恶性肿瘤累及颈动脉的外科处理

为探讨头颈部恶性肿瘤侵犯颈动脉的外科治疗，对５例喉癌或下咽癌颈淋巴结转移累及一侧颈动脉病人，术前经ＣＴ或Ｂ超检查，３例经术前体外颈动脉压迫训练合格后手术切除受累段颈总动脉，２例系术中损伤颈总动脉后紧急切除受轻动脉。其中１例即刻行断端吻合，５例术中，术后均无明显脑缺血表现，３例术后随访２年以上健在，２例尚在随访中。     

脑疝复位天幕切开与常规手术治疗重型脑外伤脑疝的临床对照研究

目的　比较脑疝复位天幕裂孔切开与常规去骨瓣手术治疗重型脑外伤引起脑挫裂伤脑水肿、颅内血肿出现脑疝晚期患者的手术效果。方法　共收治重型脑外伤脑疝晚期患者5 6例,分为2组:脑疝复位组31例;常规手术组2 5例。患者术前GCS计分均为3～5分、双瞳孔散大或有不同程度散大,所有患者都经头颅CT扫描确定脑损伤情况。结果　患者术后存活者随访1a ,脑疝复位组:恢复良好/中残1 0例、重残/长期昏迷7例、死亡1 4例(45 %) ;常规手术组:恢复良好/中残1例、重残/长期昏迷3例、死亡2 1例(84 %) (P <0 .0 5 )。脑疝复位组术后大脑后动脉梗死、应激性溃疡、脑积水发生率明显低于常规手术组(P均<0 .0 5 )。结论　脑疝复位天幕裂孔切开治疗重型脑外伤引起脑挫裂伤脑水肿、颅内血肿出现脑疝晚期患者疗效明显优于常规去骨瓣手术。     

切挂选择缝合术治疗急性期高位复杂性肛瘘临床观察

目的观察切挂选择缝合术提高急性期高位复杂性肛瘘疗效、减少术后并发症的效果.方法对23例患者给予中西医结合术式"切开、挂线、选择缝合术"治疗.结果 23例一次性治愈22例,1例切口感染后经二次手术引流而愈;平均疗程(23.61±1.71)d.结论切挂选择缝合术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘急性期疗效好、痛苦小、疗程短,且并发症和后遗症少.     

Glucocorticoids exacerbate insult-induced declines in metabolism in selectively vulnerable hippocampal cell fields

Glucocorticoids (GCs), the adrenal steroids released during stress, can compromise the ability of hippocampal neurons to survive necrotic neurological insults. This GC-induced endangerment has energetic facets, in that it can be attenuated with energy supplementation. In the present report, we studied the effects of GCs on the metabolic response of specific hippocampal cell fields to necrotic insults. We used silicon microphysiometry, which allows indirect measurement of metabolism in real time in tissue explants. Aglycemia caused a significant decline in metabolism in dentate gyrus explants, but not in CA1 or CA3 explants. When coupled with our prior report of cyanide disrupting metabolism only in CA1 explants, and the glutamatergic excitotoxin kainic acid disrupting metabolism only in CA3 explants, this demonstrates that microphysiometry can detect the selective regional vulnerability that characterizes the hippocampal response to these necrotic insults. We then examined the effects of GCs on the response to these insults, monitoring explants taken from rats that were adrenalectomized, intact, or treated with corticosterone (the GC of rats) that produced circulating levels equivalent to those of major stressors. Increased exposure to GCs worsened the decline in metabolism in dentate gyrus explants induced by hypoglycemia, and in CA1 explants induced by cyanide (after eliminating the effects of glial release of lactate for the support of neuronal metabolism). Thus, GCs worsen the metabolic consequences of necrotic insults in hippocampal explants.     

选择性子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤32例分析

目的 研究应用选择性子官动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤32例临床效果。方法 32例子宫肌瘤患者均采用经皮股动脉穿刺，两侧子宫动脉插管，经导管注入PVA颗粒，阻断肌瘤血供。结果 32例栓塞成功率96.88％，随访6个月，月经量及月经周期恢复正常，贫血好转。术后3个月瘤体平均缩小40％以上；术后6个月瘤体平均缩小50％以上，其中3例完全消失；无1例出现严重并发症。结论 选择性子官动脉栓塞是子宫肌瘤安全、有效的治疗方法。     

选择性肠道去污对小儿MODS防治效果的临床观察

目的研究选择性肠道去污(SDD)对小儿MODS的防治效果。方法2004年4月~2005年6月在ICU住院的符合MODS诊断的患儿60名,随机分成常规治疗组M1组(30名),常规治疗 口服庆大治疗(SDD)M2组(30名),分析研究治疗前、后两组患儿的血清炎症介质的变化、并发症的发生率和病死率。结果M1组在ICU的平均住院时间为(14.68±4.8)d,M2组为(9.69±1.56)d,(P<0.05);M1组出现感染并发症的人数多于M2组;M2组患儿中性粒细胞计数在治疗期间下降更为明显;M1组患儿血清TNF浓度在治疗前、后没有显著变化,M2组血清TNF浓度在治疗后明显降低。结论选择性肠道去污的治疗能有效减轻并发症,缩短病程,能否降低病死率有待进一步探讨。     

咸宁市咸安区饮食业砧板微生物污染情况调查

目的：为了解本区部分饮食业砧板微生物污染情况。方法：采用纸片粘贴法采样184块砧板，用平皿菌落计数和发酵培养及ELISA法检测，并对生熟食砧板的微生物污染情况进行比较。结果：生菜砧板和熟食砧板微生物超标率分别为85．10％和72．86％，二者之间有显著性差异（P〈0．05），生菜砧板细菌总数超标率和大肠菌群及致病菌检出率分别为80．7％、76．32％和20．18％，熟菜砧板细菌总数超标率和大肠菌群及致病菌检出率分别为67．14％、48．57％和2．8％，前者污染率明显高于后者，上述各指标均差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：餐饮业砧板微生物污染严重，生菜砧板污染率明显高于熟食砧板，因此应该加强食品卫生监测和管理。     

Immobilization of sodium alginate sulfates on polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes for selective adsorption of low-density lipoprotein

A novel method for the immobilization of sodium alginate sulfates (SAS) on polysulfone (PSu) ultrafiltration membranes to achieve selective adsorption of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was developed, which involved the photoinduced graft polymerization of acrylamide on the membrane and the Hofmann rearrangement reaction of grafted acrylamide followed by chemical binding of SAS with glutaraldehyde. The surface modification processes were confirmed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization. Zeta potential and water contact angle measurements were performed to investigate the surface charge and wettability of the membranes. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the binding of LDL on plain and modified PSu membranes. It was found that the PSu membrane immobilized with sodium alginate sulfates (PSu-SAS) greatly enhanced the selective adsorption of LDL from protein solutions and the absorbed LDL could be easily eluted with sodium chloride solution, indicating a specific and reversible binding of LDL to SAS, mainly driven by electrostatic forces. Furthermore, the PSu-SAS membrane showed good blood compatibility as examined by platelet adhesion. The results suggest that the PSu-SAS membranes are promising for application in simultaneous hemodialysis and LDL apheresis therapy.