仙台病毒在儿童急性呼吸道感染中的血清学调查

目的：检测仙台病毒在天津市儿童急性呼吸道感染中的情况。方法：血凝抑制试验。结果：39份患儿血清标本中检测出12份仙台病毒抗体阳性，阳性率30．77％；结论：呼吸道疾病的高发季节，仙台病毒在儿童急性呼吸道感染中占重要地位。     

大鼠仙台病毒ELISA、间接免疫荧光和免疫印迹三种检测方法的比较

目的比较ELISA(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)、IFA(immuno-fluorescence assay)和WB(Western blot)三种方法在大鼠仙台病毒血清学检测中的差异。方法仙台病毒蛋白抗原经凝胶电泳分离转移后用于血清学检测的WB方法;使用IFA、ELISA方法对20份无菌大鼠、227份SPF大鼠以及63份清洁级大鼠送检血清样品进行检测,阳性及可疑样品用WB方法进行了验证。结果 20份无菌大鼠血清样品被3种方法检测为仙台病毒抗体阴性;SPF级大鼠样品被IFA方法判定为阴性,1.32%(3/227)被ELISA方法判定为阳性,其中有2/3被WB确认为阳性;ELISA、IFA和WB在清洁级大鼠样品中检出仙台病毒的阳性率分别为为18.12%、11.34%和15.87%。结论三种检测方法灵敏度从高到低依次为ELISA、WB和IFA。WB方法可作为IFA和ELISA难以确定结果的替代方法。     

Natural killer cell activity during pregnancy

Natural killer cell activity was found to be depressed from the early period of pregnancy to the third trimester, as compared to that in the nonpregnant state. Natural killer cell activity in the puerperium tended to be depressed slightly more than during pregnancy. There were no differences in activity between toxemic and normal pregnant women in the same gestational week. A retrospective survey showed a negative correlation between natural killer cell activity during pregnancy and the birth weight of the baby. Although the role of natural killer cells during pregnancy needs to be more clearly elucidated, they may be involved in fetal growth.     

Recent advances in the chemistry of parainfluenza-1 (Sendai) virus inhibitors

Purine and pyrimidine derivatives, antioxidants, fusion inhibitors, statins, prostaglandins, antibiotic nucleosides, inhibitors of Ca(2+) homeostasis, carbohydrate derivatives, antisense polynucleotides and chimeras, are described as inhibitors of parainfluenza-1 (Sendai) viral infections.     

Arterial Complication After Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation From an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Donor: A Case Report

Background

With the current disparity between the donor organ availability and recipient needs, various marginal organs with anatomical variations or concomitant diseases have begun to be used. We present a case of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKTx) from a marginal donor with a giant abdominal aortic aneurysm who was incidentally found to be an organ donor after brain death.

Immunocytochemical Colocalization of Specific Immunoglobulin A with Sendai Virus Protein in Infected Polarized Epithelium

Immunoglobulin (Ig)A provides the initial immune barrier to viruses at mucosal surfaces. Specific IgA interrupts viral replication in polarized epithelium during receptor-mediated transport, probably by binding to newly synthesized viral proteins. Here, we demonstrate by immunoelectron microscopy that specific IgA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) accumulate within Sendai virus–infected polarized cell monolayers and colocalize with the hemagglutinin– neuraminidase (HN) viral protein in a novel intracellular structure. Neither IgG specific for HN nor irrelevant IgA mAbs colocalize with viral protein. Treatment of cultures with viral-specific IgA but not with viral-specific IgG or irrelevant IgA decreases viral titers. These observations provide definitive ultrastructural evidence of a subcellular compartment in which specific IgA and viral envelope proteins interact, further strengthening our hypothesis of intracellular neutralization of virus by specific IgA antibodies. Our results have important implications for intracellular protein trafficking, viral replication, and viral vaccine development.     

Successful treatment of chromoblastomycosis with topical heat therapy

Four female patients with chromoblastomycosis were completely cured by prolonged topical application of tolerable heat from pocket warmers. The lesions involuted after 2, 3, and 6 months, respectively, in three patients who faithfully followed our strict treatment schedule, in contrast to the fourth patient who performed the topical heat therapy in an irregular manner at home over a 12-month period. In vitro studies showed that the mature colonies of Fonsecaea pedrosoi, isolated from three of the patients, withstood persistent heating at 42.5 degrees C for more than 1 month. This suggested that heat killing of the causative organisms is unlikely to have been the sole reason for the effectiveness of this simple therapeutic modality.     

仙台病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立及灰仓鼠中流行情况调查

目的建立仙台病毒(SV)RT-PCR检测方法,并对灰仓鼠仙台病毒感染情况进行调查。方法根据NCBI发表的SV(gi:9627219)基因组序列设计引物,建立RT-PCR方法,对方法的特异性和灵敏性进行验证,并用该方法检测60份灰仓鼠的肺脏样本。结果建立的SV RT-PCR方法显示有较好的敏感性和特异性:以仙台病毒为模板扩增产生197 bp的单一目的条带,经测序比对与NCBI数据库中SV相关序列的一致率为98%,而以猴副流感病毒(SV5)、犬瘟热病毒、小鼠肺炎病毒、呼肠孤病毒III型及腮腺炎病毒为对照无任何条带产生;能检出的SVcDNA最低浓度是96.8 ng/mL;用该方法检测60份灰仓鼠,SV的感染率为3.33%(2/60)。结论建立的SV RT-PCR方法可用于实验类啮齿动物动物SV的常规检测,自然条件下灰仓鼠感染SV的问题不容忽视。