直肠癌同时性肝转移同期切除与分期切除比较*

目的：比较直肠癌同时性肝转移患者同期切除与分期切除安全性及远期疗效。方法：收集从2000年1 月至2015年4月北京大学肿瘤医院行手术切除的54例直肠癌同时性肝转移患者的临床病理及围手术期资料,并随访其复发及生存状况,比较同期切除组（19例）及分期切除组（35例）的安全性及远期疗效。结果：两组患者临床病理资料基本一致。同期切除组及分期切除组术后Clavien-Dindo 1 级、2 级、3 级及4 级并发症的发生率分别为10.5%（2/ 19）、31.6%（6/ 19）、5.3%（1/ 19）及10.5%（2/ 19）和8.6%（3/ 35）、17.1%（6/ 35）、25.7%（9/ 35）及0（0/ 35）;差异无统计学意义（P = 0.093）。 但术后中位住院时间同期组明显低于分期组（同期组14d,分期组25d,P < 0.001）。 同期组与分期组术后中位生存期差异无统计学意义（同期组未达到,分期组39个月,P = 0.649）,两组术后无病生存期差异无统计学意义（同期组10个月,分期组10个月,P = 0.827）。 结论：直肠癌同时性肝转移患者同期切除与分期切除比较未明显增加患者围手术期并发症,而且远期疗效相似。     

Impact of MAFLD on the complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a term that was proposed in 2020 by a group of international experts. However, the impact of MAFLD on complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is not clear. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of MAFLD on the complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC). Patients with HBV-HCC who underwent hepatectomy between January 2019 and December 2021 were consecutively enrolled. The predictors of complications after hepatectomy in HBV-HCC patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 514 eligible HBV-HCC patients, 117 (22.8%) were diagnosed with concurrent MAFLD. Post hepatectomy complications occurred in 101 patients (19.6%), including 75 patients (14.6%) with infectious complications and 40 patients (7.8%) with major complications. Univariate analysis showed that MAFLD was not the risk factor for complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-HCC (P > .05). However, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that lean-MAFLD was an independent risk factor for post hepatectomy complications in patients with HBV-HCC (odds ratio 2.245; 95% confidence interval 1.243–5.362, P = .028). Similar results were found in the analysis of predictors for infectious and major complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-HCC. MAFLD commonly coexists with HBV-HCC and is not directly associated with complications after hepatectomy, but lean-MAFLD is an independent risk factor for post hepatectomy complications in patients with HBV-HCC.     

腹腔镜肝切除术治疗原发性肝癌患者应用氢吗啡酮联合纳布啡静脉自控镇痛控制疼痛作用研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术(LH)治疗原发性肝癌(PLC)患者应用氢吗啡酮联合纳布啡静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)控制疼痛的效果。方法 2018年1月～2021年1月我院收治的PLC患者104例,随机分为对照组52例和观察组52例,两组患者均接受LH手术,在对照组,给予舒芬太尼联合纳布啡用于术后PCIA,而在观察组给予氢吗啡酮联合纳布啡用于术后PICA。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价术后疼痛程度,使用流式细胞仪检测外周血T细胞亚群CD3⁺细胞、CD4⁺细胞、CD8⁺细胞和NK细胞百分比。结果 在术后24 h,观察组静态VAS和动态VAS分别为(2.5±0.8)分和(3.7±1.2)分,显著低于对照组【分别为(4.3±1.2)分和(5.8±1.7),P<0.05】,在术后72 h,静态VAS和动态VAS分别为(1.1±0.4)分和(3.2±0.9)分,显著低于对照组【分别为(2.6±0.7)分和(5.1±1.3),P<0.05】;术后,两组肝功能指标变化无显著性差异(P>0.05);在术后7 d,观察组外周血...     

腹腔镜肝切除联合脾动脉结扎术治疗肝癌合并门脉高压症的疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除联合脾动脉结扎术治疗肝癌合并门脉高压症患者的安全性及有效性.方法 2018年2月至2020年2月我院共手术治疗的28例原发性肝细胞肝癌合并肝炎后肝硬化、门脉高压症及脾功能亢进患者,在腹腔镜下先行脾动脉主干结扎、然后再行肝癌的切除,其中局部不规则切除19例、左肝外叶切除9例.回顾性分析患者的一般资料...     

肝内胆管细胞癌肝切除治疗术中经大网膜静脉注射丝裂霉素预防复发疗效分析

目的:探讨肝内胆管细胞癌(intrahepatic eholangiocarcinoma,IHCC)肝切除治疗术中经大网膜静脉注射丝裂霉素(mitomycin-C,MMC)对预防术后肿瘤复发的价值.方法:回顾分析2000年1月至2004年6月我院收治的73例IHCC行肝切除术患者的临床资料.术中经大网膜静脉注射10 mg MMC的用药组共计38例,未行任何化疗药物注射的对照组共计35例,随访术后复发情况,并作统计学分析.结果:两组患者在年龄、性别、是否合并病毒行肝炎、肝硬化、术前是否接受肝细胞癌动脉导管化疗栓塞(TACE)等治疗、肿瘤大小、肿瘤数量、肿瘤是否合并门静脉或胆管癌栓、术后是否接受TACE等临床资料上无统计学差异.多因素分析提示术后复发与肿瘤数量及大小有关,危险系数分别为1.877(P=0.001)及1.391(P=0.0294),MMC用药与否对术后复发无明显影响.用药组与对照组术后复发时间,印无瘤生存时间无统计学差异,中位无瘤生存时间分别为术后5个月及3个月(P=0.1253).术后6个月、1年、2年、3年复发率分别为:65.79%,68.57%(P=0.8004);81.58%,94.29%(P=0.0990);89.47%,97.14%(P=1.67955);92.11%,97.14%(P=0.344 7).结论:肝切除术中经大网膜静脉注射MMC(10 mg)对预防IHCC术后肿瘤复发可能没有确切价值,但仍有待进一步的前瞻性研究证实.     

门静脉灌注化疗对于延缓Ⅱ期肝癌患者术后肝内复发的意义

背景与目的:肝切除术目前被认为是治疗肝癌最有效的方法.影响肝癌切除术后疗效的主要因素是术后复发.目前国内外学者对于预防肝癌术后复发的治疗措施的选择存在许多争议.本研究目的在于了解术后门静脉灌注化疗在延缓临床Ⅱ期肝癌患者手术后复发方面的作用以及影响术后复发的危险因素.方法:选择2003年2月至2007年2月在新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院行手术治疗的51例经病理检查证实为肝细胞性肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma)的患者,随机分为试验组(手术切除+术后门静脉化疗)和对照组(单纯手术),两组均行根治性手术.比较两组患者的临床资料及术后无瘤生存状况,Kaplan-Meier法比较两组累积无瘤生存率及中位无瘤生存时间:Cox模型分析肿瘤数目、门静脉瘤栓、肝硬化、病理分级以及术后行预防性门静脉化疗等可能影响术后复发的因素,并分析各因素与复发时间之间的关系.结果:对照组患者术后0.5年、1年、2年及3年无瘤生存率分别为44.4%、38.9%、19.4%、14.3%;试验组患者分别为75.4%、61.3%、49.0%、31.5%,两组术后中位无瘤生存时间分别为5.6、15.5个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Cox多因素分析结果表明:肿瘤数目、门静脉瘤栓以及预防性门静脉化疗是术后复发的影响因素,其中门静脉化疗可以提高肝癌患者术后1年内的无瘤生存率(P<0.05).结论:对于伴门脉瘤栓或多发肿瘤的Ⅱ期肝癌患者行预防性门静脉化疗可以延缓术后肿瘤复发.     

Successful management and technical aspects of major liver resection in children: A retrospective cohort study

Optimal treatment of patients with various types of liver tumors or certain liver diseases frequently demands major liver resection, which remains a clinical challenge especially in children.Eighty seven consecutive pediatric liver resections including 51 (59%) major resections (resection of 3 or more hepatic segments) and 36 (41%) minor resections (resection of 1 or 2 segments) were analyzed. All patients were treated between January 2010 and March 2018. Perioperative outcomes were compared between major and minor hepatic resections.The male to female ratio was 1.72:1. The median age at operation was 20 months (range, 0.33–150 months). There was no significant difference in demographics including age, weight, ASA class, and underlying pathology. The surgical management included functional assessment of the future liver remnant, critical perioperative management, enhanced understanding of hepatic segmental anatomy, and bleeding control, as well as refined surgical techniques. The median estimated blood loss was 40 ml in the minor liver resection group, and 90 ml in major liver resection group (P < .001). Children undergoing major liver resection had a significantly longer median operative time (80 vs 140 minutes), anesthesia time (140 vs 205 minutes), as well as higher median intraoperative total fluid input (255 vs 450 ml) (P < .001 for all). Fourteen (16.1%) patients had postoperative complications. By Clavien-Dindo classification, there were 8 grade I, 4 grade II, and 2 grade III-a complications. There were no significant differences in complication rates between groups (P = .902). Time to clear liquid diet (P = .381) and general diet (P = .473) was not significantly different. There was no difference in hospital length of stay (7 vs 7 days, P = .450). There were no 90-day readmissions or mortalities.Major liver resection in children is not associated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications or prolonged postoperative hospital stay compared to minor liver resection. Techniques employed in this study offered good perioperative outcomes for children undergoing major liver resections.     

Postoperative day one serum alanine amino-transferase does not predict patient morbidity and mortality after elective liver resection in non-cirrhotic patients

Serum aminotransferases have been used as sur-rogate markers for liver ischemia-reperfusion injury that fol-lows liver surgery. Some studies have suggested that rises in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) correlate with patient outcome after liver resection. We assessed whether postopera-tive day 1 (POD 1) ALT could be used to predict patient mor-bidity and mortality following liver resection. We reviewed our prospectively held database and included consecutive adult patients undergoing elective liver resection in our in-stitution between January 2013 and December 2014. Primary outcome assessed was correlation of POD 1 ALT with patient’s morbidity and mortality. We also assessed whether concurrent radiofrequency ablation, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and use of the Pringle maneuver signiifcantly affected the level of POD 1 ALT. A total of 110 liver resections were included in the study. The overall in-hospital patient morbidity and mortality were 31.8% and 0.9%, respectively. The median level of POD 1 ALT was 275 IU/L. No correlation was found between POD 1 serum ALT levels and patient morbidity after elective liver resection, whilst correlation with mortality was not possible because of the low number of mortalities. Patients undergoing concur-rent radiofrequency ablation were noted to have an increased level of POD 1 serum ALT but not those given neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those in whom the Pringle maneuver was used. Our study demonstrates POD 1 serum ALT does not cor-relate with patient morbidity after elective liver resection.