牙龈癌侵犯下颌骨SPECT/CT融合显像和CT影像的对照研究

Objective  

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical value of ^99mTc-methylene diphosphonic acid (MDP) SPECT/CT fusion imaging and CT scanning in diagnosis of infiltrated mandible by gingival carcinoma.     

胰腺癌CT临床分析(附31例报告)

对31例胰腺癌和其它胰腺病变术前CT误诊和漏诊病例进行回顾性分析。结果误诊25例，其误诊率为44．0％（11／25）。主要原因：一是CT表现不典型；二是对某些CT征象认识不足以及分析欠全面。漏诊6例，主要为胰头部直径≤3cm的小胰头癌。通过对误诊、漏诊原因的分析，作者认为，改进检查技术，如采用薄层连续动态CT扫描，结合临床资料对CT征象作全面分析及综合多种影像学方法优势，可减少误诊、温沙机率。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像偶发甲状腺癌的葡萄糖代谢与临床病理学的相关性研究

背景与目的：18F-FDG PET/CT的广泛应用导致偶发甲状腺癌的比例明显增加,偶发甲状腺癌灶的糖代谢与甲状腺癌病理学的相关性尚不清楚。研究因非甲状腺疾病行18F-FDG PET/CT显像、偶发甲状腺癌的患者,分析甲状腺癌灶的糖代谢与肿瘤的分化程度、淋巴结转移的相关性。方法：回顾性分析18F-FDG PET/CT显像偶发甲状腺瘤患者195例,53例患者手术病理诊断为甲状腺癌。分别测量甲状腺癌灶的最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)、病变大小、病变个数,同时测量患者正常甲状腺组织的SUVmax。通过病理分析病理学分型、淋巴结转移,患者分为G1组(分化型甲状腺癌)、G2组(非分化型甲状腺癌)、G3组(甲状腺癌无淋巴结转移)和G4组(甲状腺癌有淋巴结转移)。分析G1组与G2组、G3组与G4组间甲状腺癌灶的糖代谢的差异。结果：53例患者中,PET显像发现甲状腺癌灶53个。病理学发现甲状腺癌灶62个,乳头状甲状腺癌37例,滤泡状甲状腺癌4例,髓样癌9例,低分化癌3例。正常甲状腺组织的SUVmax为1.51±0.30,G1组(41例)SUVmax为4.25±1.70,G2组(12例)SUVmax为6.34±2.45,G1组和G2组的SUVmax均显著高于正常甲状腺组织(t=11.0,t=7.10,P<0.01),但G1组与G2组的SUVmax差异无统计学意义(t=3.61,P>0.05)。G3组(29例)的SUVmax为4.77±2.15,G4组(24例)的SUVmax为4.67±2.02,差异无统计学意义(t=0.33,P=0.56)。结论：18F-FDG PET/CT显像偶发癌分化型甲状腺癌、非分化型甲状腺癌均具有高糖代谢改变;不同分化程度、淋巴结转移能力的甲状腺癌灶的糖代谢水平差异无统计学意义。     

Combination of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT Radiomics and Clinical Features for Predicting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinoma

ObjectiveTo identify epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in lung adenocarcinoma based on ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT radiomics and clinical features and to distinguish EGFR exon 19 deletion (19 del) and exon 21 L858R missense (21 L858R) mutations using FDG PET/CT radiomics.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 179 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. They were randomly assigned to training (n = 125) and testing (n = 54) cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. A total of 2632 radiomics features were extracted from the tumor region of interest from the PET (1316) and CT (1316) images. Six PET/CT radiomics features that remained after the feature selection step were used to calculate the radiomics model score (rad-score). Subsequently, a combined clinical and radiomics model was constructed based on sex, smoking history, tumor diameter, and rad-score. The performance of the combined model in identifying EGFR mutations was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Furthermore, in a subsample of 99 patients, a PET/CT radiomics model for distinguishing 19 del and 21 L858R EGFR mutational subtypes was established, and its performance was evaluated.ResultsThe area under the ROC curve (AUROC) and accuracy of the combined clinical and PET/CT radiomics models were 0.882 and 81.6%, respectively, in the training cohort and 0.837 and 74.1%, respectively, in the testing cohort. The AUROC and accuracy of the radiomics model for distinguishing between 19 del and 21 L858R EGFR mutational subtypes were 0.708 and 66.7%, respectively, in the training cohort and 0.652 and 56.7%, respectively, in the testing cohort.ConclusionThe combined clinical and PET/CT radiomics model could identify the EGFR mutational status in lung adenocarcinoma with moderate accuracy. However, distinguishing between EGFR 19 del and 21 L858R mutational subtypes was more challenging using PET/CT radiomics.     

交界区脑梗死的病因与临床分析

目的 探讨交界区脑梗死（cerebral watershed infarction,CWI）的病因与临床特征.方法 回顾性分析42例CWI患者的临床资料,就其病因、临床表现、影像学特征及治疗,结合文献进行分析.结果 双侧CWI 12例,占28.6%,皮层前型3例,皮层后型4例,皮层下型5例,主要病因为低血压、低血容量;单侧CWI 30例,占71.4%,皮层前型8例,皮层后型10例,皮层下型13例,主要病因为颈动脉狭窄、糖尿病、低血压、血液流变学异常等.结论 CWI病因多样,临床表现复杂,诊断依靠影像学,避免低灌注是控制CWI的关键.     

用户环境下LSO晶体PET/CT的本底计数测试

目的 探讨用户环境下LSO晶体PET/CT的本底汁数测量方法.方法 在用户环境条件下,作一个床位的PET/CT空白扫描或利用仪器本身的PET Monitor工具,测试一台Siemens Biograph 16HR PET/CT的LSO晶体本底计数.结果 Siemens Biograph 16HR PET/CT的LSO晶体本底计数率约为(单位:counts/s)net trues:4.7;Randoms:545;Prompts:548;Single Rate:739328;标准差分别为:0.26、2.52、1.53、7656.24,标准差均在各自均值的12%以内,符合统计学意义.结论 作一个床位6 min PET/CT空白扫描,是用户环境下测试LSO品体PET/CT的本底计数率简单而又适用的方法.     

结核性腹膜炎的螺旋CT诊断

目的探讨结核性腹膜炎的螺旋CT检查方法及其特征。方法选择经临床证实的结核性腹膜炙病人9例,回顾性分析其螺旋CT表现。结果渗出型2例,粘连型6例,干酪型1例。主要表现有腹水、腹膜增厚、肠系膜及网膜增厚粘连、合并结核性淋巴结肿大等。结论螺旋CT有助于疾病的早期诊断及治疗。     

胸膜恶性纤维组织细胞瘤1例

患者,男性,68岁,反复咳嗽、咳痰,心累气促1个月,发现胸水1 d入院.查体:右肺叩诊浊音,呼吸音低,左肺可闻及哮鸣音及肺底湿哕音,双下肢中度水肿.     

极化转移INEPT与DEPT以及季碳脉冲序列等方法在~(13)CNMR测定中的应用

NMR测定灵敏度较低,对于那些天然丰度低而磁矩又较小的核,这一问题更为突出。70年代末80年代初,出现了一系列基于极化转移技术的多脉冲序列方法如INEPT~*和DEPT~(**)等,用于测定~(18)CNMR谱,极大地提高了灵敏度,其增强因子与偶极—偶极弛豫是否