第12届ECOO会议非小细胞肺癌内科治疗进展概要

晚期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)治疗效果差 ,是研究的热点之一。对第 12届欧洲肿瘤大会 (EC CO)关于肺癌内科治疗的进展做一综述     

去粗取精去伪存真——宋立人教授谈本草文献研究

中医文献学是中医药学发展的先导,本草文献研究是中医文献研究中的一个最薄弱环节,这与我国历史悠久、地域广阔、各地药物使用情况不同有关。中药品种混乱、同名异物、真伪互用等现象的存在,不但影响了用药规范和药物的临床疗效,更严重地阻碍了中医药事业的发展,因此本草文献研究实乃当务之争。综合性本草的研究当以《证类本草》为起点,专题性本草可分食疗、炮制、民间药物、中药药性、中药药理、临床应用等类加以研究。在本草     

Neonatal seizures

The newborn brain is particularly vulnerable to seizures which are associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcome. The clinical manifestations of seizures in infants differ from those seen in older children and adults. The problem of electro-clinical dissociation, where there is no temporal correspondence between electrical paroxysms and repetitive stereotyped motor phenomena, is common in the newborn. There is at present very little information on which clinicians can base a rational decision about treatment which is often ineffective and does not alter neurodevelopmental outcome. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding investigation, treatment and prognosis of neonatal seizures. Received: 19 July 1996 / Accepted: 15 August 1996     

转基因瘤苗的研究

随着分子生物学和基因工程技术的发展,转基因瘤苗取得了重大进展。已获得的转基因瘤苗主要有细胞因子类、肿瘤抗原类、趋化因子类、共刺激分子类、黏附分子类和多个基因共转染瘤苗。转基因瘤苗通过以下三种机制来发挥作用1)增强肿瘤细胞的免疫原性;2)增强机体抗肿瘤免疫反应;3)增强肿瘤细胞免疫原性并降低其致瘤性。经初步评价,转基因瘤苗是安全可靠的,其应用前景广大。     

胸腺素β4与恶性肿瘤转移相关性研究进展

胸腺素β4(Tβ4)是一种具有多重生物学功能的小分子多肽,它是G-actin隐蔽蛋白。Tβ4同G-actin按1∶1比例结合成G-肌动蛋白-Tβ4复合体,维持细胞骨架的动态平衡。它在许多生理和病理活动中起重要作用:促进T细胞分化和成熟的作用;参与炎症过程,Tβ4对内皮细胞具有潜在趋化作用,通过刺激内皮细胞迁移促进血管生成、创伤愈合;在神经发育、细胞凋亡中发挥一定的作用。此外,Tβ4的异常表达与肿瘤转移关系密切,Tβ4可能通过诱导肿瘤血管生成、增强肿瘤细胞的运动和调节细胞的增殖等方面影响肿瘤的转移。对Tβ4进一步深入研究有助于肿瘤学者在治疗高转移肿瘤找到有效疗法,就Tβ4与肿瘤转移的相关性进行综述。     

Survivin基因与肿瘤治疗策略

Survivin基因是近年来发现的重要的凋亡抑制基因,具有抑制凋亡和参与细胞周期调控的双重功能。大量的研究报道了在基础和临床实验中survivin基因与放、化疗的敏感性的密切关系。由于survivin基因的重要功能,加之其具有基因治疗最理想的条件,即它在肿瘤组织中表达率高,与正常组织中的表达相比,它同时具有高特异性的特点,因而目前研究关注于以survivin基因为靶点的基因治疗,抑制survivin基因的表达,增加肿瘤的自发性凋亡和放、化疗诱导的凋亡,抑制肿瘤生长,提高肿瘤对放、化疗的敏感性。基因治疗途径包括:1)改变survivin基因功能区的关键位点,使其不能生成正常功能的蛋白。2)通过黄素蛋白(flavopividol)抑制周期素依赖蛋白激酶(Cdc2)活性,使其不能对survivin Thr(34)位点磷酸化,从而抑制了survivin蛋白的正常功能。3)从RNA水平抑制survivin表达的基因沉默技术。上述研究已得到了可喜的结果,过渡到临床实验是进一步努力的目标。肿瘤防治杂志,2005,12(19):1513-1516     

从抗击非典斗争反思卫生与经济的关系

本文从经济角度对非典的爆发流行和我国抗击非典的斗争进行反思，依次论述了四个方面的问题：非典爆发流行的经济原因，非典爆发流行的经济影响，抗击非典斗争胜利的经济意义，以及抗击非典斗争的经验教训。人们从中不难看出，在新的形势下卫生与经济的关系的新变化。     

刺五加注射液致药物不良反应99例文献分析

目的：了解刺五加注射液不良反应发生的情况并分析相关因素。方法：对国内近10年使用刺五加注射液出现的99例不良反应报道进行分类统计与分析。结果：刺五加注射液所致不良反应与给药剂量、给药途经、给药速度无显著关联，主要集中发生在用药过程中30min以内，且多发生于41～60岁年龄组，女性多于男性。不良反应可累及机体多个器官系统(呼吸系统、心血管系统、消化系统、皮肤、眼结膜等)，临床表现复杂多样，主要表现为变态反应，严重者可出现过敏性休克。结论：刺五加注射液所致变态反应确切机理有待进一步研究，临床医师、药师与护士应重视刺五加注射液的不良反应。     

Cognitive disorders in patients with occlusive disease of the carotid artery: a systematic review of the literature

We present a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence, nature, severity, course, and causes of cognitive deficits in patients with occlusive disease of the carotid artery prior to surgery (if surgery was under discussion). Searches were carried out on Medline and Psychlit from 1980 to 1999 using neurovascular and psychological index terms, and papers and books were checked for further references. Studies describing neuropsychological assessment of groups of patients with carotid obstruction were included. Eighteen studies were found. We extracted from the papers data on study design, demographic characteristics of patients, clinical diagnosis, carotid obstruction, cerebral imaging, time interval between ischemic episode and neuropsychological assessment, neuropsychological asessment procedures, integration and interpretation of test performances, and conclusions of authors. Fourteen studies concluded that there are cognitive deficits both in patients with symptomatic and in those with asymptomatic carotid obstruction; four studies denied cognitive impairment. There were no differences in patient characteristics, study design, or neuropsychological assessment procedures between the 14 studies that found deficits and the 4 that did not. There are indications for a mild, diffuse, detrimental effect of carotid occlusive disease on cognitive functioning. However, methodological problems prevent a definitive conclusion. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to ascertain the neurovascular risk factors for and the natural course of cognitive impairment in patients with carotid occlusive disease. Received: 12 July 1999/Received in revised form: 10 November 1999/Accepted: 26 January 2000     

降钙素原的临床诊断价值

降钙素原是有激素活性降钙素的前体物质。在正常人体中降钙素原的血清浓度极低未能检测出，而在严重全身细菌性感染其血清浓度可见明显增高，并且已证实降钙素原是脓毒血症时最早出现的炎症标记物之一。本文就降钙素原的结构，来源，生物学功能及临床应用作一综述。