Effects of super-extended paraaortic lymphadenectomy (PAL) on biological responses in totally gastrectomized patients with T3 or T4 gastric cancer

Background. In Japan, much attention has recently been paid to super-extended paraaortic lymphadenectomy (PAL) for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. However, it has been reported that PAL is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as compared to conventional extended lymphadenectomy (D2 or D3). Therefore, an analysis of the effects of PAL on perioperative changes in the biological responses of patients essential for determining the potential utility of this procedure. Methods. The current non-randomized prospective study included evaluations of perioperative changes in parameters of surgical stress (series I; serum levels of antidiuretic hormone, interleukin-6, trypsin, and phospholipase A ₂ ) and immunocompetence (series II; phytohemagglutinin- and concanavalin A-induced blastogenesis, activity of natural killer cells and the ratio of CD4 cells to CD8 cells) in patients with advanced gastric cancer (T3 or T4), comparing groups treated with D3 plus PAL ( n = 12) and D3 ( n = 13), and a control group with early gastric cancer ( n = 16) treated with D1 lymphadenectomy (perigastric N1 nodes) between April 1995 and April 1997. Results. The duration of surgery and the amount of blood lost were longer and greater in the D3 plus PAL group than in the D3 and D1 groups. D3 plus PAL and D3 were associated with significant postoperative increases in parameters of surgical stress, as well as with significant postoperative immunosuppression, compared to results with D1. However, there were no significant differences in the respective parameters between the D3 plus PAL and D3 groups. Conclusions. Our results indicate that there are no essential differences in patients' biological responses between D3 plus PAL and D3 lymphadenectomy. It appears that PAL-associated morbidity can be minimized by very careful manipulation during the dissection of paraaortic lymph nodes. Received for publication on Feb. 10, 1998; accepted on Jun. 3, 1998     

无瘤接触及杀瘤技术在胃癌根治术中的应用

目的　探讨无瘤接触及杀瘤技术在胃癌根治术中的应用。方法　我院从 1997-10～ 2 0 0 3 -0 8共施行了胃癌D4根治术 5 2例 ,术中全部严格进行无瘤接触及杀瘤技术的应用。并与同期 44例行D1术式但无严格行无瘤接触及杀瘤技术的胃癌患者作一比较 ,从而了解两者 5年生存率的情况。结果　术后均无明显的并发症 ,全部患者治愈出院 ,D4及D1组两者 5年生存率分别为42 3 %及 18 2 % (P <0 0 5 )。结论　在胃癌D4根治术的基础上进行严格的无瘤接触及杀瘤技术 ,是一种安全、合理有效的治疗方法。     

Favorable outcome after radical excision of a 'Holocord' astrocytoma

We report a favorable outcome following a staged radical excision of an intramedullary low-grade astrocytoma involving the entire spinal cord in a pediatric patient. Although the preoperative neurological status was poor, the eventual outcome was good. This highlights the importance of a good tumor-cord interface that permitted a radical excision of an extensive tumor. Since partial excision followed by radiotherapy usually results in disease progression in patients with low-grade astrocytomas, radical excision and follow-up is probably the treatment of choice.     

Surgical and Oncologic Outcomes of Radical Abdominal Trachelectomy Versus Hysterectomy for Stage IA2-IB1 Cervical Cancer

Study Objective: To compare the surgical and oncologic outcomes between abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) and radical hysterectomy (RH) for stage IA2-IB1 cervical cancer.Design: A retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).Setting: Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong, China.Patients: Three hundred twenty-nine patients with IA2-IB1 cervical cancer.Interventions: All patients underwent ART or RH.Measurements and Main Results: All patients were divided into ART (n?=?143) and RH (n?=?186) groups according to the surgical approach. Additionally, oncologic and fertility outcomes were compared for different tumor pathologies and sizes in ART patients. The ART group had similar case characteristics as the RH group, except that the ART group had a longer surgical time. During a similar follow-up period, there were 4 (2.9%) recurrences and 3 (2.2%) patients who died from recurrence in the ART group compared with 8 (4.6%) recurrences and 4 (2.3%) patients who died from recurrence in the RH group (p?=?.444 and p?=?.999, respectively). In the ART group, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients had a 5-year overall survival and pregnancy rate similar to those of non-SCC patients (98.1% vs 96.8%, p?=?.999; 33.3% vs 26.7%, p?=?.873), and patients with tumors ≤2 cm and 2 to 4 cm experienced a similar 5-year overall survival rate (97.0% vs 98.6%, p?=?.999), except patients with tumors ≤2 cm had a higher pregnancy rate (45.2% vs 17.2%, p?=?.020).Conclusion: ART seems to have similar surgical and oncologic outcomes to RH, except ART has a longer surgical time. Both non-SCC patients and stage IA2-IB1 patients with 2- to 4-cm tumors can undergo ART safely. Patients with tumors ≤2 cm have a higher pregnancy rate than patients with 2- to 4-cm tumors.     

Nutritional Status and Related Factors in Patients with Gastric Cancer after Gastrectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Patients after gastrectomy for gastric cancer are at risk of malnutrition, and poor nutritional status negatively affects patients’ clinical outcomes. Knowledge of the factors influencing patients’ nutritional status can inform interventions for improving patients’ nutrition. A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe nutritional status and related factors in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy. A convenience sample of gastric cancer patients with gastrectomy was recruited from general surgery or oncology clinics of a medical center in northern Taiwan. Data were collected with self-reported questionnaires, including the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy—Gastric Module version 4, the Concerns in Meal Preparation scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini Nutrition Assessment. One hundred and one gastric cancer patients participated in the study. There were 81 cases of subtotal gastrectomy and 20 cases of total gastrectomy. Most patients (52.5%) were malnourished or at risk. Linear regression showed that symptom severity (β = −0.43), employment status (β = 0.19), and difficulty in diet preparation (β = −0.21) were significant predictors of nutritional status. Together, these three variables explained 35.8% of the variance in patient nutritional status (F = 20.3, p < 0.001). More than 50% of our participants were malnourished or at risk for malnutrition, indicating a need for continued monitoring and support after discharge from hospitals. Special attention should be given to patients with severe symptoms, unemployment, and difficulties in diet preparation.     

Efficacy analysis of Cheng’s GIRAFFE reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction

ObjectiveReconstruction of the digestive tract for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) is in dispute. This study evaluated Cheng’s gastric tube interposition esophagogastrostomy with reconstruction of His angle and fundus (Cheng’s GIRAFFE anastomosis) in laparoscopic/open proximal gastrectomy for Siewert type II AEG, which was performed at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Here, we discuss the preliminary results of gastric emptying and anti-reflux.MethodsFrom a retrospective database, 74 patients with advanced Siewert type II AEG underwent curative proximal gastrectomy with GIRAFFE anastomosis, and their gastric emptying and anti-reflux outcomes were evaluated by the Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ) score, nuclide gastric emptying, 24-h impedance-pH monitoring and gastroscopy.ResultsSeventy-four patients successfully completed proximal partial gastrectomy with Cheng’s GIRAFFE esophagogastric anastomosis. RDQ score six months after the operation was 2.2±2.5. Results of nuclide gastric emptying examinations showed that the gastric half-emptying time was 67.0±21.5 min, the 1-h residual rate was (52.2±7.7)%, the 2-h residual rate was (36.4±5.1)%, and the 3-h residual rate was (28.8±3.6)%; 24-h impedance-pH monitoring revealed that the mean DeMeester score was 5.8±2.9. Reflux esophagitis was observed by gastroscopy in 7 patients six months after surgery.ConclusionsCheng’s GIRAFFE anastomosis is safe and feasible for Siewert type II AEG.     

腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术中非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合的效果观察

目的:探讨非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合在腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术中应用的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016年5月至2019年10月唐山市协和医院53例经手术治疗的远端胃癌患者的临床资料,手术方式为腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术,吻合方式为非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合29例(非离断组)和Roux-en-Y吻合24例(传统组),...     

腹腔镜对比传统开腹手术对于早期远端胃癌的手术疗效的Meta分析

目的本研究对比分析和评价早期远端胃癌患者行腹腔镜大部切除与传统开腹手术治疗的临床疗效与安全性。方法从Pub-med、EMBASE、中国生物医学数据库(CBM)、以及Cochrane实验注册中心检索2002年7月—2012年7月发表的有关对比腹腔镜手术和开腹手术治疗早期远端胃癌患者的关于近期疗效的文献,由2位胃肠外科医生独立地对入选研究的实验对象特征及实验设计和研究结果等内容进行摘录,并用RevMan 5.0软件进行系统分析。结果经过筛选有7个随机对照试验(ran-domized controlled trials,RCT)共计382例早期胃癌患者纳入系统评价。Meta分析结果指出:与传统开腹手术相比,腹腔镜组术后肠道恢复排气时间短[WMD:-0.70,95%CI:(-81.00,-58.00),P0.001],术后使用镇痛药物次数较少[WMD:-4.77,95%CI:(-6.77,-2.77),P0.000 1],住院时间短[WMD:-1.54,95%CI:(-2.02,-1.06),P0.001],术中清扫淋巴结数目比较开腹手术略少[WMD:-4.19,95%CI:(-6.08,2.29),P0.001],术后并发症腹腔镜组与开腹组之间较低[OR:0.57,95%CI:(0.31,1.03)]。结论腹腔镜早期远端胃手术比较传统开腹手术,在术后有效性及安全性上具有明显优势。     

损伤控制外科及加速康复外科理念在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨损伤控制外科及加速康复外科理念在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2013年2月-2014年2月实施腹腔镜胃癌根治术280例的临床资料,140例采用损伤控制外科及加速康复外科治疗方法作为观察组,140例采用传统治疗方法作为对照组,比较两组患者术后肛门通气时间、术后住院时间、住院费用和术后并发症发生情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组术后肛门通气早、术后住院时间短、住院费用降低（P〈0.05）,并不增加手术相关并发症的发生率（P〉0.05）。结论损伤控制外科及加速康复外科理念用于腹腔镜胃癌患者安全可行、有效,可加速患者的术后康复过程,与传统方法比较具有一定的优势,值得临床推广应用。     

Control of presacral venous bleeding, using thumbtacks

Background Massive life threatening bleeding from presacral venous plexus in gynecological surgery, though uncommon can be fatal when conventional methods fail. Case In the present case, a 55-year-old woman undergoing radical hysterectomy for cancer cervix was saved using thumbtacks to control bleeding from presacral vessels when conventional methods were ineffective. Conclusion Use of thumbtacks in such patients is simple, cost effective and life saving.