Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with acellular dermal matrix for repair of urethral injury北大核心

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the development of tissue engineering provides more choices for the repair of urethral injury. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) combined with acellular dermal matrix in the repair of urethral injuries. METHODS: Passage 3 BMSCs from New Zealand white rabbits were inoculated on the acellular dermal matrix to construct tissue-engineered urethra grafts. Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were randomized into three groups (n=12 per group). Experimental group was implanted with BMSCs-acellular dermal matrix complex at urethral injury. Control group was implanted with acellular dermal matrix material at urethral injury. Normal group had neither injury nor treatment. At postoperative 4, 8 and 12 weeks, the repaired urethral tissue was subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining. At postoperative 12 weeks, immunohistochemical staining and urodynamic study were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At postoperative 4 weeks, thin-layer epithelial regeneration was visible in the urethra defect area of the experimental group, and the continuity was better. The urethra mucosa of the control group was discontinuous. At postoperative 8-12 weeks, the urethral epithelial layer in the experimental group became thickened, exhibiting a good continuity with the normal urethral epithelium, thickened mucosa, and smooth and continuous urethral mucosa; the regenerated urethral mucosa of the control group exhibited good continuity, but less regenerated epithelial layers. At postoperative 12 weeks, immunohistochemical results showed the repaired urethra in the experimental group was positive for uroplakin illa, CK AE1/AE3, and α-smooth muscle actm. The maximum urethral pressure in the experimental group showed no significant difference before and after operation, while the postoperative pressure in the control group showed a significant increase (P < 0.05). Overall findings indicate that the combination of BMSCs and acellular dermal matrix has better efficacy than the acellular dermal matrix alone. © 2018, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

Differential expression of microRNAs related to apoptosis in human osteoblasts induced by sodium fluoride北大核心

BACKGROUND: Long-term excessive intake of fluoride, especially through drinking water, can cause chronic fluorosis of bone. The disease can lead to bone damage and deformity, and is difficult to recover. Unfortunately, we have not developed a noninvasive or minimally invasive method for its early diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of apoptosis-related miRNAs under the action of excessive fluorine in human osteoblasts. METHODS: The fluorine model was established in the human osteoblasts by cultured with 20 and 40 mg/L sodium fluoride for 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-related miRNAs were determined by PCR array. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 24-hour treatment of sodium fluoride, 48 kinds of miRNAs were upregulated and 4 ones were down-regulated in the osteoblasts. After 48-hour treatment of sodium fluoride, 21 kinds of miRNAs were upregulated and 2 ones were down-regulated. It showed that nine up-regulated miRNAs and one down-regulated miRNA were same in two periods. The 10 miRNAs are selected for target gene analysis on bioinformatics software that refer to the effect of anti-apoptosis and pro-apoptosis, which is of great significance for the early identification of skeletal fluorosis. © 2018, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

Research and application of the reamer-irrigator-aspirator北大核心

BACKGROUND: Large volume of bone can be harvested by the reamer-irrigation-aspirator (RIA), which can be used for autologous bone graft, because there are many stromal stem cells and a variety of osteogenesis factors in the harvested bone. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the application progress of the RIA. METHODS: PubMed database was retrieved by the first author for RIA-related articles published from January 2000 to May 2017 using the keyword of " reamer-irrigator-aspirator”. A total of 87 articles were searched initially and finally 38 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with harvesting bone tissues from the iliac bone, the RIA can harvest more autologous bone tissues with more bone marrow stromal stem cells. Moreover, the osteogenic effect of the harvested autologous bone is better and there are fewer complications. Therefore, the RIA has been widely used as a method of harvesting non-structural autologous bone tissues. Removal of intramedullary lesions by the RIA is used in the treatment of long bone infection, osteomyelitis and bone tumors, as well as in the removal of intramedullary cement. RIA was originally used as a special reaming during intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures, which could reduce high pressure and high temperature so as to decrease the risks of fat embolism and osteonecrosis. To conclude, the RIA can achieve satisfactory outcomes and result in few complications, but the clinical use is still limited by high cost, frequent fluoroscopy, bleeding and limited indications, as well as risks for iatrogenic fractures and perforation. © 2018, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

Biocompatibility of fully biodegradable polylactic acid and its copolymers: Present and future applications北大核心

BACKGROUND: Polylactic acid and its copolymers have been widely used in biomedical fields because of their good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which have become a hotspot in the research of biomaterials. OBJECTIVE: To review the biocompatibility of fully degradable polylactic acid and its copolymers. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed and CNKI was performed to search relevant papers published from 2006 to 2016, with the key words of " polylactide, polylactic acid, copolymer, biodegradability, biocompatibility, animal” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Polylactic acid and its copolymers as polyester compounds are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in the biomedical field because of their good biocompatibility mainly as drug delivery carriers and temporary implants. Moreover, their side effects in clinical application have attracted attentions. Polylactide copolymers can cause some adverse reactions when used in drug delivery systems, orthopedic and skin care, and other clinical medical fields. These copolymers are deemed to have no impact on the central nervous system, eyes, cardiovessels and other tissues and organs. They also have no virtually genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Currently, the polylactide copolymer implant mainly results in local reactions in the surrounding tissues, and no systemic reactions have been found. © 2018, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

心腔内组织多普勒对心肌兴奋的发生及传导显像的实验研究

目的初步评价心腔内组织多普勒成像（TDI）对心肌激动及传导的显像功能。方法10只开胸犬心室起搏前后，采用心腔内TDI加速度图模式，分别观察窦性心律和室性心律时房、室间隔与室壁的加速度分布变化。结果心腔内TDI加速度图模式可检测到窦性心律时房、室间隔的加速度增高区域的分布与下移过程；心室起搏时检测到的最早的高加速度区与起搏电极放置部位相一致。结论心腔内TDI技术能够实时显示与心肌电活动密切相关的机械运动，从而使观察心肌兴奋的发生和传导成为可能。     

Engineering and repair of diaphragm using biosheet (a collagenous connective tissue membrane) in rabbits

Background

Prosthetic patches can be used to repair large congenital diaphragmatic hernia defects but may be associated with infection, recurrence, and thoracic deformity. Biosheets (collagenous connective tissue membranes) have been used in regenerative medicine. We evaluated the efficacy of Biosheets in a rabbit model.

Decellularized human fetal intestine as a bioscaffold for regeneration of the rabbit bladder submucosa

Purpose

We aim to report a method to create a natural acellular scaffold from human fetal small intestine for augmentation cystoplasty in rabbits.

组织谐波显像在胰腺囊性病变诊断中的价值

目的　探讨组织谐波显像在胰腺囊性病变诊断中的临床价值。方法　经手术病理证实的 3 0例胰腺囊性病变患者行二维超声及组织谐波显像检查 ,对组织谐波显像 (THI)与基波显像 (FI)对比分析。结果　组织谐波显像对囊壁边界及内部回声结构的显示均优于基波显像。结论　组织谐波显像能显著提高图像质量 ,提高胰腺疾病的显示率和诊断的准确性。     

Dragon评分对急性缺血性卒中静脉溶栓近期疗效的预测价值

目的探究急性缺血性卒中患者静脉溶栓前基于Dragon评分对患者14 d结局的预测作用。方法回顾性分析60例接受静脉溶栓[阿替普酶(r-t PA)]的急性脑梗死患者,依据溶栓前的Dragon评分将患者分为3组:A组(评分小于等于3分)、B组(评分等于4分)和C组(评分大于等于5分),比较3组患者的近期(14 d)预后。依据14 d的临床疗效分为优效组和非优效组,采用Logistic回归模型分析Dragon评分对患者14 d结局的预测作用。结果 A组优效率为65.2%、B组为优效率66.7%、C组优效率27.3%,经χ~2检验,A、B之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),A、C组和B、C组之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且C组的治愈和显效病例评分为5分、6分和7分的例均无好的结局。溶栓后14 d 3组颅内出血转化之间差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。二元Logistic回归分析显示Dragon评分与缺血性卒中溶栓患者的优效率有相关性(OR=0.566,95%Cl 0.356~0.900,P=0.016)。结论溶栓前Dragon评分小于5分的急性缺血性卒中患者,具有更加良好的近期(14 d)预后。     

组织型纤溶酶原激活剂基因导入犬血管壁预防血管成形术后再狭窄

目的：组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（ｔ－ＰＡ）基因治疗，为防治血栓性疾病提供了一个可能全新的方法与前景。探索ｔ－ＰＡ基因转移至犬血管壁后基因表达持续的时限以及预防血管成行术后再狭窄的价值。方法：１８条家犬，其中对照组６条，另１２条在形成再狭窄模型时随机分为３０天、６０天和９０天３个观察亚组，每组４条犬，并用多孔球囊输注导管将携带ｔ－ＰＡ基因的逆转录病毒载体直接高压注入冠状动脉及股动脉壁。结果：经过３０天、６０天和９０天不同时间的观察，发现在脱氧核糖核酸（ＤＮＡ）水平（原位杂交、ＤＮＡ印迹）、转录水平［（信使核糖核酸（ｍＲＮＡ）点杂交］及产物水平（免疫组化）等方面均证实ｔ－ＰＡ基因的存在和活性产物表达，而且发现再狭窄组３个月时基因治疗组比对照组的百分狭窄面积小２２．２％。结论：ｔ－ＰＡ基因治疗有一定的预防血管成形术后再狭窄的作用