Successful embolization of a large superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm emerging during anticoagulant therapy

Gross hemorrhage is the most serious complication of anticoagulant therapy. We report the discovery and treatment of a large pseudoaneurysm of the superior gluteal artery in one patient who had been receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. We diagnosed the pseudoaneurysm by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and embolized the artery with stainless steel coils. The exact cause of the pseudoaneurysm remains unclear, however, minor trauma appears most likely.     

Large colloid cyst in lateral ventricle simulating brain tumour

Summary This case report describes a patient presenting with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, whose computerized tomographic (CT) scan was highly suggestive of a large low-grade glioma invading the basal ganglia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-demarcated space-occupying mass of increased intensity in the left lateral ventricle and adjacent white matter. Following stereotactic biopsy, which yielded a homogeneous jelly-like material, the mass was removed microsurgically and was found to be most like a colloid cyst on histological examination. Discussion focusses on the clinical and differential diagnostic implications of this very unusual combination of findings.     

Ridge number density: A new parameter for in vivo bone structure analysis

An advanced analysis of the mechanical properties of bone should include information about the microarchitecture of cancellous bone in addition to its density. It has recently been shown that high-resolution quantitative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have the potential to assess such information in a noninvasive way in patients. Both techniques, however, lack sufficient spatial resolution to image the individual trabeculae with true precision. In this work, a new parameter, Ridge number density (RND), is introduced. RND is a measure for the trabecular number, which can be extracted directly from high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) images of patients. We applied the RND technique to a test group of nine healthy, postmenopausal women measured repetitively with a high-resolution 3D peripheral quantitative computed tomography (3D-pQCT) system with 165 × 165 × 165 μm³ voxel size. Simultaneously with the RND determination, the trabecular bone density (TBD) was also assessed in the same volume of interest. The examination site was the distal radius. The intersubject variability of the measured test group was 10.5% for RND and 26.3% for TBD. The root mean square error between first and second examinations (midterm reproducibility) was 1.6% and 1.1%, respectively. RND is determined independently from TBD and pertains to the structure of the cancellous bone. As such, it might add crucial information in cases where bone mass or bone density measurements alone give ambigous results.     

颅脑转移瘤的CT和MRI研究

134例颅脑转移瘤,CT增强薄层扫描88例,其中延迟扫描58例;薄层MRI 44例。114例(85％)有幕上转移,38例(28％)有幕下转移。73例(54％)多发,64例(46％)单发。增强MRI显示清晰和尚清晰者为42例(95％),增强后1～3min CT延迟扫描显示清晰和尚清晰者为55例(95％),延迟3min以上显示清晰和尚清晰为95％。可见,增强CT延迟扫描和大剂量增强CT对颅脑转移瘤的检出效果与增强MRI是相仿的。     

胸部气道的CT研究

作者采用自己设计的两种扫描方法与常规扫描方法对照对６７例患者的正常气道的ＣＴ表现进行分析，比较不同扫描方法在显示气道方面的优劣。结果显示：常规ＣＴ扫描方法能显示大部分支气管分枝，最远可分辨亚段支气管，但对右侧Ｂ４、Ｂ５，左侧Ｂ２、ＬＢ、Ｂ４、Ｂ５及两侧Ｂ７、Ｂ８显示差；扫描架向头侧倾斜２５°能明显改善右侧Ｂ４、Ｂ５，左侧ＬＢ、Ｂ４、Ｂ５的显示情况。     

结核性脑膜炎的CT分型与诊断（附20例分析）

经ＣＴ和临床确诊的２０例结核性脑膜炎进行回顾性分析。作者根据ＣＴ改变将其分为三种类型：（１）脑炎结节型；（２）结核瘤型；（３）脑积水型。并就ＣＴ诊断结核性脑膜炎的价值与限度进行了讨论。     

腰椎峡部裂的CT诊断

目的：回顾性分析腰椎峡部裂的ＣＴ表现并讨论其诊断与鉴别诊断，材料与方法，２３例患先行腰椎侧位扫描定位图像，采用与椎间盘平行的角度，自病变脊椎的上一椎体下缘边续发描至于下椎体上缘，层厚４或５ｍｍ必要时在峡部行２ｍｍ，层厚扫描，结果；２３例中，累及双侧２１例，单侧２例，发生在Ｌ５１６例，Ｌ４７例，ＣＴ表现为同一脊椎关节突间的低密度裂隙，出瑞椎弓根下缘平面，走行不规则，裂隙可宽可窄，表面不光滑。     

儿童后腹膜肿块CT表现

目的：报告儿童后腹膜常见与不常见占位病变的CT表现。材料和方法：对34例（32例经病理证实，2例随访复查证实)儿童后腹膜肿块病例完整的临床及CT检查资料进行分析。结果：本组儿童后腹膜占位病变共有11种．以肾上腺瘤和后腹膜神经母细胞瘤最常见，畸胎瘤和肾胚胎瘤、新生儿肾上腺出血其次．肾上腺皮质癌较少见，罕见的有横纹肌肉瘤和血管外皮瘤。临床和CT特点各有其不同。结论：临床特点与CT表现相结合，极大部分儿童后腹膜肿块可作出明确诊断。     

Heart rate analysis in 24 patients treated with 150 mg amitriptyline per day

Twenty-four patients treated with 150 mg amitriptyline per day for an episode of major depression underwent a standardized heart rate analysis (HRA) before therapy and after 14 days. The battery of cardiovascular reflex tests included the determination of the coefficient of variation (CV) while resting and during deep respiration, a spectral analysis of heart rate, the heart rate response to standing, and the Valsalva manoeuvre. The results of the initial HRA did not differ from a group of 24 normal control subjects matched for age and sex. On day 14 of treatment the patients showed significantly reduced values of heart rate variability in all tests (P<0.0001), probably due to the anticholinergic side effects of amitriptyline. Heart rate increased form 78.1 to 93.6 bpm on average (P<0.0001). Abnormal CV at rest was registered in 96% of the patients; during deep respiration 29% showed abnormal CV results. An abnormal spectral analysis was found in 100% of the cases (low frequency peak: 42%, mid-frequency peak: 100%, high frequency peak: 79%). The heart rate response to standing was abnormal in 75% and the Valsalva test in 33% of the cases. Eighty-eight percent of the patients fulfilled the criteria of a cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy under the conditions of amitriptyline therapy. As yet, the consequences of these changes for the patients have not been sufficiently elucidated.