which were paralleled by differences in maternal care. Therefore, it was recently hypothesized that early environmental factors may have strong impact on call production. Here, the relative contributions of genetic background, gender, and early environmental factors on calling behavior in C57BL/6JOlaHsd and C57BL/6NCrl were studied by using an embryo-transfer procedure. The results show that these sub-strains differ in the amount of calling and specific call features, like call frequency and amplitude. The embryo-transfer procedure indicated that the observed differences in the amount of ultrasonic calling are dependent on the dyadic interaction between mother and pup. Conversely, call features were primarily dependent on the genotype of the pup. Thus, call frequency and frequency modulation were solely dependent on the pup, i.e. its genotype and gender. However, there was one exception, namely call amplitude, which was solely dependent on the genotype of the mother, i.e. on early environmental factors. Furthermore, it was shown that particularly changes in call amplitude might be of high functional relevance, since a sub-strain dependent preference towards pups emitting calls with high amplitudes was observed. In total, it can be concluded that both genomic and nongenomic factors can tune calling behavior in mouse pups.     

基于USB2.0的医用内窥镜超声探头旋转扫描成像系统

介绍基于USB2．0接口的医用超声内窥镜旋转扫描成像的设计与实现。根据超声成像的特点，本系统采取脉冲回波成像方式，文中介绍了超声波激发、接收电路以及收发隔离电路。针对旋转扫描的特点，设计了基于FPGA的同步控制电路和基于USB2．0接口的数据传输电路。对采集到的原始图像，进行坐标变换，获得了按直角坐标显示的灰度图像。利用连续旋转马达对实际物体扫描成像的实验结果，验证了系统的正确性。     

基于边界特征的乳腺肿瘤超声图像识别

通过对乳腺肿瘤边界特征的分析，得到边界的特征量似圆度，面积比率，长宽比组成的特征矢量，最后用反向传播人工神经网络（BP）的算法对经病理证实的119幅乳腺良、恶性肿块超声图像进行分类识别。BP神经网络对良、恶性肿瘤正确识别率分别为89．7％、73．5N。量化后的乳腺超声图像肿瘤轮廓特征结合BP神经网络可以比较有效的用于肿瘤的良、恶性识别。     

中药雾化对慢性单纯性鼻炎鼻腔粘膜微循环血流量的影响

目的:探讨中药雾化吸入对慢性单纯性鼻炎患者鼻腔粘膜微循环血流量的影响。方法:60例患者采用复方丹参、鱼腥草注射液超声雾化治疗3疗程。分别于治疗前后采用吸入性氢气清除法测定鼻粘膜微循环血流量的变化。结果:慢性单纯性鼻炎鼻粘膜微循环血流量较健康对照组明显减低,经雾化治疗后得到明显改善,其差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:慢性单纯性鼻炎患者经中药雾化治疗后鼻粘膜微循环血流量明显增加,临床效果较好。