借助微信平台联合使用标准化病人的教学方法在胰腺外科专科化培训中的效果探析

目的 探讨借助微信结合使用标准化病人(standardized patient, SP )在胰腺外科专科化培训中的效果。方法 选择长海医院外科住院医师规范化培训医师48名（全部为研究生学历）为教学对象。按照随机抽样原则将48名医师分为两组,实验组24名医师采用微信联合SP教学,对照组24名医师采用传统教学方式。两组均由专科资深的副主任医师进行临床带教。对照组采用传统临床带教方式,采用课堂授课,辅以视频资料巩固教学效果,再让学员参与实践临床工作;而对照组则采用微信结合SP教学,利用微信推送学习计划,学习内容、临床问题及组织组内讨论,辅以SP模拟临床实际进行实践教学。结束后,采用理论考试、问卷调查和专家答辩的方式评价两种教学模式的教学效果。采用SPSS19软件进行统计学处理。问卷调查结果采用描述性分析,采用卡方检验;理论考试成绩和专家答辩成绩以均数±标准差表示,采用t检验。结果 两组医师的理论考试成绩差异无统计学意义（85.5±7.6 vs. 81.4±14.9;P=0.238）。在问卷调查方面两组在理论知识的理解和记忆、提高学习主动性和积极性、提高临床思维判断、理论结合实践应用、提高临床操作技能水平和提高医患沟通能力等方面的差异,有统计学意义（P≤0.001）,专家答辩考核中两组在在理论能力、分析能力方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而在综合应用能力及沟通能力方面实验组医师的成绩均明显优于对照组医师（P≤0.001）。 结论 微信平台联合标准化病人教学模式在胰腺外科专科培训中切实可行,较传统教学模式可更有效提高教学效果。     

A 5-Year Update on the IR Residency Match: 2022 National Survey Results of Program Directors and Matched Applicants Compared with 2017

PurposeTo characterize the experiences of matched applicants (MAs) and program directors (PDs) in the 2022 interventional radiology (IR) residency Match and compare with 2017 data.MethodsSurveys were distributed to IR PDs and MAs from the 2022 Match. Findings were compared with those of 2017 using the 2-sample t test and Fisher exact test.ResultsIn total, 68 MAs (40%) and 47 PDs (52%) responded. Collected demographic traits were similar, including ongoing male predominance (77% of MAs, 83% of PDs). Moreover, 86% of MAs and 87% of PDs were “satisfied” with Match outcomes. Compared with those in 2017, MAs applied to more IR programs (P < .001). MAs reported more research (P = .003) and abstracts/publications (P < .001) and ranked these as more important than PDs did (P < .001 for both). Approximately 82% of PDs gave special attention to candidates who completed a visiting rotation at their institution; 60% of MAs and 95% of PDs believed virtual interviews resulted in overinterviewing (P < .001); both agreed they provided convenience and accessibility. Furthermore, 63% of MAs believed a Step 1 pass/fail system will be less equitable for applicants. Additional data on demographics, medical school experiences, applications, interviews, intern year, and rank process were reported.ConclusionsSatisfaction with Match results remained high from 2017 to 2022, although efforts are needed to improve applicants’ ability to navigate the application process, address overapplying, and evaluate concerns regarding the Step 1 pass/fail system. These survey findings will help inform applicants and PDs for future match cycles.     

Parental stress in the neonatology unit - The influence of hospital stay length and neonatal unit differentiation

AimTo analyze the influence of neonatal unit differentiation and hospital stay length on parental stress.BackgroundParents choose to deliver in a private or public hospital. These hospitals differ in the specialization in perinatal care and the support offered by the neonatal units.MethodsIt was a methodological study. Data were collected using the Neonatal Unit Parental Stress Scale - Portuguese version that was given to parents on day 2, and day 14 of hospitalization after the child's birth.ResultsIn the Parent Relationship with Infant and Parental Role and Physical Environment and Sounds dimensions, there was an increase in parental stress in differentiated neonatal intensive units and a decrease in stress in specialized and special neonatal units.ConclusionParents should be integrated into activities that promote their parental role, and actions should be implemented to reduce stressors in the neonatal unit environment.     

高校自然科学综合性优秀期刊栏目设置调研与分析

【目的】 了解高校自然科学综合性优秀期刊栏目设置现状,为科技期刊专业化转型和期刊评价提供参考。【方法】 收集112种高校自然科学综合性优秀期刊2021年各期次的目次表和总目次表,统计与分析其栏目设置情况。【结果】 66%的期刊在目次表中有稳定的栏目设置,仅47%的期刊在总目次表中设置栏目。在栏目设置方式方面,标识性特色栏目占比为43%,以专题、专栏、专辑和专刊为主;非标识性特色栏目占比为31%,以学科特色为主体内容,栏目设置突出区域特点、问题导向和学科优势;学科“小综合”栏目占比为20%,栏目设置突出差异化;创新前沿栏目占比不足20%,栏目创新性略显薄弱。【结论】 高校期刊应重视在目次表与总目次表中的栏目设置,不同期刊需采用与其学科优势相匹配的栏目设置方式;同时加强栏目创新设计,适当区分专刊与专辑、专栏与专题,分类分步推进综合性期刊专业化转型;可考虑把栏目设置纳入期刊定性评价体系。