试探《仙授理伤续断秘方》的中医骨伤科手术学思想——兼论“辩证施术”

唐代蔺道人所著的〈仙授理伤续断秘方〉是我国现存最早的中医骨伤科专著.书中总结了唐代以前的骨伤科疾病诊治经验及其成就.奠定了中医骨伤科病证的诊治原则和具体方法,如四大经典治疗方法：手法整复,夹板固定,功能锻炼和内外用药.同时还包括有手术疗法,虽然比较原始朴素,论述比较简单粗略,但却包含有丰富的手术学思想,具有中医学自身的特点,该书中确实存在一个原始的中医骨伤科手术辩证论治体系,即＂辩证施术＂.现探讨如下.     

Volume estimation of brain ventricles using Cavalieri’s principle and Atlas-based methods in Alzheimer disease: Consistency between methods

Automatic estimations of brain ventricles are needed to assess disease progression in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer Disease (AD). The objectives of this study are to evaluate the diagnostic performances of an automated volumetric assessment tool in estimating lateral ventricle volumes in AD and to compare this with Cavalieri’s principle, which is accepted as the gold standard method. This is across-sectional volumetric study including 25 Alzheimer patients and 25 healthy subjects undergoing magnetic resonance images (MRI) with a 3D turbo spin echo sequence at 1.5 Tesla. The Atlas-based method incorporated MRIStudio software to automatically measure he volumes of brain ventricles. To compare the corresponding measurements, we used manual point-counting and semi-automatic planimetry methods based on Cavalieri’s principle. Bland–Altman test results indicated an excellent agreement between Cavalieri’s principle and the Atlas-based method in all volumetric measurements (p < 0.05). We obtained a 64% sensitivity and 92% specificity for lateral ventricular volumes according to the Atlas-based method. AD subjects had significantly larger left and right lateral ventricle volume (LVV) when compared to control subjects in respect to three volumetric methods (p < 0.01). Lateral ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR) statistically increased 49.23% in measurements done with the point-counting method, 45.12% with the planimetry method, and 45.49% with the Atlas-based method in AD patients (p < 0.01). As a result, the Atlas-based method may be used instead of manual volumetry to estimate brain volumes. Additionally, this method provides rapid and accurate estimations of brain ventricular volumes in-vivo examination of MRI.     

自我心理治疗法探析

自我心理治疗法指当事人运用心理学的知识和治疗方法给自己的影响,从而促使自己的心理和行为向积极方面转化的过程。自我心理治疗法能帮助人克服自己的心理障碍,摆脱心理困扰的折磨,享受战胜自己的巨大乐趣。自我心理治疗的概念、适应症、过程、效果、原则等值得研究。     

腰后关节紊乱症的病机和手法治疗生物力学研究

用微型传感器埋入法，测定腰椎后关节在不同姿势下的位移和受力情况，结果表明：其位移程度和方向受关节突形态的影响，脊柱活动时关节内压力集中在小关节的上端和下端，当某段关节失稳时，较邻近的小关节内压力增大８倍左右。对模拟旋转手法测定表明：后关节内压力呈波浪状变化，其下关节突出现向上→前→下→后的全方位移动。作者从生物力学的角度对腰后关节紊乱症的病机和手法治疗原理进行了探讨。     

新生儿疾病筛查的伦理学问题与对策

随着新生儿疾病筛查在国内的迅速开展，它在给人类带来福祉的同时，也引发了一些必须认真思考和解决的伦理学问题。通过研究目前新生儿疾病筛查的现状，分析了产生这些伦理学问题的主要原因，并提出了相应的对策及伦理学原则。     

痛风

随着人们生活水平的提高，痛风的发病率有增加的趋势。然而痛风的诊断及治疗仍有不足之处。本文就痛风的发病机制，诊断标准，治疗原则作一综述。     

《中药新药治疗糖尿病的临床研究指导原则》瑕疵评析

论述学习和应用《中药新药治疗糖尿病的临床研究指导原则》（试行）的感悟，评析其“中医证候诊断标准”、“纳入标准”和“疗效标准”的瑕疵及其产生的原因。     

A new method for multi-compartment pharmacokinetic analysis: The eigenvector decomposition principle

Summary It is well known in pharmacokinetics that exponential changes in blood concentrations of a drug are not related directly to the properties of the compartments that make up the system under study. A mathematical analysis is presented that permits treatment of the exponential components in a manner analogous to that of the hypothetical compartments. A simple treatment of cumulation processes in the central compartment is done to avoid full analysis of the system. For the circumstance when elimination is confined to the central compartment, total accumulation in the system and the exact volume of distribution are calculated from the blood concentration curve after a single i.v. injection. The method reduces complex accumulation calculations to the simplicity of single compartment formulae.     

Effects of scopolamine,amphetamine and chlordiazepoxide on punishment

The hypothesis that behavioral suppression due to punishment requires the intact activity of an inhibitory cholinergic CNS mechanism is examined in three experiments in rats and squirrel monkeys. Scopolamine hydrobromide and scopolamine methyl nitrate decreased further operant lever pressing which was suppressed by intermittent or continuous punishment, but scopolamine hydrobromide had a dose-dependent slight facilitatory effect on punished dextrose solution intake in monkeys and non-reinforced operant lever pressing in rats. d-Amphetamine enhanced non-reinforced responding drastically, and had a dose-dependent biphasic effect on intermittently punished operant lever pressing in rats and punished consummatory behavior in monkeys. Chlordiazepoxide consistently enhanced behavior which was suppressed by various punishment procedures; however, response suppression due to non-reinforcement remained unaltered by chlordiazepoxide. It was concluded that only few drug effects on behavior which is suppressed by punishment or non-reinforcement can be accounted for by the drugs' disinhibitory action on a cholinergic CNS mechanism or by the response rate dependency principle.This research report is based on Chapter II of a dissertation submitted to the University of Chicago in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph. D. degree.     

中药系统的方法学——中药系统原理

中药现代化的关键是自身庞大系统的方法学,即中药庞大数目的综合化学成分和复杂体系的整体药理作用的方法学,中药系统原理是处理中药庞大系统一般规律的方法学,中药系统原理以中药化学特征谱来表达综合活性成分,以基因组学和基因表达的细胞因子来揭示整体活性作用。