Tumeurs épithéliales thymiques : actualités dans la prise en charge en France

Thymic epithelial neoplasms are rare malignancies with about 250 new incident cases in France every year. The WHO histologic classification distinguishes thymoma and thymic carcinoma which are tumors with different biological and clinical behaviors and outcomes. The Masaoka-Koga staging system is considered as a reference and is also of prognosis value. Diagnosis, multimodal treatment and follow-up of thymic epithelial neoplasms require a multidisciplinary approach where surgery is the cornerstone treatment. A national expert center coordinates thymic epithelial neoplasms management with 12 other regional expert centers through the French organization named RYTHMIC (www.rythmic.org). Patient's files have to be discussed at regional or national multidisciplinary staff. A group of expert pathologists will centrally review tumors when the diagnosis or classification is a matter of controversy. Among its objectives, RYHTMIC has to promote medical education, patient's information and research. This review focuses on RYTHMIC guidelines and data regarding multimodal management and targeted therapies in epithelial thymic neoplasms.     

早期梅尼埃病患者前庭诱发肌源性电位的特征

目的 建立听力室前庭诱发肌源性电位（VEMPs）潜伏期、耳间潜伏期差值、振幅比及耳间不对称率等参数的正常值,分析早期梅尼埃病患者的VEMPs特征。方法 随机选取听力正常的健康成人39例,用于建立VEMPs正常值范围并用作健康对照;对单侧发病的早期梅尼埃病患者37例,行双侧VEMPs检测,分析其VEMPs特征。结果 37例单侧发病的早期梅尼埃病患者中,患侧未能引出者11例,双侧未能引出者4例,另外15例患侧VEMPs的异常表现可为p13或n23潜伏期延长、耳间潜伏期差值延长、振幅增强或减弱等,总异常率为81.08%。结论 当VEMPs的耳间潜伏期差值表现为延长、振幅表现为增强或减弱时,对早期梅尼埃病的诊断有显著意义。     

Reduced dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin versus full dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection bladder tumor: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Bladder cancer is widely known as the most common malignant tumor in the urinary tract,with 75％-85％ of patients suffering from nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).However,the optimal d...     

Spatial Distribution of Head and Neck Cancer in Chiang Mai,Thailand

Background: The incidence of Head and neck (HN) cancers in Thailand is rising and survival rates not improving. Variations of its incidence among geographical areas may due to various contributing factors. Methods: We focused on data from 25 districts within Chiang Mai province, Thailand. The temporal change was described separately into two periods, 2007-2012 and 2013-2018. The OpenBUGS and the Quantum Geographic Information System were utilized to determine the geographical patterns in the incidence of HN cancer and focus on oropharynx. Results: The number of new cases of HN cancer was 1,186, of which 835 cases (70%) were male. Among those patients 548 diagnosed in 2007-2012 and 638 diagnose in 2013-2018. High risk patterns of both overall HN and oropharyngeal cancer incidences were found in the central and southern areas of the province in 2007-2013. However, the geographical patterns of the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer showed the changed pattern, with high RR in central and northern areas in more recent period. Over two periods, the RR of the cancers incidence decrease. The RR of oropharyngeal increased in Fang district and it remained high in Mueang district. Conclusion: This study have highlighted specific areas with a high risk of head and neck cancer and oropharyngeal cancer incidences in Chiang Mai province, along with the spatial inequalities in their distributions, with cluster formation. These results may be helpful in guiding any strategy put in place to respond to the high risk incidence of the cancers in specific areas.     

Manual Lymphatic Drainage for Upper Limb Lymphedema: A Clinician’s Perspective for its Adaptation<br/>Adapter le Drainage Lymphatique Manuel pour le Lymphœdème du Membre Supérieur: Point de vue de Cliniciens

Upper limb lympedema is a frequent consequence of breast cancer treatment. The International Society of Lymphology recommends physical therapy for lymphedema management. This treatment includes a combination of manual lymphatic drainage and high-compression bandaging. Actually, the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage remains an area of controversy, especially because of the many different techniques called “manual lymphatic drainage” since 1930. The purpose of this review was to emphasise the efficacy of these different techniques according to physiological data and evidence-based practice. To improve the manual lymphatic drainage efficiency, the pressure, sometimes important, should be tailored to each edema and the techniques had to consider altered lymphatic drainage patterns. The methods used by physical therapist in the studies should be specified for higher lightness.

Résumé
Le lymphœdème du membre supérieur est une séquelle du traitement des cancers du sein. Le traitement physique des lymphœdèmes est recommandé par la Société internationale de lymphologie. Il associe drainage lymphatique manuel et bandages de décongestion. Le drainage lymphatique manuel a fait l’objet de critiques quant à son effi- cacité. Or depuis son invention dans les années 1930, de très nombreuses techniques s’intitulent « drainage lymphatique manuel ». Les auteurs distinguent l’efficacité de ces différentes techniques en fonction des données de la physiologie lymphatique et de la démonstration de ses effets basée sur les faits. Pour améliorer son efficacité, le drainage lymphatique manuel doit être appliqué sur l’œdème avec une pression adaptée à la consistance de l’œdème, parfois élevée. Les manœuvres doivent prendre en considération les trajets remaniés des collecteurs lymphatiques. Les études qui l’utilisent doivent décrire la technique utilisée.     

恶性黑棘皮病并发Leser-Trélat征1例

患者男,72岁。全身褶皱部、乳晕肥厚、色素沉着3个月,周身泛发性丘疹伴剧痒2个月。皮肤科情况:颈部、腋窝、腹股沟、肛周皮肤肥厚、色素沉着,呈绒毛状或乳头瘤样增生,双侧乳头和乳晕角化、色素沉着,颈部、躯干及四肢散在米粒至黄豆大肤色至淡褐色角化性丘疹及斑丘疹。皮损组织病理示(上胸部):表皮角化过度,棘层肥厚,乳头瘤样增生,基底层色素增加;(右侧腹股沟):表皮中度角化过度,乳头瘤样增生,乳头似指样向上凸出,棘层中度肥厚,基底层色素增加,真皮浅层少许淋巴细胞浸润。诊断:恶性黑棘皮病并发Leser-Trélat征。