拇长展肌腱束转位重建多韧带手术治疗第1腕掌关节脱位

目的　报道拇长展肌腱束转位重建第1腕掌关节后斜韧带及背桡侧韧带手术治疗第1腕掌关节脱位的临床疗效。 方法　自2015年1月至2019年12月,对5例第1腕掌关节脱位患者实施关节复位、克氏针牵引固定及拇长展肌腱束重建第1腕掌关节后斜韧带和背桡侧韧带手术,术后4周去除外固定并拔除克氏针开始功能锻炼。根据X线片、拇指关节活动范围（range of motion,ROM）评价手术效果。 结果　术后随访5~12个月（平均8个月）。末次随访复查X线片无关节再脱位;ROM检测,4例屈伸、收展活动恢复正常,1例对掌受限。 结论　采用拇长展肌腱束转位重建第1腕掌关节韧带,可恢复关节稳定性,改善功能。     

The open palm technique for duputren's contracture

Summary The results of subtotal palmar fasciectomy employing an open palm technique have been reviewed. Full correction of the metacarpophalangeal flexion deformity was ackieved in the majority of 120 hands which were followed up for between one and nine years after operation, but the results from associated digital dissection were less satisfactory. Leaving the transverse distal palmar wound open lessens many of the hazards inherent in a palmar dissection, and the approach is therefore relatively safe for the less experienced surgeon. Efficient supervision of the hand after surgery is of paramount importance and may influence the outcome as significantly as the operation itself.

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Résumé Les auteurs présentent les résultats de l'aponévrectomie subtotale réalisée à paume ouverte. Une correction complète de l'attitude en flexion des métacarpo-phalangiennes a été obtenue dans la majorité des 120 mains qui ont été suivies de 1 á 9 ans après l'opération, mais les résultats des dissections digitales associées sont moins satisfaisants. Le fait de laisser ouverte l'incision dans le pli palmaire inférieur diminue nombre des complications inhérentes à la dissection de la paume, et la voie d'abord est relativement sûre pour les chirurgiens moins entraînés. Une surveillance post-opératoire attentive de la main est de la plus haute importance et peut influer sur le résultat tout autant que l'intervention elle-même.

     

Heated palm oil causes rise in blood pressure and cardiac changes in heart muscle in experimental rats

BACKGROUND: Palm oil used worldwide contains considerable amounts of antioxidants, namely, vitamin E and carotenes. The purpose of the study was to observe the effect of heated palm oil on blood pressure and observe the cardiac histological changes in rats. METHODS: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided equally into four groups and given treatment as follows: (i) basal diet (control group); (ii) basal diet fortified with 15% weight/weight (w/w) fresh palm oil (FPO); (iii) basal diet fortified with 15% w/w palm oil heated five times (5HPO); (iv) basal diet fortified with 15% w/w palm oil heated ten times (10HPO). Treatment duration was 16 weeks. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and at monthly intervals for 4 months using the tail-cuff method. After 16 weeks of study, the rats were killed and the hearts were taken out. The specimens were sectioned longitudinally and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for light microscopy. RESULTS: The FPO group did not show any significant changes in blood pressure and histological study. There was a significant increase (p <0.05) in blood pressure in the 5HPO and 10HPO groups. However, blood pressure in the 10HPO group was higher than in the 5HPO group. Histological sections of the heart showed necrosis in cardiac tissue in the 5HPO and 10HPO groups with the latter group showing more damage. CONCLUSIONS: Fresh palm oil has no deleterious effects on blood pressure and cardiac tissue but prolonged consumption of repeatedly heated palm oil may result in an increase in blood pressure level with necrosis of cardiac tissue.     

Effect of Pollen,Pit Powder,and Gemmule Extract of Date Palm on Male Infertility: A Systematic Review

Pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract of the date palm are rich in flavonoids. Antioxidant characteristics of the flavonoids have a significant effect on prevention and treatment of infertility.

The aim of the present study was to review studies investigating the effects of pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract of the date palm on male infertility.

Articles that were published about the topic between 2005 and 2016 were reviewed from different databases in Turkish and English. The search engines used included PubMed, Science Direct, Clinical Key, Google Scholar, Springer, Dergipark, Ulakbim, and Akademik Dizin.

The studies found that pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract of the date palm created positive changes in hormone levels that have a role in male fertility and increased sperm motility and quality, spermatogenesis, and weights of testes and epididymis.

Date palm pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract have a high antioxidant capacity because of phenolic formations in the composition. Such characteristics have a positive effect on prevention and treatment of male infertility. Furthermore, gonadotropic and steroidal compounds within date palm pollen play a role in treatment of male infertility. The limited number of studies conducted on this topic indicates that more research is needed.     

浅谈助产掌在阴道助产临床护理中的应用

目的为了进一步提高我院妇产科的整体医疗水平,保障产妇和胎儿的生命安全,本文就助产掌在阴道助产临床护理中的应用进行了的简单的研究和探讨。方法将2011年11月至2012年11月期间在我院接受阴道助产掌分娩(观察组)的60例患者的临床资料和同期在我院接受出口产钳助产分娩(对照组)的60例患者的临床资料进行回顾性的分析和对比。结果观察组患者产后12 h和24 h的出血量明显低于对照组,两组之间的差异显著(P<0.05)。观察组产妇术后感染的发生率也明显低于对照组,两组之间的差异显著(P<0.05)。结论助产掌在阴道助产临床护理过程中的临床价值十分显著,有效的提高了手术的成功概率,降低了手术的风险性,保障了产妇和新生儿的生命安全,值得推广。     

腹部双叶轴型皮瓣同时修复手掌手背创面的疗效分析

目的探讨腹部双叶轴型皮瓣同时修复手掌手背创面的方法和疗效。方法对2008年6月～2011年6月人院的．采用分别以旋髂浅动脉、腹部浅动脉为轴心血管的腹部双叶带蒂皮瓣转移修复的11例手掌、手背创面皮肤软组织缺损患者的临床资料进行分析,总结手术方法及临床疗效。结果本组患者皮瓣均成活,皮瓣色泽、质地良好．其中3例皮瓣外形较臃肿者,于术后3～6个月行皮瓣修薄术后外形满意。供皮区切口I期愈合。出院后随访6,16个月,平均8个月（其中9例患者获随访,2例失访）,术后6个月皮瓣深痛觉恢复,浅感觉与触觉有少许恢复,保护性感觉均恢复。根据中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评定术后6个月手指总主动活动度（TAM）,优7例,良1例,差1例。结论采用腹部双叶轴型皮瓣同时修复手掌手背创面,手术简便安全．供区损伤小,术后患肢功能、外观佳,是修复手掌手背创面的较好方法之一。     

Palm Olein in the Fat Blend of Infant Formulas: Effect on the Intestinal Absorption of Calcium and Fat,and Bone Mineralization

Objective: To evaluate the published clinical data on the physiologic effects of using palm oil and its low melting fraction, palm olein (PO) as a dominant lipid source in the fat blend in infant formulas.

Design: A systematic search of Medline and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was performed to retrieve studies comparing infants who received infant formulas containing PO with those who received infant formulas without PO or which contained synthetic triacylglyceride as a source of palmitic acid. Outcomes of interest include intestinal fractional absorption of fat, palmitic acid and calcium; and bone mass. The effect size for each dependent variable in each published study was obtained by standardizing based on the difference in means between non-PO and PO group with respect to the standard deviation of the PO group. Trend analysis of the outcome of interest was performed when 3 or more between group comparisons were available. The comparison of effect size across different studies was based on all available data and includes results that showed no significant difference between infants fed PO or non-PO study formulas in the outcomes of interest.

Results: Nine publications were identified with non-PO and PO comparison groups. The gestational ages of infants in the published studies were between 28 to 42 weeks and postnatal ages were birth to 192 days at study onset. Within each published study, there was some variability in the effect size between non-PO and PO groups. The standardized results were consistently significantly (p < 0.05) positive in favor of the feeding with non-PO formulas with respect to increased intestinal fractional absorption of fat, palmitic acid and calcium. The latter two variables were significantly different by at least 0.6 SD. Bone mass measured as total body bone mineral content was significantly higher in the non-PO group by at least 0.3 SD.

Conclusion: The use of PO in infant formulas to match the human milk content of palmitic acid has unintended physiological consequences including diminished intestinal absorption of fat, palmitic acid and calcium and lower bone mass. The avoidance of PO or its substitution with synthetic triacylglyceride in infant formulas can prevent this detrimental effect.     

The effects of palm vitamin E on stress hormone levels and gastric lesions in stress-induced rats

Introduction

This study examines the effects of palm vitamin E (PVE) or α-tocopherol (α-TF) supplementation on adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), corticosterone and gastric lesions in rats exposed to water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS).

Material and methods

Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were divided into three groups. Group I: 20 rats as a control group were given a normal diet. Group II: 20 rats received oral supplementation of PVE at 60 mg/kg body weight. Group III: 20 rats received oral supplementation of α-TF at 60 mg/kg body weight. After the treatment period of 28 days, each group was further subdivided into two groups: 10 rats not exposed to stress, and the other 10 rats subjected to WIRS for 3.5 h. Blood samples were taken to measure the ACTH and corticosterone levels. The rats were then sacrificed and the stomach excised and opened along the greater curvature and examined for lesions.

Results

Rats exposed to WIRS had lesions in their stomach mucosa. Our findings showed that dietary supplementation of PVE or α-TF was able to reduce gastric lesions significantly in comparison to the stressed controls. The WIRS increased plasma ACTH and corticosterone significantly. Palm vitamin E and α-TF treatments reduced these parameters significantly compared to the stressed controls.

Conclusions

Supplementation with either PVE or α-TF reduces the formation of gastric lesions, probably by inhibiting the elevation of ACTH and corticosterone levels induced by stress.     

合成棕点湍蛙抗菌肽的抗菌活性评价

目的对合成棕点湍蛙抗菌肽的抗菌作用进行分析,探讨合成产物与天然产物的一致性以及临床应用价值。方法体外抗菌试验测定合成抗菌肽及与庆大霉素、青霉素和链霉素联合应用对金色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果合成抗菌肽对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌均有一定的杀菌作用,MBC值分别为200 mg.L-1和100 mg.L-1,但活性低于生物化学方法提取的天然产物。合成抗菌肽与青霉素、链霉素联合使用后抗菌作用有增强趋势,其中与青霉素联合使用的效果较明显,MBC值达到青霉素/合成肽为0.625 mg.L-1/25 mg.L-1。结论抗菌肽的联合应用可能有助于改善病原性细菌对传统抗生素的耐药性。     

Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Microcrystalline Cellulose of Date Palm Fibers as a Promising Candidate for Bio-Nanocomposites: Isolation and Characterization

Date palm fiber (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a natural biopolymer rich in lignocellulosic components. Its high cellulose content lends them to the extraction of tiny particles like microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). These cellulose-derived small size particles can be used as an alternative biomaterial in wide fields of application due to their renewability and sustainability. In the present work, NCC (A) and NCC (B) were isolated from date palm MCC at 60 min and 90 min hydrolysis times, respectively. The isolated NCC product was subjected to characterization to study their properties differences. With the hydrolysis treatment, the yields of produced NCC could be attained at between 22% and 25%. The infrared-ray functional analysis also revealed the isolated NCC possessed a highly exposed cellulose compartment with minimized lignoresidues of lignin and hemicellulose. From morphology evaluation, the nanoparticles’ size was decreased gradually from NCC (A) (7.51 nm width, 139.91 nm length) to NCC (B) (4.34 nm width, 111.51 nm length) as a result of fragmentation into cellulose fibrils. The crystallinity index was found increasing from NCC (A) to NCC (B). With 90 min hydrolysis time, NCC (B) showed the highest crystallinity index of 71% due to its great cellulose rigidity. For thermal analysis, NCC (B) also exhibited stable heat resistance, in associating with its highly crystalline cellulose structure. In conclusion, the NCC isolated from date palm MCC would be a promising biomaterial for various applications such as biomedical and food packaging applications.