都梁软胶囊治疗偏头痛疗效与安全性的Meta分析

目的:系统评价都梁软胶囊治疗偏头痛的有效性和安全性.方法:计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、中文科技期刊数据库(CCD)、中国学术期刊数据库(CSPD)、国家知识基础设施数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)及ClinicalTrials.gov临床注册系统...     

参芪地黄汤加减治疗狼疮性肾炎有效及安全性的系统评价

目的：系统评价参芪地黄汤加减治疗狼疮性肾炎的有效性及安全性。方法：检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Embase、Wed of Science、国家知识基础设施数据库、中国学术期刊数据库、中文科技期刊数据库等数据库,收集参芪地黄汤治疗狼疮性肾炎的随机对照试验（RCT）,检索时间为建库至2020年7月。采用RevMan 5.3进行Meta分析。结果：最终纳入12项研究,共886例患者。Meta分析结果显示：观察组（参芪地黄汤联合西医常规治疗）在改善患者临床疗效,降低24 h尿蛋白定量,降低血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）,降低系统红斑狼疮疾病活动指数（SLEDAI）,提升补体C3含量等方面均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;观察组不良反应发生情况低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：参芪地黄汤加减治疗狼疮性肾炎疗效明确,且不良反应少,安全性好,值得临床推广应用。     

系统化护理联合健康教育在糖尿病患者中的效果分析

目的 探析糖尿病患者应用系统化护理联合健康教育的临床应用效果.方法 以该院2019年1—12月收治46例糖尿病患者作为实验对象,按随机分组法分为两组,一组采用常规护理服务的23例患者为对照组,另一组给予系统化护理联合健康教育的23例患者为观察组.对比两组疗效.结果 对照组护理后,空腹血糖(8.1±1.2)mmol/L、...     

Liver transplantation and atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis

AIM To assess prevalence of pre-existing atrial fibrillation(AF) and/or incidence of AF following liver transplantation, and the trends of patient's outcomes overtime; to evaluate impact of pre-existing AF and post-operative AF on patient outcomes following liver transplantation. METHODS A literature search was conducted utilizing MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Database from inception throughMarch 2018. We included studies that reported:(1) prevalence of pre-existing AF or incidence of AF following liver transplantation; or(2) outcomes of liver transplant recipients with AF. Effect estimates from the individual study were extracted and combined utilizing randomeffect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. The protocol for this meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO(International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, No. CRD42018093644). RESULTS Twelve observational studies with a total of 38586 liver transplant patients were enrolled. Overall, the pooled estimated prevalence of pre-existing AF in patients undergoing liver transplantation was 5.4%(95%CI: 4.9%-5.9%) and pooled estimated incidence of AF following liver transplantation was 8.5%(95%CI: 5.2%-13.6%). Meta-regression analyses were performed and showed no significant correlations between year of study and either prevalence of pre-existing AF(P = 0.08) or post-operative AF after liver transplantation(P = 0.54). The pooled OR of mortality among liver transplant recipients with pre-existing AF was 2.34(2 studies; 95%CI: 1.10-5.00). In addition, pre-existing AF is associated with postoperative cardiovascular complications among liver transplant recipients(3 studies; OR: 5.15, 95%CI: 2.67-9.92, I2 = 64%). With limited studies, two studies suggested significant association between new-onset AF and poor clinical outcomes including mortality, cerebrovascular events, post-transplant acute kidney injury, and increased risk of graft failure among liver transplant recipients(P 0.05).CONCLUSION The overall estimated prevalence of pre-existing AF and incidence of AF following liver transplantation are 5.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Incidence of AF following liver transplant does not seem to decrease overtime. Preexisting AF and new-onset AF are potentially associated with poor clinical outcomes post liver transplantation.     

The mechanisms of saffron (Crocus sativus') on the inflammatory pathways of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Backgroundand amis: Diabetes is one of the major medical problems, which can lead to damage to cells or organs in various parts of the body. Saffron as herbal medicine has contained several active ingredients, including safranal, flavonoids, crocetin, and crocin, which are effective in modulating oxidative stress and inflammation, which can play the main role in reducing the effects of diabetes. However, so far, the effect of saffron on diabetes inflammation has not been evaluated in the form of systematic review studies. The purpose of this systematic study was to evaluate the evidence obtained from in-vitro, animal, and clinical trials studies on the effects of saffron on inflammation in diabetes.MethodsThe present systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements. In this systematic review, databases such as Embase, Pubmed, SCOPUS, ProQuest, and sciences direct database were searched from the beginning to February 2021. All eligible in-vitro, animal and human studies that examined the effect of saffron on inflammatory factors in diabetes were published in the form of a full article in English.ResultsIn the end, only 20 of the 596 articles met the criteria for analysis. Of the 20 articles, 3 were in-vitro studies, 13 were animal studies, and 4 were human studies.ConclusionThe findings of this systematic study (Except for two studies) suggest that saffron supplementation with potential anti-inflammatory properties may reduce the expression of the inflammatory pathway and the production of inflammatory products in diabetes.     

中药贴敷神阙治疗阿片类药物相关性便秘疗效的系统评价

目的:本研究系统评价了中药贴敷神阙治疗癌症患者阿片类药物相关性便秘的疗效和安全性,以期为临床治疗提供一定参考。方法:计算机检索Pub Med、EMBase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、维普网和万方数据库,收集中药贴敷神阙治疗癌症患者阿片类药物相关性便秘的RCT,按照标准提取资料,根据Cochrane手册5. 1. 0评价文献质量后采用Rev Man 5. 3软件进行Meta分析。结果:纳入22篇文献,包含1 777例患者。Meta分析示,中药贴敷神阙治疗癌症患者阿片类药物相关性便秘疗效明显,差异有统计学意义(RR=1. 15,95%CI[1. 06,1. 26])。亚组分析示:贴敷组较护理组、贴敷联合其他外治组较标准观察组有效率提高{RR=1. 35,95%CI[1. 24,1. 48]; RR=1. 34,95%CI[1. 20,1. 48]}。贴敷+酚酞片VS酚酞片、贴敷+乳果糖VS乳果糖差异无统计学意义,但有提高疗效的可能性{RR=1. 20,95%CI[1. 00,1. 43]; RR=1. 19,95%CI[0. 94,1. 49]},7篇文献报道了不良反应,示不良反应较轻,治疗安全。结论:中药贴敷神阙能有效的治疗恶性肿瘤患者阿片类药物相关性便秘,并能明显提高西药治疗的有效率。受纳入文献质量的限制,本研究尚不能得到较为可靠的结论。     

利用人事档案开发医院人力资源信息管理系统

在医院发展技术化和国际化的大背景下,人力资源管理显得越来越重要。搭建起标准化、规范化、网络化的人力资源管理信息化工作平台,其前提是确定人力资源管理提升规划方案,重点是人力资源管理系统化。在医疗改革中,必须坚持以人为本,利用好人事档案开发出人力资源管理信息系统。     

系统化护理干预对反流性胃炎患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨系统化护理干预对反流性胃炎患者生活质量的影响。方法选取我院2019年1月至2019年12月收治的120例反流性胃炎患者,按照入院顺序分为对照组和观察组各60例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用系统化护理干预,比较两组的生活质量评分和VAS评分。结果护理后,观察组的生活质量各项评分均高于对照组(P <0.05)。护理前,两组患者的VAS评分比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);护理后,观察组的VAS评分明显低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论系统化护理干预能够有效提高反流性胃炎患者的生活质量,减轻其疼痛感,值得推广。     

One or two doses of hepatitis A vaccine in universal vaccination programs in children in 2020: A systematic review

BackgroundHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a global health concern as outbreaks continue to occur. Since 1999, several countries have introduced universal vaccination (UV) of children against HAV according to approved two-dose schedules. Other countries have implemented one-dose UV programs since 2005; the long-term impact of this schedule is not yet known.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in four electronic databases for data published between January 2000 and July 2019 to assess evidence for one-dose and two-dose UV of children with non-live HAV vaccines and describe their global impact on incidence, mortality, and severity of hepatitis A, vaccine effectiveness, vaccine efficacy, and antibody persistence.ResultsOf 3739 records screened, 33 peer-reviewed articles and one conference abstract were included. Rapid declines in incidence of hepatitis A and related outcomes were observed in all age groups post-introduction of UV programs, which persisted for at least 14 years for two-dose and six years for one-dose programs according to respective study durations. Vaccine effectiveness was ≥95% over 3–5 years for two-dose programs. Vaccine efficacy was >98% over 0.1–7.5 years for one-dose vaccination. Antibody persistence in vaccinated individuals was documented for up to 15 years (≥90%) and ten years (≥74%) for two-dose and one-dose schedules, respectively.ConclusionExperience with two-dose UV of children against HAV is extensive, demonstrating an impact on the incidence of hepatitis A and antibody persistence for at least 15 years in many countries globally. Because evidence is more limited for one-dose UV, we were unable to draw conclusions on immune response persistence beyond ten years or the need for booster doses later in life. Ongoing epidemiological monitoring is essential in countries implementing one-dose UV against HAV. Based on current evidence, two doses of non-live HAV vaccines are needed to ensure long-term protection.     

左奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染的系统评价

摘 要 目的：系统评价左奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染的临床疗效及安全性，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：计算机检索PubMed、Medline（viaOvidSP）、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP数据库，搜集有关左奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染的随机对照试验（RCTs），检索时限均为建库至2018年10月1日，由两名研究人员独立交叉筛选文献，并进行质量评估和数据提取，采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果：纳入16个RCTs，共计1 557例研究对象，其中左奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染的试验组779例，奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染的对照组778例。Meta分析结果显示：试验组的临床治愈率明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义[OR=2.28，95%CI（1.60，3.25），P<0.000 01]；但腹部感染两组临床治愈率差异无统计学意义[OR=1.73，95%CI（0.76，3.96），P<0.19]。两组在细菌清除上效果相当，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。试验组在消化系统不良反应、过敏反应以及白细胞减少等方面的发生率略低于对照组，但差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；但在神经系统不良反应方面，试验组与对照组相比发生率较低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。在假设其他治疗方案一致的情况下，试验组的成本及成本 效果比显著高于对照组，在一定程度上增加了患者的医疗负担。结论：基于目前的临床研究，左奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染可提高临床治愈率，减少神经系统不良反应的发生，但鉴于临床发生的药品不良反应均为轻中度，无需针对治疗处理，停药后即可缓解或消失，且奥硝唑的成本 效果比远低于左奥硝唑，因此，临床医生综合评估患者病情后仍可考虑选用奥硝唑治疗厌氧菌感染。而对于合并消化系统、神经系统、免疫系统、恶性肿瘤等基础疾病，以及药品不良反应不耐受的患者，则可优选左奥硝唑。