股骨转子间骨折GAMMA钉治疗临床分析

目的：评价GAMMA钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的效果。方法：对32例股骨转子间骨折采用GAMMA钉治疗。结果：经6～18月随访，所有病例均获骨性愈合，下肢功能及关节活动良好。其中1例为粉碎性骨折内固定后出现髋内翻，按X线评分标准90％病人满意。结论：GAMMA钉治疗股骨转子间骨折效果满意。     

Medpor填充治疗早期爆裂性眼眶壁骨折疗效观察

目的探讨早期眼眶壁爆裂性骨折Medpor填充治疗效果。方法做经典的睫毛下切口或者眉内侧切口,充分暴露眼眶骨折部位、松解嵌顿的眶内容物,骨膜下填充Medpor修复治疗早期眼眶壁爆裂性骨折。结果随访期内没有出现Medpor脱出及排斥现象。20例(20只眼)患者术后均无明显的眼球内陷,1例仍有轻度复视。结论眼眶壁爆裂性骨折应早期治疗,Medpor填充是有效治疗方法。     

股骨干骨折扩髓腔髓内钉固定对凝血机能和肺换气功能的影响

【目的】探讨股骨干骨折扩髓与不扩髓髓内钉固定对凝血机能和肺换气功能的影响。【方法】 38例股骨干骨折分别采用扩髓 (RFN)和不扩髓 (UFN)髓内钉固定 ,在手术开始前至术后 4 8h内 7个不同时间段监测血小板、纤维蛋白原、凝血酶原时间 (PT)和部分凝血活酶激活时间 (APTT)的变化 ,并动脉血气分析 ,计算肺泡 动脉血氧分压递差 [P(A aDO2 ) ]。【结果】RFN组 ,扩髓后血小板开始减少 ,P(A aDO2 )升高 (P<0 0 5 ) ;髓钉插入后 30min纤维蛋白原减少 ,PT、APTT延长 (P <0 0 5 ) ;UFN组表现出同样的趋势 ;两组中各项指标均在 2 4～ 4 8h内恢复正常 ;动脉血气分析各时间段和组间差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。【结论】扩大髓腔的髓内钉固定 ,和不扩髓相比 ,并不影响肺换气功能 ,对凝血机能的影响是一个自限过程 ,单纯股骨干骨折 ,可耐受扩髓固定手术。     

髋臼双柱骨折合并后壁骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨髋臼双柱合并后壁骨折的临床特点和手术疗效.方法 对29例髋臼双柱合并后壁骨折采用双切口分步入路切开复位,重建钢板内固定.结果 按Matta标准,解剖复位21例,满意复位5例,不满意复位3例.随访13～38个月,平均19个月,关节功能按d'Aubinge-Possel评分系统评定,优17例,良6例,可3例,差3例.结论 双切口分步入路,重建钢板固定是治疗髋臼双柱合并后壁骨折的有效方法.     

凹槽交锁髓内钉治疗股骨多段骨折(附18例报告)

目的探讨一种新型交锁髓内钉-凹槽交锁股骨髓内钉(Biorigid nail femur，简称BNF)治疗股骨多段骨折的方法。方法自2002年3月～2003年10月应用德国aap公司生产的BNF治疗骨折多段骨折18例。结果本组经过3～18个月、平均9个月的随访。骨折均愈合，膝、髋关节恢复良好。结论BNF具有设计独特、内固定可靠、主钉全程均可交锁的特点，能满足自股骨转子下到股骨髁之间一处或多处骨折内固定需要。     

螺旋CT三维重建影像在胫骨平台骨折诊疗中的价值

目的探讨螺旋CT三维重建影像在胫骨平台骨折诊断和治疗中的临床使用价值。方法2001年8月～2005年4月收集38例胫骨平台骨折分别行X线片和螺旋CT三维重建影像检查,对照术中所见,分析比较螺旋CT三维重建影像在临床诊断和治疗中的作用。结果X线片检查2例无法明确诊断,骨折分型错误6例;螺旋CT三维重建诊断、分型均正确。X线片与螺旋CT三维重建影像在确立诊断方面未见明显差异,但在分型和指导治疗方面,螺旋CT三维重建影像明显优于前者。结论螺旋CT三维重建影像能直观、立体地显示胫骨平台骨折的形态,有助于骨折的分型及治疗。     

骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血的误诊及急救处理教训

目的总结骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血误诊经验教训及急救处理。方法对8例骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血的伤因、诊断、急救方法选择进行回顾性分析。结果骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血与伤因及搬运不当致骨折移位、再移位密切相关；与骨折部位也关系密切；骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血常易误诊为腹腔内脏合并伤而行剖腹探查术时确诊，腹膜后血肿探查止血，术中、术后死亡率高。结论骨箍骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血易误诊为腹内脏器伤，救治困难，死亡率高。     

Cellular and Molecular Foundation for Fracture Healing in Children

Abstract Dealing with pediatric fracture patients requires a funded knowledge of complications and remodeling capability of the youth skeleton to find the accurate therapy decision and to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures. Due to the different mechanical environment, fractures in children occur at specific fracture-vulnerable areas. One of those is the growth plate, which on one hand gives rise to the unique ability of correcting angular deformities by specifically increasing the growth rate in definite regions, and on the other hand leads to complications like growth arrest or angular deformity. The pediatric diaphysis presents the exclusive greenstick fracture, only seen in the growing skeleton, which occurs because of the different composition of the pediatric bone. To understand these very specific features of the youth skeleton, the molecular and cellular basis should be taken into consideration. Therefore, this review will present the common characteristics of skeletal development and fracture healing. An insight into the mechanotransduction as part of the remodeling and self-correcting ability of pediatric bone is given to span the bridge between clinical treatment options and scientific background.     

后路小切口人工全髋关节置换治疗老年人股骨颈骨折

目的:观察后路小切口人工全髋关节置换术(小切口-THA)治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床效果。方法:本组24例65岁以上股骨颈骨折患者,女13例,男11例;年龄65～78岁,平均73.4岁。均为外伤后股骨颈头下型骨折,位线差,其中Garden分型为Ⅲ型10例,Ⅳ型14例,全部应用后路小切口技术行全髋关节置换术。结果:术后所有病例随访10～24个月,平均13个月。平均手术时间80min,手术切口平均长8.0cm,平均输血300ml,无局部及全身并发症出现。按UCLA(UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles)髋关节功能评分标准,本组UCLA评分由术前平均(11.0±3.8)分升至术后平均(24.3±4.5)分(P<0.01)。本组优17例,良4例,一般3例,优良率为87.5%。结论:后路小切口技术具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快的特点,可获得与常规后路相同的治疗效果,尤其适合老年股骨颈骨折患者。     

Arthroscopic Double-Row Suture Anchor Fixation of Minimally Displaced Greater Tuberosity Fractures

In cases of displaced greater tuberosity fractures, treatments by arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation have been reported. However, in cases in which there is a comminuted fracture or a minimally displaced fracture combined with concomitant lesions such as rotator cuff tear or labral pathology, it is difficult to reduce the fracture and to treat other pathologies by use of a percutaneous screw. Recently, many surgeons have used the double-row repair method in rotator cuff repair, which provides a tendon-bone interface better suited for biologic healing and restoring normal anatomy. In accordance with this method, we used the arthroscopic technique of double-row suture anchor fixation for a minimally displaced greater tuberosity fracture without additional incision. Initially, debridement was performed on the fracture surface by use of a shaver, and the medial-row anchor was inserted through the anterior portal or the intact cuff. Two lateral-row anchors were inserted just anterior and posterior to the lower margin of the fractured fragment under C-arm guidance. The medial-row sutures and lateral-row sutures were then placed. Arthroscopic double-row suture anchor fixation of a displaced greater tuberosity fracture restores the original footprint of the rotator cuff and normal tendon-bone interface of the displaced greater tuberosity fracture.