Adhesive Joints of Additively Manufactured Adherends: Ultrasonic Evaluation of Adhesion Strength

Adhesive joints are widely used in the construction of machines and motor vehicles. Manufacturers replace them with the welding and spot-welding methods due to the lack of damage to the material structure in the joint area. Moreover, it is aimed at reducing the weight of vehicles and producing elements with complex shapes. Therefore, additive manufacturing technology has been increasingly used in the production stage. This fact has not only changed the view on the possibilities of further development of the production technology itself, but it has also caused an intense interest among a greater number of companies in the advantages of structural optimization. There is a natural relationship between these two areas in the design and production, allowing for almost unlimited possibilities of designing new products. The main goal of the research described in this article was to determine the correlation between the strength of the adhesive joint of elements produced using additive technology and the parameters of the ultrasonic wave propagating in the area of the adhesive bond. The tests were carried out on samples made of AlSiMg0.6 material and a structural adhesive. Strength tests were performed to determine the shear force which damaged the joint. Furthermore, an ultrasonic echo technique enabling the determination of a nondestructive measure of the quality and strength of the joint was developed. The samples of the adhesive joints had a strength of about 18.75–28.95 MPa, which corresponded to an ultrasonic measure range of 4.6–7.8 dB. The determined regression relationship had a coefficient of determination at the level of 0.94. Additional ultrasonic tests of materials made with the additive technology confirmed its different acoustic properties in relation to aluminum produced with the standard casting or extrusion process. Designated dependence combining the mechanical strength and the decibel difference between the first and second impulses from the bottom of the joint may constitute the basis for the development of a nondestructive technique for testing the strength of adhesive joints.     

Manufacturing of a Magnetic Composite Flexible Filament and Optimization of a 3D Printed Wideband Electromagnetic Multilayer Absorber in X-Ku Frequency Bands

With the multiplication of electronic devices in our daily life, there is a need for tailored wideband electromagnetic (EM) absorbers that could be conformed on any type of surface-like antennas for interference attenuation or military vehicles for stealth applications. In this study, a wideband flexible flat electromagnetic absorber compatible with additive manufacturing has been studied in the X-Ku frequency bands. A multilayer structure has been optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA), adapting the restrictions of additive manufacturing and exploiting the EM properties of loaded and non-loaded filaments, of which the elaboration is described. After optimization, a bi-material multilayer absorber with a thickness of 4.1 mm has been designed to provide a reflectivity below −12 dB between 8 and 18 GHz. Finally, the designed multilayer structure was 3D-printed and measured in an anechoic chamber, achieving −11.8 dB between 7 and 18 GHz. Thus, the development of dedicated materials has demonstrated the strong potential of additive technologies for the manufacturing of thin wideband flexible EM absorbers.     

子宫内膜增生症及早期子宫内膜癌保留生育功能后冻胚移植妊娠结局

目的 探讨子宫内膜复杂性增生/不典型增生/早期子宫内膜癌保留生育力治疗后冻胚移植子宫内膜准备方案对妊娠结局的影响。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2020年12月于山东大学附属生殖医院门诊经体外受精或卵细胞质内单精子注射行冻胚移植的经保留生育功能治疗后逆转的子宫内膜复杂性增生/不典型增生/早期子宫内膜癌患者的临床资料,纳入了112例患者的179个冻胚移植周期,按冻胚移植子宫内膜准备方案分为4组：自然周期组(n=29)、促排卵周期组(n=38)、直接替代周期组(n=89)、降调+替代周期组(n=23)。比较分析各组的临床特征和妊娠结局,采用二分类Logistic回归分析影响患者活产率的因素。结果 在179个周期中,促排卵周期组与自然周期组、直接替代周期组和降调+替代周期组比较,其妊娠周期活产率(34.2%、31.0%、31.5%、30.4%)、活产率(46.7%、31.8%、34.8%、22.2%)、妊娠周期临床妊娠率(52.6%、37.9%、49.4%、43.5%)、妊娠周期生化妊娠率(65.8%、44.8%、64.0%、47.8%)更高,自然周期组妊娠周期流产率低于其他3组(18.2...     

基于ICT的虚拟社区活动与教师专业发展

随着信息通讯技术（ICT）的迅猛发展,虚拟社区的概念及其研究领域应运而生,并成为教育学习的重要空间和平台。基于ICT的虚拟社区将成为教师专业发展的重要舞台,成为教师超越时间和地域限制,相互联系、相互学习、协作共进的新方式。     

美国互联网售药监管及对我国的启示

利用互联网宣传、销售假药、劣药、违禁药物等违法行为给人们的用药安全带来严重威胁。网上售药现存问题已经引起相关人员的重视,如何有效监管网上药品销售行为,保证公众用药安全,成为各国政府药品监督管理的一项重要课题,本文应用文献研究法和比较分析法,通过中美在互联网售药方面监管比较,对完善我国的相关监管措施提出的建议。     

运用现代信息技术提高医学形态学实验教学实效

数字化、网络化、智能化和多媒体化的信息技术在现代教育中的应用已成为中国教育领域的一大热点。本文论述了南通大学在信息化环境下,在医学形态学实验教学中充分应用现代信息技术,优化实验教学手段,以提高实验教学质量。     

Three Meals a Day is Passé at Progressive Hospital

Modern medical simulation technology (MST) debuted in 1960 with the development of Resusci Annie (Laerdal 2007), which assisted students in the acquisition of proper ventilation and compression techniques used during basic life support. Following a steady stream of subsequent technological advances and innovations, MST manufacturers are now able to offer training aids capable of facilitating innovative learning in such diverse areas as human patient simulators, simulated clinical environments, virtual procedure stations, virtual medical environments, electronic tutors, and performance recording. The authors list a number of the most popular MSTs presently available while citing evaluative efforts undertaken to date regarding the efficacy of MST to the medical profession. They conclude by proposing a variety of simulation innovations of prospective interest to both medical and technology personnel while offering healthcare administrators a series of recommended considerations when planning to integrate MST into existing medical systems.     

Dealing with moral dilemma raised by adaptive preferences in health technology assessment: The example of growth hormones and bilateral cochlear implants

The aim of this article is to assess dilemma raised by adaptive preferences in the economic evaluation of growth hormone (GH) treatment for non-GH-deficient short children, and of bilateral cochlear implants for deaf children. Early implementation of both technologies and their irreversible consequences increase the potential conflicts faced by the assessors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) states (on behalf of patients) who could be interviewed (parents, individuals with an experience of the same disability, or representative samples of the general public). Indeed, assessors' preferences may be influenced by their own situation and they are likely to vary according to age and the experience of disability. Three options are put forward which aim to resolve these moral dilemma and help economists make methodological choices that cannot be avoided in order to carry out this assessment. They are grounded on three specific egalitarian theories of social justice. The main contribution of this article is to show that a dialogue between ethics and economics, prior to an assessment, makes it possible to redefine the choice of effectiveness criteria (subjective well-being, capabilities or social outcomes), the choice of perspective (patients or the able-bodied), as well as the scope of assessment (medical and non-medical care).     

Hospital Technology Breeds Pathology

Electronic fetal monitoring. Oxytocin challenge tests and Cesarean sections are all examples of the technological deviations from the natural processes of birth. Obstetrical care in the United States has evolved into a technology of scientitic and active management which obviates the natural processes and the normal physiology of birth. As this deviation continues, birth naturally will continue to be the perverted and pathological product of modern technology.