The effect of chronic fluvoxamine on hormonal and psychological responses to buspirone in normal volunteers

We studied the effect of 3 weeks treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluvoxamine, on hormonal and psychological responses to buspirone, a 5-HT_1A receptor partial agonist which also binds to dopamine receptors, in normal male volunteers. Eleven subjects received buspirone, 30 mg, and placebo before, and in week 3 of fluvoxamine treatment (mean dose 127 mg/day). Placebo and buspirone were given in a balanced order, double-blind. Buspirone significantly elevated plasma prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) concentrations but had no significant effect on cortisol (CORT) or temperature. Significant psychological effects of lightheadedness, tiredness and difficulty thinking occurred. Fluvoxamine treatment resulted in a nearly 3-fold increase in plasma buspirone with a similar enhancement of the PRL response. In contrast the GH and psychological responses were blunted. The increased buspirone concentrations are likely to be due to inhibition of first pass liver metabolism by fluvoxamine acting on the cytochrome P-450 system. The PRL response is probably mediated by antagonism of pituitary dopamine-D₂ receptors and its enhancement by fluvoxamine treatment may be a pharmacokinetic effect. The blunting of GH and psychological responses suggest that 5-HT_1A receptor function is reduced by chronic fluvoxamine treatment. Received: 15 December 1995/Final version: 29 May 1996     

健康教育对喉癌患者心理及生存质量的影响

目的 探讨健康教育对喉癌患者心理状态及生存质量的影响.方法 将40例喉癌手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组进行常规治疗和护理,观察组在进行常规治疗和护理的同时,还进行健康教育,并分别于入院时、手术前、术后3周采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）进行测评,术后3周采用生活质量评定量表对生活质量进行评分,比较健康教育的效果.结果 观察组患者在围手术期心理状况、术后生活质量及术后辅助治疗自愿坚持率等方面均优于对照组,差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05）.结论 对喉癌手术患者开展健康教育可以改善患者心理焦虑状况,提高生存质量.     

早期心理干预对创伤骨科病人焦虑的影响

目的探讨早期心理干预对创伤骨科病人焦虑的影响。方法将100例病人随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各50例,2组病人在住院期间均接受常规护理,而实验组再加护理干预。并分别采用Zung的焦虑自评量表(SAS)测量病人焦虑程度。结果早期心理干预前实验组和对照组的中、重度焦虑程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);早期心理干预后实验组和对照组的中、重度焦虑程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论早期心理干预不但可以减轻或消除病人焦虑状态,还可以减轻或消除病人的疼痛,提高其生活质量。     

强制戒毒者自我接纳与心理健康关系初步研究

目的:探讨强制戒毒者自我接纳与心理健康的关系。方法:运用自我接纳问卷(SAQ),症状自评量表(SCL-90)对100名强制戒毒者进行测试。结果:高、低自我评价和自我接纳组的强制戒毒者SCL-90各因子上的得分有显著性差异。结论:强制戒毒者自我评价和自我接纳与其心理健康有密切关系,且自我接纳比自我评价与心理健康的关系更为密切。     

Contribution from neurophysiological and psychological methods to the study of motor imagery

This paper reviews studies on neurophysiological and behavioral methods used to evaluate motor imagery accuracy. These methods can be used when performed in the field and are based on recordings of peripheral indices such as autonomic nervous system or electromyographic activities, mental chronometry and psychological tests. Providing physiological signs that correlate to these types of mental processes may be considered an objective approach for motor imagery analysis. However, although autonomic nervous system activity recording has been shown to match motor imagery in real time, to evaluate its accuracy qualitatively and the individual ability to form mental images, the relationship between physiological responses and mental processes remains an inference. Moreover, electromyographic recordings may be associated with postural control data, but due to inconsistent results, they remain insufficient to solely evaluate motor imagery accuracy. Other techniques traditionally used in psychology and cognitive psychology are questionnaires, “debriefing” with subjects and mental chronometry. Although such methods lead to interesting results, there remains an important part of subjectivity as subjects perform an autoevaluation of motor imagery accuracy. Similarly, mental chronometry gives information on the ability to preserve temporal organization of movement but does not allow the evaluation of the vividness of mental images. Thus, several methods should be combined to analyze motor imagery accuracy in greater detail. Neurophysiological recordings cannot therefore be considered an alternative but rather a complementary technique to behavioral and psychological methods. The advantages and inconvenient of each technique and the hypotheses that could be tested are discussed.     

驻京部队六所三甲医院护士心理健康状况研究

目的:了解部队护士心理健康水平及急诊科与普通科护士心理健康的差别。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL—90)对驻京部队六所三甲医院153名护士(急诊科87名,普通科66名)进行了心理健康状况调查。结果:部队护士心理健康优于地方护士,特别是在强迫、人际关系、焦虑等因子尤为显著。部队护士在人际关系紧张度上低于常模,躯体化高于常模。中年组心理健康低于其它年龄组。急诊科与普通科护士心理健康水平无差异。结论:部队护士心理健康处于良好状态。     

手术前患儿心理状态评估方法的比较研究

目的：通过主观评定法和量表评定法对手术前患儿的心理状态进行评估，比较两种方法的差异及患儿年龄与心理状态的关系，以便临床选择一种科学可行的心理状态评估方法．并对易发生心理障碍年龄段的患儿进行早期干预：方法：对采用主观评定法评估为焦虑、抑郁、正常的120例患儿，同时采用量表评定法（SAS＋SDS）进行了心理测验。结果：主观评定法及量表评定法的阳性率比较，有显著性差异。结论：临床护士需要将主观评定法与量表评定法结合起来进行心理状态的评估．并对婴幼儿及学龄期儿童进行有预见性地护理和心理干预．制定相应的护理措施，保证心理护理的科学性。     

心理行为干预对性病后患者勃起功能障碍的作用

目的评价心理行为干预对性病后患者勃起功能障碍的影响。方法60例性病后勃起功能障碍的患者被随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组服用壮阳复春灵胶囊同时给以心理行为干预,疗程4周;对照组仅给以壮阳复春灵胶囊,疗程同前。以国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)积分评估疗效。结果治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为93.33%和70.00%,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论心理行为干预结合普通药物可明显提高对性病后患者勃起功能障碍的疗效。     

整形美容受术者MMPI测验的研究

用国内外公认的明尼苏达多相人格调查表（ＭｉｎｎｅｓｏｔａＭｕｌｔｉｐｈａｓｉｃＰｅｒｓｏｎａｌｉｔｙＩｎｖｅｎｔｏｒｙ，ＭＭＰＩ）对１９９６年８月至１２月的６０例整形美容受术者进行测验。通过ＭＭＰＩ测验的研究，发现整形美容受术者的个性特征与正常人群有显著差异。运用ＭＭＰＩ测验，可以作为整形美容手术心理适应证的筛选工具，以避免由于心理问题而引发的术后纠纷。