心理护理对老年股骨粗隆间骨折术后的影响

目的探讨围手术期心理护理对老年股骨粗隆间骨折手术后的影响。方法选择在我院手术治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者62例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组31例。观察组在实施骨科常规护理措施的基础上,配合有针对性的心理护理措施．对照组则仅实施骨科常规护理措施。比较两组患者手术后的疼痛视觉模拟评分情况及对患者护理的满意程度。结果观察组手术后的疼痛程度明显低于对照组,护理满意度则明显高于对照组,两组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论心理护理能明显减轻老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者手术后的疼痛程度,促进患者的身心康复,改善护患关系,提高护理满意度。     

浅论肝癌患者介入治疗的心理护理体会

通过对行介入治疗的肝癌患者进行必要的心理护理,消除其惧怕、忧虑等消极情绪,使得肝癌介入治疗患者治疗过程及术后恢复顺利,有效提高患者的生存质量。     

医学生心理抑郁状况的调查研究

目的了解医学院校学生抑郁状况的发生率,做到早期发现、早期干预。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法利用抑郁症自动语音识别筛查系统对首都医科大学第一临床医学院213名医学生进行测评。结果本院学生抑郁状态的发生率为10.3%,抑郁状态的发生率在性别(χ2=0.530,P=0.467)、年级(χ2=3.507,P=0.477)及专业(χ2=2.302,P=0.129)间差异无统计学意义。结论医学院校学生抑郁现状不容忽视,尤其对于将要走上治病救人工作岗位上的医学生,加强医学生的心理健康教育,提高医学生的心理健康水平尤为重要。     

心理护理对慢性胃炎负性情绪的影响分析

目的:观察分析心理护理对慢性胃炎患者合并焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响,总结其临床意义。方法:选取我院2009年3月至2011年3月88例慢性胃炎的患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,各44例,;对照组采取常规护理,;观察组在常规护理的基础上加以心理护理干预,护理前后分别采用焦虑自评量表(self-ratinganxietyscale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-ratingdepressionscale,SDS)进行评分,观察比较两组护理效果。结果:两组护理后的SAS、SDS评分均有所降低,观察组患者的SAS评分和SDS评分明显低于对照组,P<0.05,具有统计学意义。结论:对慢性胃炎合并焦虑、抑郁情绪的患者在常规护理的基础上加以针对性的心理护理干预,能有效缓解其负性情绪,减少并发症发生,提高治愈率,具有重要的临床意义。     

离退休老年人的心理调查(自评量表103例分析)

采用4个自我报告(Self-Report)形式的评定量法,对成都市区103名离、退休老人进行心理调查,并同老年前期组评定结果比较,各量表均分无明显统计学差异。不同性别两组老人在两个抑郁量表中男性老人组总分较高,表明他们的情感一般不如女性稳定。在症状自评量表的9类因子结构分析,发现老年和老年前期两组之间各因子均分亦无明显统计学差异。     

痴呆及其心理、行为症状与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平关系

目的 探讨痴呆及痴呆心理和行为症状(Psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia，BPSD)的可能发病机制，研究血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine，Hcy)水平与痴呆及BPSD的关系。方法 阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer Disease，AD)、混合性痴呆(Mixed dementia，MD)、血管性痴呆(Vascular dementia，VD)和正常对照组各30例参加本研究。采用Alzheimer病行为症状评定量表(The Behavioral Pathlology in Alzheimer Disease Rating Scale，BEHAVE-AD)评定痴呆患者BPSD。采用高压毛细血管电泳紫外检测法测定经2，4-二硝基氟苯(2，4-dimntrifluorobenzen，DNFB)衍生后的血浆Hcy水平。结果 AD、MD和VD患者血浆Hcy浓度均显著高于正常对照组，血浆高Hcy水平的痴呆患者BEHAVE-AD总分较高。结论 血浆高Hcy水平不仅与痴呆的发生发展有关，且在痴呆患者BPSD的发病机制中扮演了一个重要角色。     

心理护理联合运动疗法在妊娠糖尿病护理中的应用价值分析

目的研究心理护理联合运动疗法在妊娠糖尿病护理中的应用价值。方法根据随机数字表法将2018年3月—2019年2月期间该院接收的妊娠糖尿病患者64例分为两组,对照组32例进行常规护理,观察组32例加用心理护理联合运动疗法。将两组的情绪评分、血糖水平进行比对。结果观察组干预后的焦虑评分、抑郁评分、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在妊娠糖尿病患者护理中强化心理护理及运动疗法能够较好地改善心理状态,可有效控制血糖水平。     

噪音避水应激中心理因素对大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨噪音联合避水应激中的心理因素对大鼠免疫功能的影响．方法:成年(?)SD大鼠32只,随机分为实验A, B,C组和对照组．A组大鼠接受避水应激．B组接受噪音应激,C组接受噪音避水复合应激．应激结束后,检测所有大鼠肠系膜淋巴细胞增殖反应和外周血NK细胞杀伤功能．结果:以B淋巴细胞为主的淋巴细胞增殖实验及以T淋巴细胞为主的淋巴细胞增殖实验结果均显示,避水组与对照组淋巴细胞刺激指数无明显差异(P>0．05);噪声组的增殖指数低于对照组(LPS:0．71±0．11 vs 1．00±0．00,P<0．05; PHA:0．68±0．08vs1．00±0．00,P<0．05):复合应激组刺激指数明显低于对照组(LPS:0．4±0．05vs1．00±0．00,P<0．01:PHA:0．46±0．06vs1．00±0．00,P<0．01),且与噪声组也存在差异(LPS:0．4±0．05 vs 0．71±0．11,P<0．05; PHA:0．4±0．05 vs 0．68±0．08,P<0．05)．避水组与对照组的NK细胞杀伤活性无明显差异(P>0．051;而噪声组NK细胞杀伤活性低于对照组(1／10:24．6±11．6 vs 39．5±13．1,P<0．05; 1／20:21．8±9．6 vs 34．6±10．4．P<0．05;1／40: 17．8±7．9vs30．2±10．6,P<0．05);复合刺激组NK细胞杀伤活性明显低于对照组(1／10:17．6±8．3vs39．5±13．1,P<0．01;1／20:14．9±5．8 vs34．6±10．4．P<0．01:1／40:10．2±4．3 vs 30．2±10．6,P<0．01),且与噪声组也存在差异(1／10: 17．6±8．3vs24．6±11．6．P<0．05;1／20:14．9±5．8 vs 21．8±9．6．P<0．05;1／40:10．2±4．3vs 17．8±7．9．P<0．05)．结论:应激导致大鼠免疫功能下降,噪音联合避水应激中的心理因素对大鼠免疫系统抑制起一种潜在的作用．     

Use of the Short-Form-36 Health Survey to detect a subgroup of fibromyalgia patients with psychological dysfunction

The aim of the present study was to examine the in-depth application of the Short-Form-(SF)-36 Health Survey to score the general well-being in fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) patients. Quality of life was evaluated in 12 patients with FS. With respect to mental well-being (social functioning, role limitation due to emotional health problems, and mental health), two distinguished groups were found concerning psychological functioning. One group (n = 8) demonstrated psychological dysfunction, whereas the other (n = 4) showed normal psychological scores. Physical well-being scores (physical functioning, role limitation due to physical health problems, bodily pain, general health, and vitality) did not differ between FS patients but were altogether below the normal range. Regarding the psychological scores of the two groups of patients, SF-36 can be used to differentiate between patients with and without psychological dysfunction independent of pain. Therefore, we propose that the SF-36 could be of help to provide the most adequate therapy to achieve an optimal outcome in patients with FS and psychological disturbances.     

Self-Reported Symptoms among Danish Women following Cosmetic Breast Implant Surgery

The aim of this study was to examine self-reported symptomatology and to identify distinctive characteristics among women with silicone breast implants (SBI). Using the Danish hospital and population registers we identified three groups of women with a hospital diagnosis of muscular rheumatism (a non-specific soft-tissue diagnostic code) who had previously undergone SBI surgery (n= 28), breast reduction surgery (n= 29) or no breast surgery (n= 27); and three groups of women without a diagnosis of muscular rheumatism who had undergone SBI surgery (n= 21), breast reduction surgery (n= 27) or no breast surgery (n= 56). All study subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire focusing on sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, somatic symptoms and psychological symptoms. Women with SBI and women with breast reduction with no previous diagnosis of muscular rheumatism had similar patterns of reporting for most symptoms and characteristics. They reported significantly more somatic symptoms and psychological distress, including somatisation, obsessive–compulsiveness and depression, than women with no breast surgery. No significant differences in self-reported symptomatology and characteristics were observed among the three groups of women with a previous diagnosis of muscular rheumatism. Overall, women with prior muscular rheumatism reported more symptoms than those without. We concluded that self-reported somatic symptoms among women with SBI were similar to those of controls. Women with cosmetic breast surgery appear to have distinctive psychological characteristics. Our study emphasises the importance of taking the psychological profile and previous history of rheumatic diseases into account when examining women with SBI. Received: 28 February 2001 / Accepted: 2 July 2001