直肠阴道瘘经阴道手术治疗探讨

目的探讨直肠阴道瘘（rectovaginal fistula,RVF）经阴道手术修补的方法及手术成功的关键。方法2007年2月～2013年4月,对13例RVF经阴道修补。其中4例为RVF二次修补术,3例有2个瘘孔。均于瘘口形成半年后手术,术中不切除瘘管,采用“向心性”分离,充分利用瘘口周围的组织填补加固创面。结果13例瘘口均顺利愈合,无须行结肠造瘘术。手术时间25～55rain,（35±15）min。随访0．5～7年,平均2．5年,无复发。结论直肠阴道瘘经阴道修补简单易行,术中无需切除瘘管,手术时机、术前准备、术式的选择、术后管理是直肠阴道瘘治疗成功的关键。     

Kugel无张力修补术治疗腹股沟区疝355例疗效分析

目的 探讨Kugel无张力修补术治疗腹股沟区疝的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析355例腹股沟区疝Kugel无张力修补术的病例资料,分析患者手术时间、术后疼痛、手术费用及并发症的发生情况结果 平均手术时间为35.4 min(20～ 130 min),平均手术费用为6 253元;术后出现慢性疼痛6例、皮下血肿3例、浆液肿1例、伤口感染2例.平均随访36个月(7～85个月),1例复发.结论 Kugel无张力修补术治疗腹股沟区疝具有安全有效,具有术后疼痛轻、恢复快、复发率低及并发症少等优势.     

Abdominal lipectomy and mesh repair of midline periumbilical hernia after bariatric surgery: How to spare the umbilicus

Background: Abdominal lipectomy is becoming an increasingly common surgical procedure in patients with esthetic deformities resulting from massive weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. Sometimes a midline incisional hernia coexists with the pendulus abdomen. Herein presented is a technique to perform a retromuscular mesh repair of the incisional hernia while sparing the umbilicus. Methods: The abdominal lipectomy with concomitant retro-muscular mesh repair of a midline incisional hernia is done sparing the vascular supply of the umbilicus on one side only. Results: 5 consecutive women with pendulus abdomen resulting from bariatric surgery-induced massive weight loss and concomitant midline incisional hernia underwent abdominal lipectomy and incisional hernia mesh repair. Mean BMI was 28.6 kg/m² (range 26–35), one patient was a smoker, and another had type 2 diabetes requiring oral hypoglycemic agents. Two patients had had a previous incisional hernia repair with intraperitoneal mesh. One patient had partial necrosis of the umbilicus and another experienced necrosis of only the epidermis that recovered fully. Conclusions: The umbilicus can be safely spared during abdominal lipectomy with concomitant midline incisional hernia mesh repair. Recurrent incisional hernia and common risk factors for wound healing such as diabetes and obesity increase the risk of umbilical necrosis.     

老年人下肢动脉闭塞的血管重建术262例分析

目的 总结对下肢缺血老年患者进行动脉重建术的手术效果及影响预后的因素.方法 回顾性分析从2006年1月至2008年11月收治的262例下肢动脉缺血的老年患者的临床资料.总结对老年患者行下肢动脉重建术围手术期的关注要点及影响远期预后的因素.结果 本组262例老年患者(323条患肢),下肢动脉血管旁路术102条,腔内治疗98条,单纯取栓/内膜剥脱术67条,手术(血管搭桥/取栓/内膜剥脱术)结合腔内治疗多节段病变56条.手术成功率94.7%,围手术期死亡2例(30 d内),围手术期严重并发症15例.262例中245例患者获得术后获有效随访,随防率93.5%,随访时间1～35个月,平均(18±10)个月.随访期内,死亡15例,血管Ⅰ期通畅率80.5%,Ⅱ期通畅率92.7%,保肢率95.2%.危险因素分析提示:有冠心病病史和年龄大于70岁的病例组在随访期内死亡明显高于其他组.合并糖尿病、病情严重、病变范围广导致术后血管再闭塞发生率高,且截肢数量增加.结论 重症下肢动脉闭塞症的动脉重建术依赖于熟练的手术经验,综合性的多科室协作,合理的手术方案以及围手术期的细致管理.     

普理灵疝装置修补老年腹股沟疝40例体会

目的：观察普理灵疝装置(PHS)在老年腹股沟斜疝修补术中的应用效果。方法：使用强生公司PHS修补老年腹股沟疝40例（包括马鞍疝2例），其中有单侧疝36例，双侧疝4例：原发疝29例，复发疝11例。复发疝中1例前手术为单纯平片修补术，10例为传统张力修补术。结果：40例老年腹股沟疝病人修补术后结果满意，短期随访效果良好。结论：普理灵疝装置在腹股沟疝修补术中是有效，安全，方便的。     

关节镜辅助下小切口修复肩袖损伤

目的　探讨关节镜辅助下小切口修复肩袖损伤的方法与疗效。方法　 1999年 5月至 2 0 0 3年 10月 ,采用关节镜辅助下小切口修复肩袖损伤 3 2例。术前 3 2例行肩关节X线片和肩关节MRI检查 ,其中 15例行肩关节造影检查 ,结果均证实为肩袖损伤。关节镜下发现肩袖附着处撕脱伤 5例 ,肩袖损伤2 7例。关节镜下行肩峰成形术 3 0例 ,小切口作肩峰成形术 2例。肩袖全层损伤在关节镜辅助下小切口行肩袖缝合术 2 2例 ,肩袖不完全性损伤在关节镜下作射频清理术 10例。结果　 3 2例术后随访 6～ 3 2个月 ,平均 10个月。根据美国UCLA肩关节评分标准评估 ,优 2 2例 ,良 5例 ,可 5例 ,优良率达 84.3 7%。结论　关节镜辅助下肩峰成形和小切口修复肩袖损伤具有操作安全简便、创伤小、有利于早期功能练习和康复。     

腹腔镜下Toupet胃底折叠术式治疗食管裂孔疝的临床应用

目的 探讨使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术的疗效和安全性.方法 对61例食管裂孔疝患者使用腹腔镜行食管裂孔疝修补术,做胃底270°部分折叠术(Toupet术),19例应用补片修补疝缺口,42例采用直接线缝合.结果 61例腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术全部获得成功.手术时间30～190 rain,平均手术时间110 min,失血10～50 mL;术后24～48 h进流质饮食,无术后并发症;术后平均住院5.7 d.结论 61例患者的反酸症状均在24 h内缓解,术后停用抗酸药物,修补术具有疗效确定、安全和创伤小的优点,值得进一步推广应用.     

累及主动脉弓部病变的完全腔内治疗:95例中长期随访结果

目的探讨完全腔内技术治疗累及主动脉弓部病变的中长期随访结果。方法回顾性分析2010年1月~2017年12月95例应用完全腔内技术处理累及主动脉弓部病变的临床资料,其中烟囱支架技术81例,“开窗”技术8例(原位4例,体外4例),分支支架技术6例。结果共植入胸主动脉覆膜支架主体95枚,重建主动脉弓部分支动脉124支,其中无名动脉7支,左颈总动脉36支,左锁骨下动脉81支。2例原位开窗失败中转烟囱技术重建分支。术中Ⅰ型内漏11例(11.6%),其中5例弹簧圈栓塞后消失,6例轻微内漏随访观察。技术成功率91.6%(87/95)。围术期死亡3例(3.2%),一过性截瘫1例(1.1%),脑梗死2例(2.1%),急性心肌梗死2例(2.1%),急性肺损伤1例(1.1%)。存活92例中随访83例,随访率90.2%。1例术后4个月死于脑梗死,1例术后6个月因多器官功能衰竭死亡,其余81例随访时间28~106(58.9±17.9)月,其中73例>36个月。8例因Ⅰ型内漏行二次手术栓塞,未见支架移位、狭窄、闭塞等并发症。结论通过多种完全腔内技术重建各主动脉弓部的分支血管,为累及主动脉弓部病变提供微创治疗机会,中长期随访结果满意。     

Evaluation of new prosthetic meshes for ventral hernia repair

Background In hernia repair, particularly laparoscopic hernia repair, direct contact between mesh and abdominal organs cannot always be avoided. Several mesh materials and composite meshes have been developed to decrease subsequent adhesion formation. Recently, new meshes have been introduced. In an experimental rat study, their value was established and compared with that of meshes already available on the market. Methods In 200 rats, eight different meshes were placed intraperitoneally and in direct contact with abdominal viscera. The following meshes were tested: polypropylene (Prolene), e-PTFE (Dualmesh), polypropylene– polyglecaprone composite (Ultrapro), titanium–polypropylene composite (Timesh), polypropylene with carboxymethylcellulose–sodium hyaluronate coating (Sepramesh), polyester with collagen-polyethylene glycol–glycerol coating (Parietex Composite), polypropylene–polydioxanone composite with oxidized cellulose coating (Proceed), and bovine pericardium (Tutomesh). At 7 and then at 30 days postoperatively, adhesion formation, mesh incorporation, tensile strength, shrinkage, and infection were scored by two independent observers. Results Parietex Composite, Sepramesh, and Tutomesh resulted in decreased surface coverage with adhesions, whereas Prolene, Dualmesh, Ultrapro, Timesh, and Proceed resulted in increased adhesion coverage. Parietex Composite, Prolene, Ultrapro, and Sepramesh resulted in the most mesh incorporation. Dualmesh and Tutomesh resulted in significantly increased shrinkage. There were no differences in mesh infection. Parietex Composite and Dualmesh resulted in a moderate inflammatory reaction, as compared with the mild reaction the other meshes exhibited. Conclusion Parietex Composite and Sepramesh combine minimal adhesion formation with maximum mesh incorporation and tensile strength. The authors recommend the use of these meshes for hernia repair in which direct contact with the abdominal viscera cannot be avoided.