Polymer hydration and stiffness at biointerfaces and related cellular processes

The direct and indirect (by changing mechanical properties) effects of hydration at interfaces on cellular processes and tissue diseases are reviewed. The essential effect of substrate stiffness on cellular processes was demonstrated in the last decade. The combined effect of surface stiffness and hydration at interfaces has garnered much less attention, though hydration and dehydration play important roles in biological processes. This review focuses on the studies that demonstrate how hydration affects biological processes at interfaces. Elevated sodium and dehydration stimulate inflammatory signaling in endothelial cells and promote atherosclerosis. Various types of implant and blood contacting device coatings with varied surface stiffness and hydration have been reported. Effect of hydration on polymer modulus of elasticity and viscoelasticity was discussed taking into account cells adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation on surfaces with various degree of hydration. Future directions of research were considered, including the use of nanotechnology to regulate the hydration degree.     

基于商品规格等级的山慈菇本草考证及近现代文献研究

以历代本草著作、近现代专著及现有标准为基础,考证山慈菇进行本草及文献,为其开发利用提供参考和依据。经考证山慈菇基原在唐宋时期较明确,为兰科植物杜鹃兰Cremastra appendiculata（D.Don)Makino的假鳞茎;明代之后增加老鸦瓣（光慈姑）、丽江山慈菇（地方习用品）等来源,直至清代《植物名实图考》将异科异属植物黄独作为山慈菇药材来源,表明古时山慈菇同名异物、异物同名现象较多,且品种混乱不清,混伪品较多。近代逐步确定山慈菇基原与2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》的基原规定一致。山慈菇历代以江苏、浙江为佳,之后产区扩大至江西、湖南、广西,近代推崇四川、贵州地区所产;多在夏秋6—8月采挖,除去地上部分及泥沙,分开大小置沸水锅中蒸煮至透心,干燥,以假鳞茎入药,炮制品多为生品。经产地及市场调查发现,山慈菇商品均为统货,未分规格等级。由于现有标准未规定含量测定指标,且山慈菇药材伪品、混用品及地方习用品较多,亟须明确其特征性品质指标,同时结合商品规格等级,进一步提升山慈菇药材的质量标准,以促进药材整体的优质优价,有效地临床应用及安全性评价。     

款冬花药材质量评价方法的研究现状及分析

款冬花Farfarae Flos是中医临床和中药工业中常用药材,其质量直接关系到中医临床用药的安全性和有效性。从性状、显微鉴别、薄层鉴别、定量测定、指纹图谱、商品规格标准等方面对款冬花的质量评价方法及研究现状进行综述和分析,为款冬花的质量标准提升提供必要的参考。     

质量常数方法应用于山楂饮片等级评价研究

目的:采用质量常数法对山楂饮片进行等级评价研究。方法:以不同产地、不同厂家的13批山楂饮片为研究对象,建立山楂饮片的质量常数,并用于山楂饮片的等级划分。结果:山楂饮片分为3个等级,一等品为质量评价结果在前20%的饮片,其质量常数(A)≥54.99,二等品为质量评价结果在20%~50%的饮片,其34.37≤A<54.99,其余为三等品,其A<4.37。结论:中药质量常数方法用于划分山楂饮片等级是可行的,能客观地反映不同等级山楂的质量。     

综合评分法在阿德福韦酯分散片处方筛选中的应用

目的::优化阿德福韦酯分散片处方。方法:以休止角、崩解时限、混悬液稳定性和5min溶出度为指标,采用正交设计综合评分法优化阿德福韦酯分散片的处方。结果:优选分散片处方为崩解剂PVPP用量14%、填充剂微晶纤维素和乳糖比例2∶1、黏合剂PVP用量2%。所制分散片可在3min内能崩解并全部通过2号筛,5min溶出度明显优于市售普通片。结论:正交设计综合评分法可用于阿德福韦酯分散片的处方优化。     

应用均匀设计研究天冬甜精中间体合成工艺

运用均匀设计,结合关联度分析和回归分析,借助电子计算机考察了天冬甜精中间体的合成工艺。通过四因素试验,仅进行八个实验就得到了较高的收率。     

Evaluation of Moisture Damage Potential in Hot Mix Asphalt Using Polymeric Aggregate Treatment

To enhance the moisture damage performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA), treating the aggregate surface with a suitable additive was a more convenient approach. In this research, two types of aggregate modifiers were used to study the effect of moisture damage on HMA. Three different aggregate sources were selected based on their abundance of use in HMA. To study the impact of these aggregate modifiers on moisture susceptibility of HMA, the indirect tensile strength test and indirect tensile modulus test were used as the performance tests. Moisture conditioning of specimens was carried out to simulate the effect of moisture on HMA. The prepared samples’ tensile strength ratio (TSR) and stiffness modulus (Sm) results indicated a decrease in the strength of the HMA after moisture conditioning. After treating the aggregate surface with additives, an improvement was seen in dry and wet strength and stiffness. Moreover, an increasing trend was observed for both additives. The correlation between TSR and strength loss reveals a strong correlation (R² = 0.7219). Also, the two additives indicate increased wettability of asphalt binder over aggregate, thus improving the adhesion between aggregate and asphalt binder.     

等级护理收入提高背景下的护理成本分析

目的：核算等级护理项目的成本,提出护理成本管理的建议。方法：采用回顾性调查法,对2004年和2005年护理人员在等级护理项目中直接成本投入和产出情况进行描述性分析。结果：护理等级越高,成本回收率越低。结论：建议运用价值规律,对等级护理的成本进行核算,比较实际成本与收费的差异,为护理人力资源的合理利用,探讨护理工作的价值提供依据。     

术中MR液体反转恢复序列在低级别神经胶质瘤切除术中的应用价值

目的 探讨术中磁共振成像(intraoperative MRI,iMRI)中的液体反转恢复序列(fluid attenuated inversion recovery,FLAIR)在低级别神经胶质瘤(WHO Ⅰ～Ⅱ级)切除术中的应用价值,从而对是否存在残留肿瘤的诊断提供帮助.方法 选取18例低级别神经胶质瘤(low-g...