胸腔镜下胸交感神经干切断术治疗手汗症(附300例报告)

目的总结胸腔镜胸交感神经干切断术300例的临床经验。方法分析2003年1月至2006年1月经胸腔镜胸交感神经干T_2～T_4切断术治疗手汗症的临床资料。以患侧手掌皮肤温度较术前升高1℃～3℃或更高,转干燥者为有效。手掌皮肤温度较术前增加小于1℃仍为潮湿者为无效。结果300例手术均获成功,术后患者手掌多汗症状消失,双手转为干燥温暖状,术后掌温升高(2.8±0.8)℃;282例术后随访1～36个月无一例复发,术后转移代偿性多汗60例占21.2%。结论胸交感神经干切断术是治疗手汗症安全、微创和有效的方法。     

有限手术配合分期外固定治疗胫腓骨远端骨折

20世纪90年代AO学者Gerber、Palmar等相继提出生物学固定(biological osteosynthesis,BO)的新概念以来,出现了以生物学固定为基础的经皮微创接骨板内固定技术,这一崭新的骨折治疗方法已逐渐应用临床并取得了优良的治疗效果[1-2]。自2005年1月-2006年4月采用微创锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗胫骨骨折18例,取得了良好的临床效果,现报告如下。1临床资料本组18例,男12例,女6例;左7例,右11例;年龄18~54岁,平均32岁。其中交通伤10例,跌伤4例,砸伤4例。合并同侧腓骨骨折15例。按AO长管状骨骨折的综合分类法:42-B1型5例,B2型6例,B3型2例;42-C1型2…     

带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折

胫骨多段骨折是小腿严重骨折中的一种特殊类型,具有软组织损伤严重、手术治疗难度大、游离骨折段容易出现缺血性坏死及骨不连接等特点。本文回顾1998年6月-2005年5月采用带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折23例,总结如下。1临床资料23例中男15例,女8例;年龄:21～68岁,平均46岁。左侧10     

Robotic surgery in gynecologic oncology: evolution of a new surgical paradigm

Robotic surgical platforms were first developed with telesurgery in mind. Conceptualized by NASA and the military to provide surgical expertise to remote locations, some telesurgical success has been documented, but progress has been held back by communication bandwidth limitations. Telepresence surgery, where the surgeon is in proximity to the patient but is provided with an ergonomic console equipped with three-dimensional vision and autonomous control of wristed laparoscopic surgical instruments and energy sources, has shown efficacy first in cardiac and then urologic cancer surgery. Interest is currently focused on the application of this technology in the field of gynecology, with techniques being described to perform simple hysterectomy, myomectomy, tubal anastomosis, and pelvic reconstruction procedures. This article will review the application of robotic- and computer-assisted surgery in the specialty of gynecologic oncology.     

定量评估64层螺旋CT血管成像与DSA显示冠状动脉狭窄的能力和可靠性

目的定量评估64层螺旋CT（MSCT）与DSA2种成像方法显示冠状动脉狭窄及支架内再狭窄的能力和可靠性。方法应用心脏动态体模，设定心率为0、50、70、90次／min，对内径3mm的模拟冠状动脉（内设25％、50％、75％3段狭窄）及内径4mm的模拟带支架冠状动脉（支架段内设50％、75％2段狭窄）分别进行MSCT与DSA成像，将MSCT与DSA对应数据进行分析。结果（1）MSCT对25％、50％、75％3段狭窄的平均测量值为（30．0±1．4）％、（49．5±1．3）％、（72．9±3．9）％（P值分别为0．005、0．531、0．369）；DSA分别为（24．8±2．0）％、（48．2±2．1）％、（75．3±2．4）％（P值分别为0．883、0．180、0．796）。（2）MSCT图像伪影随心率增快而增加，心率≥70次／min影响变明显；DSA不受心率影响，所有心率下都可清晰地显示狭窄程度，无伪影。（3）MSCT与DSA测量血管狭窄程度有较好的相关性（r=0．995，P=0．000）。（4）MSCT可同时显示支架及支架内狭窄，但显示支架内狭窄能力有限，对50％狭窄分别显示为（46．4±4．5）％（心率为0）和（43．6±5．7）％（心率为50次／min），与标准值（50％）相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。DSA可清晰显示支架内狭窄，但不能很好显示支架形态。结论（1）MSCT与DSA评价冠状动脉狭窄结果可靠，MSCT受心率的影响大，时间分辨率有待提高，作为排除性诊断有很高的临床应用价值；MSCT对于支架内再狭窄的判断尚有一定局限性，但在管径较粗和低心率条件下评价支架内再狭窄有一定价值。     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.     

188Re-Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒的体外抗肿瘤作用

目的探讨^188Re—Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒在外置磁场下对HER-2／neu癌基因高表达的SKBR-3乳腺癌细胞的靶向结合性及抗癌作用。方法采用戊二醛交联法使人源性单克隆抗体Her—ceptin与磁性纳米微粒交联，用直接标记法制备^188Re—Herceptin及^188Re—Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒，用羰基铼标记法制备^188Re-磁性纳米微粒。肿瘤细胞体外抑制实验设4个组：^188Re—Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒组、^188Re—Herceptin组、^188Re-磁性纳米微粒组和^188ReO4^-组，各组均设3．7×10^4、18．5×10^4、37×10^4、55．5×10^4、74×10^4Bq／ml5个放射性剂量级别；另设生理盐水对照组。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法测定各组的抑瘤效应，计算相对抑制率，采用半数抑制放射性浓度（IC50）对各组抑瘤作用进行比较和评价。结果^188Re—Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒和^188Re—Herceptin组对SKBR-3细胞均有较强杀伤作用，且呈剂量依赖性；而^188Re-磁性纳米微粒和^188Re04组的杀伤作用较弱0188Re—Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒组的IC50（53．1×10^4Bq／L）明显低于^188Re—Herceptin组（76．1×10^4Bq／L）；^188Re一磁性纳米微粒组和^188ReO4组的IC50分别为169×10^4和175×10^4Bq／L，明显高于前2组。结论^188Re—Herceptin-磁性纳米微粒和^188Re—Herceptin均可明显抑制体外培养的SKBR-3乳腺癌细胞增殖，且前者的抑制作用较后者强。     

阿奇霉素替代激素治疗婴幼儿喘息性支气管炎临床研究

目的评价阿奇霉素治疗婴幼儿喘息性支气管炎的疗效并探讨其作用机制。方法婴幼儿喘息性支气管炎60例,随机分为2组,各30例,A组用阿奇霉素治疗,B组用地塞米松治疗,分别观察3d后的临床疗效;2组均测定其外周血清IL-4,IFN-γ浓度变化,并与15例健康婴幼儿（对照组）血清IL-4,IFN-γ浓度对比。结果A组与B组临床总有效率差异无统计学意义;整个喘息性支气管炎组与正常对照组相比IFN-γ和IL-4值差异均有统计学意义,IFN-γ下降,IL-4升高;各组治疗前与治疗后相比差异均有统计学意义,A组治疗后血清IFN-γ浓度增高、IL-4浓度下降;B组治疗后血清IFN-γ浓度下降、IL-4浓度也下降,且2组IFN-γ/IL-4值均显著升高。结论阿奇霉素治疗婴幼儿喘息性支气管炎有较好的疗效,能与地塞米松有同样的调节TH1及TH2细胞因子使之趋于平衡,并且有更好的促进细胞免疫作用。     

自锁式防旋自动滑动加压钉板的研制与生物力学研究

目的研制自锁式防旋自动滑动加压钉板（self—locking type pro-rotary auto-sliding＆compression nail plate，LPSC—NP）用于股骨颈骨折内固定，对其进行生物力学性能测试，为临床应用提供依据。方法采集18具新鲜成年股骨近端标本，制成股骨颈骨折，分别用LPSC—NP、3枚空心钉、双头中空加压螺纹钉、动力髋螺钉内固定，并进行生物力学测试，用SPSS统计软件对实验数据进行分析。结果LPSC—NP的承载能力和抗扭转强度、刚度均明显大于后三者。结论LPSC—NP固定股骨颈骨折牢固可靠，符合生物力学要求。该器械结构合理，简单适用，有一定的临床价值。     

逆转录病毒介导的c-met-小干扰RNA抑制肝癌转移的体内研究

我们对c-met与肝癌的临床病理因素的关系进行了分析，明确了c-met与肝癌转移有关联。此前也通过逆转录病毒载体介导，成功建立了表达c-met-siRNA的肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H／c-met-siRNA，并证实逆转录病毒载体能长期、稳定表达针对靶基因c-met的siRNA，因此，本研究拟进一步在体内研究c-met-siRNA对肝癌生长、转移的影响，以期为c-met-siRNA应用于临床防治肝癌转移复发提供实验依据。