脊柱转移瘤术前动脉栓塞研究进展

More than 60% of spinal metastases are hypervascular tumors. Intraoperative bleeding often occurred in the surgery for spinal metastases in the past. Therefore, it is necessary to take some preoperativ...     

Computer-assisted capnogram analysis

Characteristic abnormal carbon dioxide waveforms from patients with mechanically ventilated lungs are observed when, for example, valves are incompetent, the airway is obstructed, the breathing circuit becomes disconnected, or a patient overrides mechanical ventilation with spontaneous breaths. Automated observation of the carbon dioxide waveform provides a uniform, concise, and consistent interpretation of the capnogram. This article describes a computer algorithm for analyzing and classifying capnograms as normal or as belonging to one of the categories above. The algorithm also generates a diagnostic message when the capnogram deviates from a learned norm for at least three consecutive waveforms (and thus reduces the influence of artifacts). Clinical experience shows reliable waveform recognition by the algorithm.Supported in part by a grant from Datascope Corporation.The authors thank David A. Paulus, MD, and Jeffrey M. Feldman, MD, for their assistance and advice.     

FilmArray脑炎/脑膜炎多重病原体核酸联检试剂盒在中枢神经系统感染病原学诊断中的价值

目的:探讨FilmArray脑炎/脑膜炎多重病原体核酸联检试剂盒(FilmArray ME Panel)在中国儿童中枢神经系统感染病原学诊断方面的应用价值。方法:收集2019年3月至11月上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心收治的145例疑诊中枢神经系统感染患儿的经腰椎穿刺获得的脑脊液标本,对所有患儿的脑脊液标本行培...     

Defect Detection and Characterization in Concrete Based on FEM and Ultrasonic Techniques

In order to estimate the crack depth in concrete using time-of-flight, finite element analysis and experiments were performed on non-cracked concrete blocks and 45 mm and 70 mm vertical cracks. As a result of measuring the time-of-flight change by changing the positions of the transmitter and receiver, it was confirmed that the finite element analysis results agreed with the experimental results, and high accuracy was confirmed by various formulas for calculating the depth of defects using the obtained experimental measurements for comparison. In addition to the verification of the simulation and experimental theory, research was conducted through actual field cases, and methodologies for crack detection and depth evaluation for concrete structures were presented, and furthermore, the expected effects of improving the soundness and safety of structures were shown.     

Influence of Tantalum Addition on the Corrosion Passivation of Titanium-Zirconium Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid

Ti-15%Zr alloy and Ti-15%Zr-2%Ta alloy were fabricated to be used in biomedical applications. The corrosion of these two alloys after being immersed in simulated body fluid for 1 h and 72 h was investigated. Different electrochemical methods, including polarization, impedance, and chronoamperometric current with time at 400 mV were employed. Also, the surface morphology and the compositions of its formed film were reported by the use of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray. Based on the collected results, the presence of 2%Ta in the Ti-Zr alloy passivated its corrosion by minimizing its corrosion rate. The polarization curves revealed that adding Ta within the alloy increases the corrosion resistance as was confirmed by the impedance spectroscopy and current time data. The change of current versus time proved that the addition of Ta reduces the absolute current even at high anodic potential, 400 mV. The results of both electrochemical and spectroscopic methods indicated that pitting corrosion does not occur for both Ti-Zr and Ti-Zr-Ta alloys, even after their immersion in SBF solutions for 72 h.     

头颈部肿瘤两种放疗体位固定摆位误差分析

目的 应用千伏级锥形束CT（CBCT）对比分析头颈部肿瘤放疗中头枕+头颈肩面膜、真空气垫+头颈肩面膜两种体位固定技术的摆位误差。 方法 随机选取60例接受诊断及治疗的头颈部肿瘤患者（头枕+头颈肩面膜组29例、真空气垫+头颈肩面膜组31例）,治疗过程中每周行1次CBCT扫描,将所获取的CBCT图像与计划CT图像进行配准,得到左右、上下、前后方向的摆位线性误差,采用独立t检验对比两组数据的差异性。 结果 头枕+头颈肩面膜组在左右、上下、前后方向的摆位线性误差分别为：（0.07±1.70）、（0.45±1.53）、（0.39±1.62）mm,真空气垫+头颈肩面膜组在左右、上下、前后方向的摆位线性误差分别为：（-0.05±1.39）、（0.13±1.37）、（0.08±1.25）mm。两组在左右方向上的摆位线性误差比较差异无统计学意义（t=0.729,P＞0.05）,在上下和前后方向上的差异有统计学意义（t=2.093、2.039,P均＜0.05）。 结论 两种固定方式中头颈部肿瘤真空气垫+头颈肩面膜固定的患者摆位误差小,体位重复性好。     

耐多药结核病诊断方法研究进展

耐多药结核病的防治对于结核病的防控具有重要意义,已成为结核病防治的难点和热点问题。早期对结核病患者进行耐多药检测能够提高耐多药结核病患者的治疗成功率。耐多药结核病的诊断方法包括传统的培养方法及新型分子生物学诊断方法。作者对耐多药结核病的诊断方法进行综述,以期为耐多药结核病防治提供科学依据。