应用荧光定量PCR检测阴道加特纳菌

目的:确定荧光定量PCR方法检测细菌性阴道病相关细菌阴道加特纳菌的可行性。方法:采用SYBR Green方法建立了阴道加特纳菌荧光定量PCR方法,评价荧光PCR方法的特异性、灵敏度、重复性;并对568例临床分泌物样本进行检测。结果:本实验所建立的荧光定量PCR方法可准确、特异的检测阴道加特纳菌;该方法的灵敏度可达到1拷贝/μl;194例细菌性阴道病患者分泌物标本中荧光定量PCR法检出116例(59.79%)阴道加特纳菌;而在374例非细菌性阴道病患者分泌物标本中荧光定量PCR法检出35例(9.36%)阴道加特纳菌;荧光定量PCR法检出率明显高于细菌培养方法,差异具有显著性,χ2=24.89,P<0.01。结论:荧光定量PCR方法能够应该用于临床分泌物标本中的阴道加特纳菌的检测。     

Elevated Serum Cytokines and Trichomonas vaginalis Serology at Diagnosis Are Not Associated With Higher Gleason Grade or Lethal Prostate Cancer

Background

Inflammation and infections have been associated with prostate cancer progression. We assessed whether elevated serum cytokines or T. vaginalis seropositivity at the time of diagnosis was associated with higher grade or lethal prostate cancer.

五种中药灭阴道毛滴虫体外试验初步研究

本文对５种中药进行了杀灭阴道毛滴虫体外实验的初步研究。结果表明：白头翁、黄柏和青蒿灭虫效果最好，蛇床子和苦参亦有一定的作用。为进一步开发中药防治阴道毛滴虫提供了研究基础资料。     

输精管切断精索鞘膜分隔术240例分析

目的　探讨输精管切断精索鞘膜分隔术的效果,总结男性绝育手术经验。方法　对２４０例输精管切断精索鞘膜分隔术和同期施行的２４２ 例输精管结扎术随访,进行比较和分析总结。结果　两组术后结节发生率有明显差异（ Ｐ＜ ００１） ,感染率有极显著差异（ Ｐ＜ ００５） ,腰痛发生率也有明显差异（ Ｐ＜ ００１） ,均达到绝育目的。结论　输精管切断精索鞘膜分隔术后无痛性结节,腰痛发生率极低,是男性绝育手术的好方法。     

巢式聚合酶链反应检测男性尿道炎患者尿液中阴道毛滴虫

目的 建立两种巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法检测男性尿道炎患者尿液中阴道毛滴虫感染状况,评价两种巢式PCR在临床诊断中的应用价值。 方法 2011年4月至2013年12月来我院性病门诊就诊的1 088例男性尿道炎患者为研究对象,收集尿道拭子标本做分泌物涂片镜检、阴道毛滴虫湿片检测以及淋球菌培养,同时收集尿液标本提取DNA,针对阴道毛滴虫重复基因组和β微管蛋白基因,采用两种巢式PCR法检测尿液中阴道毛滴虫。 结果 湿片法检测阴道毛滴虫的阳性率为0,而两种巢式PCR法均检测出29例阳性标本,阳性率为2.67%,且两种巢式PCR法检测出的阳性标本一致。 结论 与湿片法相比,巢式PCR法检测男性尿液标本阴道毛滴虫具有较高的灵敏度和特异性。     

Trichomonosis and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial

We previously observed a positive association between a history of trichomonosis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis, and prostate cancer risk in the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study. To determine the reproducibility of this finding, we conducted a second, prospective investigation of trichomonosis and prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Participants were men (≥55 years of age) with no evidence of prostate cancer at enrollment (n = 18,882). Men were screened annually for prostate cancer, and if not diagnosed during the trial, were offered an end‐of‐study prostate biopsy. Cases were a sample of men diagnosed with prostate cancer on any biopsy after visit 2 or on their end‐of‐study biopsy (n = 616). Controls were men not diagnosed with prostate cancer during the trial or on their end‐of‐study biopsy (n = 616). Controls were frequency‐matched to cases by age, treatment arm, and family history of prostate cancer. Serum from visit 2 was tested for anti‐T. vaginalis IgG antibodies. No association was observed between T. vaginalis serostatus and prostate cancer. 21.5% of cases and 24.8% of controls had low seropositivity, and 15.2% and 15.0% had high seropositivity. Compared to seronegative men, the odds ratio of prostate cancer for men with low seropositivity was 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63–1.09), and that for men with high seropositivity was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.70–1.34). Given the original strong biologic rationale and potential for prevention, additional studies are warranted to help resolve discrepancies between study findings and to further investigate this hypothesis from a variety of different approaches. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Novel technique for correcting penile curvature with severe hypospadias; Ventral lengthening with tunica vaginalis flap patching

The adequate correction of penile curvature is essential for successful hypospadias surgery. We describe a novel technique to correct severe penile curvature with a tunica vaginalis flap on the penile ventrum. We applied a tunica vaginalis flap to lengthen the ventral aspect of the tunica albuginea in two boys with significant curvature and proximal hypospadias. Tunica vaginalis flap patching to the ventral aspect of the penis is safe and technically feasible. If penile curvature is severe or the penis is small in hypospadiac patients, lengthening the ventral aspect using a tunica vaginalis flap is likely to expand instead of dorsal plication or ventral graft.     

Simple and inexpensive point-of-care tests improve diagnosis of vaginal infections in resource constrained settings

Objective  Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and Trichomonas vaginalis infection (TV) have been associated with adverse birth outcomes and increased risk for HIV. We compare the performance of simple inexpensive point-of-care (POC) tests to laboratory diagnosis and syndromic management of BV and TV in poor settings.
Methods  Between November 2005 and March 2006, 898 sexually active women attending two reproductive health clinics in Mysore, India were recruited into a cohort study investigating the relationship between vaginal flora and HSV-2 infection. Participants were interviewed and screened for reproductive tract infections. Laboratory tests included serology for HSV-2; cultures for TV, Candida sp., and Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Gram stains; and two POC tests: vaginal pH; and Whiff test.
Results  Of the 898 participants, 411 [45.7%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 42.4–49.0%] had any laboratory diagnosed vaginal infection. BV was detected in 165 women (19.1%, 95%CI: 16.5–21.9%) using Nugent score. TV was detected in 76 women (8.5%, 95%CI: 6.7–10.4%) using culture. Among the entire study population, POC correctly detected 82% of laboratory diagnosed BV cases, and 83% of laboratory diagnosed TV infections. Among women with complaints of vulval itching, burning, abnormal vaginal discharge, and/or sores (445/898), POC correctly detected 83% (60 of 72 cases) of laboratory diagnosed BV cases vs. 40% (29 of 72 cases) correctly managed using the syndromic approach ( P  <   0.001). Similarly, POC would have detected 82% (37 of 45 cases) of TV cases vs. 51% (23 of 45 cases) correctly managed using the syndromic approach ( P  =   0.001).
Conclusions  In the absence of laboratory diagnostics, POC is not only inexpensive and practical, but also significantly more sensitive than the syndromic management approach, resulting in less overtreatment.     

长治地区妇女阴道滴虫病流行病学调查

１９９８年６月－１９９９年６月，选择长治市两所医院妇科门诊病人进行阴道滴虫病调查。检查妇女白带１６８６份，阴道滴虫感染率２６．８％；乡村妇女的感染率明显高于城市妇女；各年龄组以３０岁－４０岁组感染率最高；一年四季之间感染率无显著差异。