Using an iliotibial tract for patellar dislocation in children

Objective  To evaluate the clinical and functional results of surgical treatment of patellar dislocation in children. Material and methods  A prospective study was undertaken from January 1995 to December 2004. Patients who suffered from patellar dislocation after receiving intramuscular antibiotic injections to quadriceps were recruited. A complete history of each patient was recorded, and both a clinical and a roentgenographic examination were performed preoperatively. Patellar dislocation was classified according to Bensahel’s criteria. The iliotibial tract and lateral retinacula was released to restore the tension of the medial retinaculum. Quadricepsplasty was used in all patients for full flexion of knee. Results  There were nine males and 65 females in this study. All 74 patients (76 knees) developed dislocation of the patella after repeated intramuscular injections of antibiotic(s) into the quadriceps muscle. Fifty-six knees (73.7%) were type 1, and 20 knees (26.3%) were type 2 (Bensahel’s classification). In all, we attained excellent results in 56 knees (73.7%), good results in 17 knees (22.4%), and fair results in three knees (3.9%). There have been no poor results or recurrences so far. Conclusion  Use of the iliotibial tract, adequate lateral retinacular release, restoration of the tension of the medial retinaculum and associated quadricepsplasty achieved a high success rate. The technique is simple, safe and effective in skeletally immature children.     

小儿桡骨小头半脱位的临床分析

目的探讨桡骨小头半脱位的发病机制、易发年龄及治疗方法。方法对207例桡骨小头半脱位患儿的易发年龄及诊治进行回顾性分析。结果207例桡骨小头半脱位患儿中6个月至≤3岁158例,占76.33%,〉3岁~6岁49例,占23.67%,两年龄段相比差异有统计学意义（u=7.577,P〈0.01）;179例患儿经手法复位后痊愈,无复发;28例患儿复位后复发,经再次复位后给于石膏托固定3周后痊愈,再无复发。结论本文资料显示,桡骨小头半脱位多见于3岁及3岁以下患儿,对就诊患儿进行及时诊断及治疗,必要时对复发的病例予以石膏托固定3周,均可取得满意疗效。     

骶髂关节不全脱位及其对强直性脊柱炎诊断价值的CT研究

目的 研究骶髂关节不全脱位的CT征象，探讨其对强直性脊柱炎(AS)的诊断价值。资料与方法 临床与CT确诊的AS者34例，正常对照组23例，在骶髂关节轴位CT片中观察并测量双侧骶髂关节前缘关节面的相对位置，经统计学分析，确定骶髂关节不全脱位的CT诊断标准。应用该标准复诊最初CT诊断正常、但最后临床确诊的AS20例，以确定该征象的诊断价值。结果 73．5％的AS患者有不同程度的骶髂关节不全脱位，21．7％正常对照组骶髂关节前缘不齐。确诊组与正常对照组间脱位程度的差异有统计学意义。无其他CT表现的临床怀疑组中40％有不全脱位，对该组中8例有不全脱位者按AS治疗有效。结论 骶髂关节不全脱位在AS的早期CT诊断中具有重要参考价值。     

单侧性寰枢关节半脱位的X线诊断

目的探讨X线对单侧性寰枢关节半脱位的诊断价值。方法经临床和X线片诊断的单侧性寰枢关节半脱位患者894例,分别测量两侧寰齿间隙距离,并取其差值(LADS),同时测量寰齿前间隙(ADI)。结果894例单侧性寰枢关节半脱位患者的颈椎张口正位片上LADS均表现为成人>3.0mm,儿童>5.0mm,颈椎侧位片上ADI成人>2.5mm,儿童>4.5mm。结论单侧性寰枢关节半脱位的X线诊断标准是:齿状突与寰椎侧块的关系失常,齿状突偏位,LADS不对称,ADI增大,且不对称情况不能通过头左或右旋转15°来纠正,但须除外骨折、先天性发育异常或寰枢关节前脱位等情况。     

Cervical cyst of the ligamentum flavum and C7-T1 subluxation: case report

A patient with progressive gait disturbance resulting from a cyst of the cervical ligamentum flavum associated with C7-T1 listhesis is reported. Surgical removal of the cyst improved the patients myelopathy. Intraspinal degenerative cysts are preferentially located in the lumbar region:unusual is the cervical localization. Differential diagnosis includes ligamentum flavum cyst, synovial and ganglion cysts. Association between degenerative intraspinal cysts and listhesis is discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of cyst of the ligamentum flavum associated with cervical subluxation.     

改良Hauser小切口手术治疗髌骨不稳定18例

目的 探讨和总结改良Hauser小切口(MHSI)手术治疗髌骨不稳定(LPI)的手术经验和治疗效果。方法 从1998年10月至2000年4月间，共有18例患者(22膝)接受MHSI治疗。切口位于髌腱前稍偏外，长约4～5cm；上、下潜行牵拉切口松解外侧关节囊，胫骨结节移位。结果 18例患者全部经过随访，平均随访时间为28个月(24～40个月)。无一例复发，采用Lysholm评分法及VAS评分法评定术后膝功能，全组病例平均分值分别为91分(67～98分)和86分(66～96分)。单纯不稳定组(13膝)与合并关节退变组(9膝)术前在平均年龄和平均病程上存在统计学差异，术后评分差异无显著意义。结论MHSI对LPI有可靠疗效，手术简便、微创，可降低OA发病率，允许早期康复，是一种较好的治疗方法。     

超声乳化吸除术治疗晶状体脱位白内障的临床观察

目的 探讨超声乳化吸附术治疗晶状体不全脱位白内障的疗效。方法 对18例（19只眼）晶状体不全脱位白内障患者行超声乳化白内障吸附联合人工晶状体植入术,其中2只眼联合玻璃体切除、视网膜复位术。结果 18只眼术后视力有不同程度提高,1只眼因术前黄斑挫伤,视力无改善。结论 采用超声乳化吸附术治疗晶状体不全脱位白内障患者,有效避免了其他手术方法并发症的发生,取得了良好疗效。     

玻璃体切除人工晶状体植入术治疗晶状体脱位

目的：评价玻璃体切除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗晶状体脱体的效果。方法：对各种原因所致的晶状体半脱位或全脱位28例（32眼）进行玻璃体切除,同时植入人工晶状体。统计术后视力并进行随访观察。结果：术后视力增进30眼（93.8％）,不变2眼（6.2％）,术后随访1至19月,严重并发症少。结论：玻璃切除联合人工晶状体植入治疗晶状体脱位术后视力恢复快,是完全有效的方法。