组织工程化血管的种子细胞在体外培养扩增方法的实验性研究

目的为培养组织工程化血管的实验研究提供细胞来源.方法采用酶消化法和组织块法培养人脐静脉血管内皮细胞、人脐动脉血管平滑肌细胞及成纤维细胞,并进行细胞的传代、纯化、鉴定以及形态学观察.结果培养细胞符合血管内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞及成纤维细胞的各有形态特征.结论所培养的细胞有望作为体外构建组织工程化血管的应用.     

大鼠自体平滑肌细胞移植对心肌梗死后心功能恢复的作用

目的:研究自体平滑肌细胞移植到心肌梗死区后对心功能恢复的作用.方法:用酶消化法从SD大鼠的输精管中分离、提取自体平滑肌细胞,进行体外培养、扩增.移植组(n=12)将BrdU标记后的自体平滑肌细胞直接注射移植到左冠脉前降支结扎后2周形成的心肌梗死区瘢痕组织中;对照组(n=12)注射同等剂量的DMEM培养液.超声检查评估移植前和移植后4周的心功能状况.用免疫组化染色的方法,检测心肌瘢痕组织中是否有植入的平滑肌细胞存活以及促血管新生的情况.结果:移植的自体平滑肌细胞能在心肌梗死区内存活并形成肌样组织.与对照组比较,移植组左心室舒张末容积(LVEDV)明显减小[(0.78±0.16) vs (0.92±0.15) ml, P<0.01],左心室射血分数(LVEF)显著提高[(47.6±7.2)％ vs (29.3±6.1)％, P<0.01],心肌瘢痕组织血管新生明显[血管密度:(1.9±0.4)/(0.8 mm2) vs (0.4±0.2)/(0.8 mm2), P<0.01].结论:自体平滑肌细胞移植能防止心肌梗死后的心室腔扩大,促进梗死区血管新生,改善心功能.     

骨骼肌肉恶性肿瘤增强减影MRI

目的　评估增强减影在骨骼肌肉恶性肿瘤MRI中的临床应用价值。方法　 5 0例骨骼肌肉恶性肿瘤病人进行MR增强扫描 ,MR对比剂采用钆喷替酸葡甲胺 (Gd DTPA ,0 1mmol/kg) ,用T1W增强后的图像与增强前的图像进行减影。通过对比度 /噪声比值 (C/Ns值 )以及肿瘤影像征象清晰程度的比较 ,对MR减影与否进行评估。结果　MR对比增强减影图像比传统的T1W增强图像显示更清晰、更直观。所有病例都经手术和病理证实。 5 0例骨骼肌肉恶性肿瘤图像MR减影的C/Ns值比传统T1W增强图像的C/Ns值高。MR减影图像的C/Ns值为 10 9 74± 5 10 ( x±s) ,传统T1W增强图像的C/Ns值为 2 3 6 1± 3 16 (t=10 1 5 1,P <0 0 5 )。减影前后肿瘤影像征象的比较结果显示 :不规则边缘 (χ2 =7 86 ,P <0 0 5 )、肿瘤分叶 (χ2 =7 16 ,P <0 0 5 )和环形强化 (χ2 =7 4 4 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,对肿瘤影像征象清晰度差异的检出具有显著性意义。结论　MR对比增强减影比传统T1WI增强更能有效地显示骨骼肌肉恶性肿瘤。对比增强减影为检出和评估骨骼肌肉恶性肿瘤方面 ,提供了一个全新的诊断工具。     

Inflammation and the Aging Process: Devil or Angel

Inflammation is often viewed as a pathologic mechanism leading to tissue damage and interference with function, such as the process of chronic tissue scarring or fibrosis. However, it is important to note that inflammation is a crucial component of normal tissue repair as well as being fundamental to the body's defense against infection. Considering inflammation as a "causative agent in aging" belies the underlying mechanisms whereby the acute inflammatory response is necessary for survival, and efforts to reduce and control the inflammatory response leave the host susceptible to infectious agents and improper healing. Chronic inflammation inevitably has initiating mechanisms that include immune, autoimmune, and metabolic pathways, leading to the activation and presence of the host-protective response. It is more appropriate to target the underlying initiating conditions than the inflammatory process that ensues and treat the basic mechanisms of disease rather than interfere in a very important protective mechanism of the host.     

Stimulation-induced setting of postural muscle tone in the decerebrate rat

These studies demonstrate the presence of pontomedullary areas in the rat brainstem which, when stimulated electrically, serve to set postural muscle tone in the hindlimbs. Low amplitude stimulation of the dorsal tegmental field (DTF) was found to inhibit postural muscle tone and, in some rats, was found to decrease mean arterial pressure. Low amplitude stimulation of the ventral tegmental field (VTF) was found to increase postural muscle tone and, in all cases tested, was found to increase mean arterial pressure.     

颞区眼轮匝肌皮瓣修复眼睑皮肤软组织缺损

目的：探讨修复眼睑皮肤缺损的方法．方法：应用颞部眼轮匝肌皮瓣修复同侧眼睑皮肤软组织缺损１０例．其中男 ７例，女３例．缺损原因：疤痕切除后创面 ７例，色素痣切除后创面１例，化学烧伤 ２例．均为下睑皮肤软组织缺损．结果：所有病例皮瓣成活良好，外形效果满意．结论：颞部眼轮匝肌皮瓣血供可靠，转移方便，皮肤质地、厚度与眼睑皮肤相近，是一个修复眼睑皮肤缺损的理想的皮瓣．     

美维松对膈肌功能的影响

目的：研究不同剂量美维松对膈肌和拇收肌的抑制时程与恢复过程。方法：３０例ＡＳＡⅠ级的成年手术患者，按美维松用量分成两组，Ⅰ组：０．１６ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ⅱ组：０．２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，每组１５例。同步测定跨膈肌压（Ｐｄｉ）和拇收肌对连续四次刺激（ＴＯＦ）反应的Ｔ１（ＡＰＴ１）及ＴＯＦｒ值。结果：显示两组ＡＰＴ１最大抑制相近，是Ｐｄｉ的１．７倍。Ｐｄｉ达到最大抑制及恢复到７５％的时间比ＡＰＴ１快得多。结论：提示美维松对膈肌收缩功能的抑制比拇收肌差，但恢复迅速。     

Infantile myofibromatosis

 Infantile myofibromatosis is a mesenchymal tumor most commonly seen in infancy. The tumors have a variable appearance on CT/MR and often simulate a more aggressive neoplasm. This report describes CT/MR findings in cases of infantile myofibromatosis with pathologic correlation. Discussion into the success of imaging in suggesting the correct diagnosis is also addressed. Infantile myofibromatosis is a mesenchymal disorder of infancy characterized by the presence of tumorous nodules in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, viscera, and bone. Cases of solitary and multiple lesions have been described. We present the clinical, histologic, and radiographic findings of one case of the solitary form of infantile myofibromatosis that was recently diagnosed at our hospital.     

Leakage of carbonic anhydrase III from normal and denervated rat skeletal muscle following contractile activity.

Skeletal muscle extracellular carbonic anhydrase III was investigated in anesthetized rats by a microdialysis technique. A small dialysis probe was inserted into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle and perfused continuously. Perfusates were collected before and during muscle contraction, induced by electrical stimulation of the muscle or of the sciatic nerve. In the perfusate of resting normal and denervated muscle, the concentration of CA III was 10 to 12 ng/mL, as measured by a radioimmunosorbent technique. During contractile activity, the concentrations of CA III increased markedly in the normal and denervated muscle. A TA muscle suspended in physiological saline behaved similarly, even though the leakage before and during contraction was higher than in vivo. The results show that skeletal muscle leaks CA III both in vivo and in vitro, a leakage which was markedly increased by contractile activity. The microdialysis technique should also be useful in humans to study the efflux of various proteins from different kinds of diseased or fatigued muscles.     

Persistence of Mammary Artery Branches and Blood Supply to the Left Anterior Descending Artery

Background. Partial harvesting of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is a widespread technique used during minimally invasive coronary operations performed through a left anterior small thoracotomy. The influence of persisting LIMA branches was investigated to evaluate their effect on the blood flow of the left anterior descending artery.

Methods. Thirty patients, 15 with totally (group A) and 15 with partially (group B) harvested LIMAs, were evaluated. All the patients underwent postoperative angiography, during which a flow map of the LIMA was performed. The average peak velocity and the diastolic-to-systolic peak velocity ratio were recorded. The LIMA graft flow pattern was recorded in the proximal and distal thirds of the artery. Intramammary adenosine (12 to 14 μg) was injected and the average peak velocities before and after injection were calculated.

Results. The average peak velocity was similar in both groups in the proximal and distal thirds of the LIMA (25 ± 7 and 26 ± 5 cm/sec, respectively, in group A versus 27 ± 5 and 25 ± 5 cm/sec, respectively in group B; p = NS). The diastolic-to-systolic peak velocity ratio was similar proximally (0.78 ± 0.3 in group A versus 0.69 ± 0.3 cm/s in group B; p = NS), but not distally (1.72 ± 0.1 in group A versus 0.97 ± 0.3 in group B; p < 0.0005). The LIMA graft flow reserve was similar both proximally and distally (2.6 ± 0.6 and 2.5 ± 0.3 cm/s, respectively, in group A versus 2.6 ± 0.5 and 2.6 ± 0.3 cm/s, respectively, in group B; p = NS).

Conclusions. The persistence of LIMA branches does not influence the blood flow of the left anterior descending artery after acute adenosine-induced myocardial hyperemia. If a left anterior small thoracotomy is used in left anterior descending artery direct revascularization, complete LIMA harvesting is not mandatory and depends on the personal preference of the surgeon.