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101.
Aloe vera affects changes induced in pulmonary tissue of mice caused by cigarette smoke inhalation
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This study was undertaken to determine the influence of Aloe vera (AV) on changes induced in pulmonary tissue of cigarette smoke (CS) inhaling mice. CS inhalation for 4 weeks caused pulmonary damage as evident by histoarchitectural alterations and enhanced serum and tissue lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. CS inhalation also led to increased mucin production as revealed by mucicarmine and Alcian Blue‐Periodic Acid Schiff (AB‐PAS) staining. Studies on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) of CS exposed animals revealed structural changes in phospholipids and increase in surface tension when compared with control counterparts. These changes were accompanied by enhanced nitric oxide (NO) levels, citrulline levels, peroxidative damage, and differential modulation of antioxidant defense system. AV administration (seven weeks, 500 mg/kg b.w. daily) to CS inhaling mice led to modulation of CS induced pulmonary changes as revealed by lesser degree of histoarchitectural alterations, lesser mucin production, decreased NO levels, citrulline levels, peroxidative damage, and serum LDH activity. AV treatment to CS inhaling mice was associated with varying response to antioxidant defense system, however balf of CS + AV treated animals did not exhibit appreciable changes when compared with that of CS exposed animals. These observations suggest that AV has the potential to modulate CS induced changes in the pulmonary tissue which could have implications in management of CS associated pulmonary diseases, however, further investigations are required to explore its complete mechanism of action. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 999–1013, 2015. 相似文献
102.
Background:To evaluate the value of interleukin (IL)-27 measured in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for the diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).Methods:This was a prospective study of patients planned to undergo bronchoscopy at Wuxi No.5 People''s Hospital between January 2017 and September 2018. The patients were grouped as the TB and control groups. BALF and serum IL-27 were measured by ELISA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic value and calculate the optimal cutoff values.Results:There were 40 patients in the control group and 87 in the TB group. In the TB group, 20 had positive sputum smear results and 67 were negative. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of BALF IL-27 for pulmonary TB was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.830–0.944) (P < .001). The AUC of serum IL-27 for pulmonary TB was 0.703 (95% CI: 0.616–0.781) (P < .001). In patients with negative sputum smear results, the AUCs of BALF IL-27 and serum IL-27 for pulmonary TB was 0.882 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.805–0.936) (P < .001) and 0.679 (95% CI: 0.601–0.782) (P < .001), respectively.Conclusions:BALF IL-27 can be used for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB, particularly in those with a negative sputum smear result. Serum IL-27 could be an auxiliary method for TB screening. 相似文献
103.
《Respiratory investigation》2020,58(5):336-343
BackgroundMolecular diagnostic methods have recently gained widespread use, and consequently, the importance of viral pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has undergone re-evaluation. Under these circumstances, the role of Chlamydophila pneumoniae as a pathogen that causes CAP also needs to be reviewed.MethodsWe reviewed articles that contained data on the frequency of identification of C. pneumoniae pneumonia as a causative pathogen for CAP. The articles were identified by performing a search in PubMed with the keywords “community-acquired pneumonia” and “pathogen”.ResultsSixty-three articles were identified. The reviewed articles demonstrated that the rates of identification of C. pneumoniae as the causative pathogen for CAP were significantly lower in assessments based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods than in those based on serological methods. In some studies, it was possible to compare both serological and PCR methods directly using the same set of samples.ConclusionsThe use of PCR methods, including multiplex PCR assays, has revealed that C. pneumoniae may play a limited role as a pathogen for CAP. 相似文献
104.
目的探讨经纤维支气管镜(以下简称纤支镜)局部灌洗注药治疗支气管扩张症的疗效。方法53例支气管扩张病人除常规治疗外,还采用纤维支气管镜反复气道灌洗和注药,在纤维支气管镜治疗前后常规监测患者临床情况、通气换气功能及血气指标。结果灌洗注药后患者体温迅速下降,外周血白细胞、痰液量明显减少,X线胸片明显改善。灌洗后血气指标(PaO2,SaO2及PaO2/FiO2)改善;肺通气功能检测(VC、FEVI、FEVI%、VS0、V25及MVV)明显改善(P〈0.05)。结论经纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗和注药能有效清除痰痂和气道分泌物,解除支气管的阻塞,改善患者通气换气功能,是一种安全、简便实用的治疗支气管扩张的有效手段。 相似文献
105.
106.
目的:研究纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗治疗对急诊重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者血清学指标的影响.方法:将2012年9月~2014年8月期间我院收治的重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者40例纳入研究,随机分为两组,观察组患者接受纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合常规治疗,对照组患者接受常规治疗,比较两组患者的呼吸功能指标、血清炎症指标以及外周血信号通路.结果:(1)呼吸功能:观察组患者的氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)、动态顺应性(Cdyn)水平高于对照组,呼吸做功(WOB)水平低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)炎症指标:观察组患者的CD11b+中性粒细胞比例、可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB 1)含量低于对照组(P<0.05);(3)信号通路:观察组患者外周血中JAK、PI3K、ERK、JNK、p38、BMK1的mRNA含量低于对照组(P<0.05).结论:纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗治疗有助于改善呼吸功能,缓解炎症反应,抑制炎症相关信号通路的激活. 相似文献
107.
Infectious complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Febrile patients with
hematologic malignancies and pulmonary infiltrates have high mortality rates, especially if mechanical ventilation is required.
The diagnostic value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in these patients is controversial.
We retrospectively analyzed the microbiological results of BAL samples obtained during 249 FOB examinations from 199 febrile
patients with hematologic malignancies and pulmonary infiltrates (underlying diseases: acute leukemia 103 patients, lymphoma
84 patients, other malignancies 12 patients). Two hundred forty-six examinations could be evaluated. Seventy-three out of
246 BAL samples were sterile; 55 samples showed microbiological findings classified as contamination or colonization. One
hundred eighteen samples showed positive microbiological results of bacteria and/or fungi classified as causative pathogens.
Thereof, in 70 samples, only bacterial pathogens were detectable (Gram-positive, 35; Gram-negative, 30; mixed Gram-positive
and Gram-negative, 5). Thirteen samples showed both fungi and bacterial pathogens. In 33 samples, only fungi were detectable,
thereof, in 15 samples Aspergillus species, in 16 samples Candida species, and in 2 both. In two samples, a viral pathogen could be detected. Three nonlethal complications (bleeding, arrhythmia)
occurred that required early termination of FOB. In 94 (38.2%) patient episodes, antibiotic treatment was modified as a result
of microbiological findings in BAL samples. Our results show that FOB with BAL is a valuable diagnostic tool with low complication
rates in high-risk febrile patients with hematologic malignancies and pulmonary infiltrates, contributing crucial results
for the individual case, and also improving epidemiologic knowledge. 相似文献
108.
《Respiratory investigation》2020,58(1):68-73
BackgroundVarious procedures for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) have been developed. BAL needs a wedge between the bronchoscope and the inner surface of the bronchus. The feasibility of performing BAL at the targeted position cannot be determined until immediately before the procedure. We examined BAL performed using a balloon catheter to evaluate the stability of the procedure itself and quality of the specimen obtained.MethodsThe main inclusion criteria were diffuse lung disease with a shadow in the B5a area. The tip of a disposable balloon catheter was passed through the orifice of the B5a bronchus, and the balloon was expanded at the B5a bronchus. A 50-mL syringe containing saline was instilled, and gentle hand suction was performed. This procedure was repeated two more times (total: 150 mL).ResultsIn all the 13 patients, the balloon of the catheter was inflated at the B5a bronchus. The median recovery rate was 34.92% ± 13.22%. These values were comparable to previously obtained BAL data (control group, N = 56) from our facility. The BAL fluid findings and final diagnosis, with the exception of one undiagnosed case, were consistent. Overall, four patients suffered an adverse event during BAL (hypoxemia). All cases were managed by increasing the oxygen flow rate, and the adverse event did not affect the subsequent examinations.ConclusionsUsing a balloon catheter enabled us to perform BAL at the intended bronchus. The quality of the obtained specimen was also acceptable. 相似文献
109.
Wardeh A, Marik P, (Department of Critical Care, St. Vincent Hospital, Massachusetts, USA and the University of Massachusetts and Medical Intensive Care Unit St. Vincent Hospital, Massachusetts, USA). Acute lung injury due to parvovirus pneumonia (Case Report). J Intern Med 1998; 244 : 257–60.
Human parvovirus B19 is responsible for the common childhood exanthematous illness, erythema infectiosum. Adults infected with B19 have been reported to develop a febrile illness associated with arthritis. Life threatening parvovirus infections in non-immunocompromised adults have not been reported to date. We report a previously healthy middle aged female who developed severe parvovirus pneumonia. The patient recovered with supportive care provided in the ICU. Parvovirus may represent an under diagnosed cause of community acquired pneumonia. 相似文献
Objective
Human parvovirus B19 is responsible for the common childhood exanthematous illness, erythema infectiosum. Adults infected with B19 have been reported to develop a febrile illness associated with arthritis. Life threatening parvovirus infections in non-immunocompromised adults have not been reported to date. We report a previously healthy middle aged female who developed severe parvovirus pneumonia. The patient recovered with supportive care provided in the ICU. Parvovirus may represent an under diagnosed cause of community acquired pneumonia. 相似文献
110.
P Y Hatron B Wallaert J L Fourrier E Fournier B Gosselin B Devulder 《La Revue de médecine interne / fondée ... par la Société nationale francaise de médecine interne》1985,6(2):97-103
3 new cases of dermatomyositis associated with diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and, more exceptionally, with Sj?gren's syndrome are reported. The pulmonary fibrosis observed in patients with dermatomyositis differs from that found in other connective tissue diseases in that it follows a more acute course and may respond to corticosteroids. Thus, in 2 of these patients treated with corticosteroids (combined in 1 case with cyclophosphamide) the high percentage of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclears in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid, which reflects alveolitis activity, was reduced and the pulmonary fibrosis was cured in one patient and stabilized in the other. 相似文献