骨性关节炎发病机制的研究进展

骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是最常见的关节疾病之一。随着中国社会跨入老龄化时代,OA发病率逐年升高,对于其发病机制的研究也受到研究人员不断重视。研究发现,以白细胞介素1β(interle ukin-1β,IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)为主的炎症细胞因子是组建起OA炎症网络的罪魁祸首。并且发现以基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMPs)和含血小板反应蛋白基序的解聚素样金属蛋白酶(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs,ADAMTS)为主的蛋白酶过度表达,是造成OA软骨缺如的直接原因。此外,基质细胞衍生因子-1 (stromal cell derived factor-1,SDF-1)和Wnt等信号通路,软骨细胞衰老与衰老相关分泌表型(senescence-associated secretory phenotype,SASP),软骨细胞凋亡与自噬,雌激素等均在OA发病中发挥了重要作用。本文广泛查阅了近几年与OA发病机制有关的研究文献,从分子层次与细胞层次两方面对OA发病机制进行了系统阐述。并且于文末谈论预测了未来OA临床诊疗中的一些潜在方向。     

NOD样受体蛋白1炎性小体在创伤性中枢神经损伤中的作用

NOD样受体蛋白1（NOD-like receptor protein 1,NLRP1）炎性小体在人体固有免疫反应中发挥着重要作用,可促进半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶（cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinases,Caspases）的活化,进一步激活白介素-18和白介素-1β,同时介导细胞焦亡,NLRP1炎性小体在创伤性中枢神经损伤中发挥着作用,本文就NLRP1炎性小体的结构、NLRP1炎性小体在创伤性中枢神经损伤中的激活以及以NLRP1炎性小体为靶点的治疗等方面进行了综述。     

应用CiteSpace软件对腹腔镜肝切除术文献行可视化分析报告

Visual analysis of laparoscopic hepatectomy by CiteSpace software        LIU Yao*,CAO Kuan,ZHANG Bin,et al. *Graduate School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004,China Corresponding author：WANG Ren-hao, E-mail:wangrenhao@xzhmu.edu.cn Abstract    Objective    To analyze the papers,research hotspots and research trends in the research field of laparoscopic hepatectomy,so as to provide references for relevant personnel in this field to carry out the academic research of laparoscopic hepatectomy.  Methods    In the web of Science（WOS）,take " laparoscopic liver resection " as the subject word, "August 20,2021" as the time node,and "paper or review" as the source to limit the type of journals. Use Excel to sort out the retrieved documents,and get the basic overview of the annual number of documents,countries or regions,periodicals,institutions and authors. Use CiteSpace to perform keyword cluster analysis,and obtain the research hotspot and development trend. Results    A total of 2792 articles were retrieved,the total number of publications was small,  but the annual publication volume showed an increasing trend. Literature sources were highly concentrated in a few countries or regions. More than 100 articles in this field were published by 3 journals. More than 100 documents issued by 3 issuing institutions. More than 50 articles issued by 10 people. The research hotspots in this field focused on radiofrequency ablation,liver surgery,cholecystectomy,liver transferase and surgical management. From the evolution trend of research topics from 2002 to 2021,partial hepatectomy,ultrasonography,cancer cells,malignant tumors,liver tumors,laparoscopic cholecystectomy,bile duct injury,radiofrequency ablation of liver metastasis,surgical management,diagnostic laparoscopy,single center,meta-analysis and outcm are the frontier topics in this field,it may become the focus of scholars' attention in the next few years. Conclusion    Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely used all over the world because of its advantages of small trauma and rapid recovery. In the future,it is necessary to pay attention to the cutting-edge research in this field and explore new surgical methods on the existing basis.     

周细胞在脊髓损伤中的作用

脊髓损伤(SCI)会导致患者自主神经功能、运动和感觉功能丧失,对患者的生活质量产生极大影响[1].SCI的病理变化包括损伤部位缺血、缺氧、神经元受损、瘢痕组织形成和炎性反应等[2].近年来, SCI的病理变化机制研究日趋深入,周细胞作为脊髓微环境的重要组成部位,在SCI的病理过程中发挥着重要作用.SCI发生后神经元轴突遭到破坏,这一过程伴随着血-脊髓屏障的破坏,神经胶质细胞和神经元细胞活化,并分泌多种副产物(包括基质金属蛋白酶、游离氧自由基、趋化因子和细胞因子)[3].各种免疫细胞渗入损伤部位[4],受损区域周围还会产生星形胶质细胞,小胶质细胞同样会被激活[5-6].     

¿Cómo medir el estatus migratorio de la población infantil y juvenil? Estudios sobre salud y desigualdades en salud en Europa

ObjectiveTo analyse how the migration status of the child and young population is measured in the scientific literature on health and social inequalities in health in Europe.MethodA systematic search of the literature published in Spanish, English and French between 2007 and 2017 in PubMed and Social Sciences Citation Index was carried out. The included studies analysed health and social inequalities in health of a population under 18 years old according to its migration origin in Europe. The variables used to measure the migration status were described.Results50 articles were included. Twenty studies analysed perinatal health, eleven mental health, nine dental health, and ten studies other variables. The main variables to define migration status were the country of birth (32 studies), either of the child, the mother, or one of the parents, and sometimes in a complementary way. Less frequent was the use of nationality (15 studies), of the child, or of the parents, especially the mother. Migration status is referred to in very different ways, not always comparable and sometimes the variable used is not clearly explained.ConclusionsThere is a great diversity of ways to measure migration status in the child and young population. A better definition and consensus is needed to improve the temporal and geographical comparability of knowledge in this area, which will help to design public policies aimed at reducing social inequalities in health from childhood.     

可穿戴设备在慢性非传染性疾病中的研究进展

慢性非传染性疾病主要会造成对心、脑、肺等重要器官的损害,其中心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、糖尿病等慢性疾病已成为目前导致患者死亡的主要因素,防控形势严峻。随着科学技术的发展与实践应用,可穿戴设备在医疗监测领域的探索取得了重要进展。该研究着重介绍可穿戴设备在几种常见慢性非传染性疾病中的最新研究进展,展望可穿戴设备在慢性非传染性疾病领域的应用前景与挑战。     

学科馆员队伍建设及其在医学文献采访中的作用

文章论述了学科馆员队伍的建设以及学科馆员在医学文献采访工作中的作用，介绍了苏州大学图书馆在这些方面的实践和取得的成效。     

近年血小板减少性紫癜文献分析

本文通过对1995-2003年有关血小板减少性紫癜文献年代分布、期刊分布、著者、文献主题词分布等方面进行统计分析,寻找其研究热点和发展趋势,为临床研究及治疗提供借鉴。     

医学文献检索虚拟课堂

本文就《医学文献检索》虚拟课堂的建设提出了构想,包括实现技术、硬软件需求和课堂内容组织等。并提供了建设实例。