山药对糖尿病小鼠组织丙二醛含量的影响

目的：观察山药对糖尿病小鼠组织丙二醛（ ＭＤＡ） 含量的影响。方法：采用四氧嘧啶制作糖尿病小鼠模型,并以优降糖作阳性对照,连续２１ 天用不同剂量山药灌胃治疗,比较各组心脏、肝脏、肾脏和胰脏过氧化脂质的终末代谢产物ＭＤＡ 含量。结果：①对照组四器官ＭＤＡ显著高于正常组（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１ 或Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） ;②剂量在６ ．００ｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ－ １ 以上山药各治疗组四器官ＭＤＡ显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０．００１） ;③与优降糖组比,除肝脏ＭＤＡ 较高外（Ｐ＜ ０．００１） ,中、大剂量山药组心、胰、肾组织ＭＤＡ 较低（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） 。结论：山药能明显降低糖尿病小鼠组织内过氧化脂质含量,尤其对心组织作用最强,其次为胰、肾和肝组织,而优降糖对胰组织过氧化脂质无明显影响。     

Effects of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-β, and forskolin on tissue plasminogen activator activity in human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells

Summary The effects of interleukin-1 (IL-1), forskolin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) on tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity were studied in the human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line, G292. t-PA activity was measured in the cell media using the chromogenic substrate, S-2251. After a 24 hour incubation period, IL-1 increased t-PA in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of IL-1 at 10.0 U/ml was partially inhibited in the presence of indomethacin. Forskolin (1.0 M) increased t-PA activity after 24 hours with the effects of combined treatment of IL-1 (1.0 U/ml, 10.0 U/ml) and forskolin being apparently additive in nature. TNF- (10^-8–10^-7 M) also produced increased t-PA activity in the cell medial after a 24 hour incubation period. These results suggest that the cytokines, IL-1 and TNF-, can increase t-PA activity in G292 cells and that there is both a cAMP-dependent as well as a cAMP-independent pathway involved in the regulation of this osteoblastic cell function.     

First experiences with HLA-matched corneal grafts in high risk cases

In highly vascularized corneas the number of graft failures caused by irreversible rejections is higher than in non- or slightly vascularized corneas. The importance of antigen compatibility is demonstrated, especially in these high risk cases.Ten highly vascularized corneas were grafted with HLA-matched donor material; only one reversible rejection was seen in this group.Nine non- or slightly vascularized corneas were grafted with donor material chosen at random. Retrospective HLA matching was performed. Three irreversible rejections were seen in this group. The number of HLA incompatibilities was high.     

Staged TRAM Breast Reconstruction: Combining the Advantages of Tissue Expansion with Surgical Delay

The TRAM flap has become the gold standard in breast reconstruction but suffers from the disadvantages of poor color match, different texture, and impaired sensation compared to the normal breast. This study reports on a two-stage procedure to address these problems. The first stage consists of insertion of a tissue expander and surgical delay of the TRAM flap. The second stage consists of removal of the tissue expander and transposition of a deepithelized TRAM flap into the tissue expanded cavity. (The capsule is excised.) Four cases of breast reconstruction are reported. The advantage of this procedure is that it offers the benefits of tissue expansion, viz., normal color match, texture, and sensation, and in addition, reconstruction is achieved with autologous tissue by a pedicled TRAM flap. The vascularity of the TRAM is enhanced by a surgical delay procedure.     

抗纤软肝冲剂对肝星状细胞胶原降解相关基因表达的影响

目的 从细胞分子水平研究抗纤软肝冲剂对肝星状细胞(HSC)胶原降解的影响。方法 抗纤软肝冲剂药物血清温育传一代HSC，以生理盐水和秋水仙碱为对照。ELISA法测定细胞上清I型胶原，并测定细胞层总蛋白以校正胶原含量；半定量RT—PCR法检测间质胶原酶(MMN)和金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-1(TIMP-1）的mRNA表达。结果 抗纤软肝冲剂组细胞上清中的I型胶原含量明显低于其他两组(P＜0．05或P＜0．01)；明显促进细胞MMN的mRNA表达(P＜0．05或P＜0.01)，显著抑制细胞TIMP-1的mRNA表达(P＜0．05或P＜0．01)。结论 抗纤软肝冲剂能促进MMN基因表达，抑制TIMP-1基因表达，从而促进胶原降解，这可能是该方抗肝纤维化的细胞分子学机制之一。     

同侧锁骨翻转修复肱骨近端肿瘤性骨缺损(附6例报告)

目的 观察同侧锁骨翻转修复肱骨近端肿瘤性骨缺损的临床治疗效果。方法 应用该方法治疗6例肱骨近端骨肿瘤。男2例,女4例,平均年龄28.9岁。骨巨细胞瘤3例,软骨肉瘤、转移癌和骨纤维肉瘤术后复发各1例。结果 所有患者均顺利完成手术。1例失访,5例随访6～40个月。1例死亡,1例移植锁骨骨折,3例骨愈合良好,2例显示锁骨增粗。结论 同侧锁骨翻转是修复肱骨近端肿瘤性骨缺损的一种可行的方法。     

皮瓣和肌皮瓣修复头颈组织缺损30例报告

目的：探讨皮瓣、肌皮瓣移植修复耳鼻咽喉科组织缺损的作用。方法：采用前臂皮瓣、胸大肌皮瓣、额正中皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣、脐旁腹直肌皮瓣修复或重建耳鼻咽喉科组织缺损30例。结果：29例皮瓣存活，1例额正中皮瓣失败。结论：皮瓣、肌皮瓣应用于耳鼻咽喉科较大组织缺损的移植修复，安全可靠、成功率高，但应掌握一定的原则，预防并发症的发生。     

组织激肽释放酶基因调控序列多态性与高血压关系的初步分析

目的　初步探讨组织激肽释放酶基因调控序列启动子多态性与中国人原发性高血压 (EH)的相关性。方法　应用PCR技术结合等位基因特异寡核苷酸片段分析 (ASO)方法 ,对 40例EH患者和正常人的组织激肽释放酶基因用A、B两种探针检测 ,比较两组间的等位基因分布频率差异 ,初步分析该SNP位点与高血压的关系。结果　组织激肽释放酶基因A、B型在对照组中频率为 65 %、10 % ,在高血压组中频率为 60 %、10 % ,两组比较有差异 ,但无统计学意义。结论　在中国汉族人群中 ,该基因位点确实有多态性 ;A、B两型均有分布 ,以A型最广     

皮肤角质形成细胞的无血清培养方法

目的探索建立少量成年自体皮肤角质形成细胞体外无血清培养体系,为自体组织工程皮肤的构建与移植奠定物质基础。方法:无菌条件下,取2cm×2cm 兔耳皮肤组织块,Dispase 消化,分离真表皮,表皮以胰蛋白酶+EDTA 消化获得角质形成细胞,以含钙和不含钙的角质形成细胞培养液(K-SFM),按不同细胞密度接种于24孔板,观察细胞生长状况;免疫组化鉴定,MTT 法测定不同血清浓度对角质形成细胞增殖分化的影响。结果:在适当的 Ca~(2+)浓度下,少量自体角质形成细胞能够在无血清培养液 k-SFM 中培养扩增,最多可传4～6代。添加血清后可明显加速细胞分化。结论:无血清培养体系适用于少量成年自体角质形成细胞的体外连续培养扩增,培养的细胞可用于自体组织工程皮肤的构建。     

深低温冷冻大段同种异体骨移植修复四肢骨肿瘤切除后大段骨缺损

目的：分析大段同种异体骨移植在治疗四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损中的疗效。方法：对30例四肢骨肿瘤．按Enneking分期原则确定切除范围，进行瘤段广泛切除，大段异体骨移植修复骨缺损，平均移植骨段13．6cm，并辅以坚强内固定，对高恶性骨肿瘤进行术前、后化疗。结果：随访4～53个月，治疗满意率为85％，主要并发症是感染、局部复发、肺转移死亡，其发生率为20％，保肢率为80％。结论：大段同种异体骨移植，在治疗四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损方面是一种有效可行的方法。