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61.
大鼠肾移植模型技术的改进 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的 为开展器官移植的实验研究,建立了大鼠异体肾移植模型。方法使用Wistar大鼠分别作为供者和受者,采用原位低温灌洗,肾动脉带一小段主动脉,肾静脉带一小段下腔静脉、输尿管末端带一直径约为0.5cm的膀胱瓣的供者手术方式;受者主动脉与供者主动脉、受者下腔静脉与供者下腔静脉进行端侧吻合,在受者膀胱上剪去一膀胱瓣与供者相同大小的圆瓣,然后进行一层膀胱吻合。结果 第一阶段为实验探索阶段,经过半年近150次的实验摸索,克服了移植物灌洗、血管吻合、膀胱吻合等技术难关,终于建立了比较稳定的大鼠同种异体肾移植模型。第二阶段为模型成熟阶段,冷热缺血时间、血管吻合的速度以及手术时间都比第一阶段有所缩短。手术成功率为85%左右,动物死亡的原因主要为血管吻合口出血、灌洗不良、休克、血栓形成以及膀胱漏尿致弥漫性腹膜炎等。结论 此模型容易掌握,可以在条件比较简单的实验室开展,除常规显微外科器械外不需要特殊的器械或设备。 相似文献
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Objective To construct new model of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and detect the AAA outer diameter and the change of induce nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the abdominal aor-tic aneurysm in different period,and analysis the correlation between experimental AAA and iNOS.Methods During the operation of the experiment group,the vascular prosthesis of PTFE was implanted to the rabbit abdominal aorta to form an aneurysm,while sham operation was done in the control group.The tissue of ab-dominal aortic aneurysm was harvested in 1 d,7d,14d,and 28d after operation,respectively.The tissue bo-mogenate concentration of iNOS in the abdominal aortic aneurysm were detected by enzyme linked immu-nosorbent assay (ELISA).Results In experimental group,mean concentration of the tissue bomogenate concentration of iNOS in the abdominal aortic aneurysm in 1 d,7 d,14 d,28 d were (22.129 ±2.518)μ/mL,(27.337±5.321) μ/mL,(36.047±4.584)μ/mL,(44.756±1.799)μ/mL,respectively;In control group,that was (12.499±1.807)μ/mL.The concentration of iNOS in experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.01).The difference during the experimental group all had statisti-cal significance (P < 0.05).Conclusion It is possible that iNOS has some biological function during the formation and progression of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. 相似文献
65.
骨外科患者拔尿管时注入药物对排尿的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的探讨提高长时间留置导尿管病人拔管后2h内排尿成功率的方法。方法按入院先后随机将64例导尿的男性骨折病人分两组,单数为观察组,双数为对照组。对照组常规拔尿管,观察组拔尿管时遵医嘱注入地塞米松5mg+2%利多卡因5ml+生理盐水5ml+庆大霉素8万U,比较首次排尿的自觉症状,包括尿痛、排尿困难、排尿障碍等。结果观察组较对照组病人首次排尿出现自觉症状的例数明显减少(P<0.01),有显著性差异。结论拔尿管时注入药物安全有效,明显提高了长期置管病人拔除尿管后首次排尿的成功率,减轻了病人的痛苦,有广泛的应用价值。 相似文献
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68.
张美芳 《浙江中医药大学学报》2006,30(6):684-684
探讨引发产褥期深静脉栓塞的危险因素,加强早期观察,实施有效的预防措施,以及产褥期深静脉栓塞病人的护理对策。 相似文献
69.
Jocelyn M. Cottrell BS Marjolein C. H. van der Meulen PhD Joseph M. Lane MD Elizabeth R. Myers PhD 《HSS journal》2006,2(1):12-18
The clinical goal of spinal fusion is to reduce motion and the associated pain. Therefore, measuring motion under loading
is critical. The purpose of this study was to validate four-point bending as a means to mechanically evaluate simulated fusions
in dog and rabbit spines. We hypothesized that this method would be more sensitive than manual palpation and would be able
to distinguish unilateral vs bilateral fusion. Spines from four mixed breed dogs and four New Zealand white rabbits were used
to simulate posterolateral fusion with polymethyl methacrylate as the fusion mass. We performed manual palpation and nondestructive
mechanical testing in four-point bending in four planes of motion: flexion, extension, and right and left bending. This testing
protocol was used for each specimen in three fusion modes: intact, unilateral, and bilateral fusion. Under manual palpation,
all intact spines were rated as not fused, and all unilateral and bilateral simulated fusions were rated as fused. In four-point
bending, dog spines were significantly stiffer after unilateral fusion compared with intact in all directions. Additionally,
rabbit spines were stiffer in flexion and left bending after unilateral fusion. All specimens exhibited significant differences
between intact and bilateral fusion except the rabbit in extension. For unilateral vs bilateral fusion, significant differences
were present for right bending in the dog model and for flexion in the rabbit. Unilateral fusion can provide enough stability
to constitute a fused grade by manual palpation but may not provide structural stiffness comparable to bilateral fusion. 相似文献
70.
Carl A Kirker-Head David C Van Sickle Steve W Ek John C McCool 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2006,24(5):1095-1108
Focal full-thickness cartilage lesions of the human medial femoral condyle (MFC) can cause pain and functional impairment. Affected middle-aged patients respond unpredictably to existing treatments and knee arthroplasty may be required, prompting risk of revision. This study assesses the safety of, and biological and functional response to, a metallic resurfacing implant which may delay or obviate the need for traditional arthroplasty. The anatomic contour of the surgically exposed MFC of six adult goats was digitally mapped and an 11 mm diameter full-thickness osteochondral defect was created. An anchor-based Co-Cr resurfacing implant, matching the mapped articular contour, was implanted. Each goat's contralateral unoperated femorotibial joint was used as a control. Postoperative outcome was assessed by lameness examination, radiography, arthroscopy, synoviocentesis, necropsy, and histology up to 26 (n = 3) or 52 (n = 3) weeks. By postoperative week (POW) 4, goats demonstrated normal range of motion, no joint effusion, and only mild lameness in the operated limb. By POW 26 the animals were sound with only occasional very mild lameness. Arthroscopy at POW 14 revealed moderate synovial inflammation and a chondral membrane extending centrally across the implant surface. Radiographs at POWs 14 to 52 implied implant stability in the operated joints, as well as subchondral bone remodeling and mild exostosis formation in the operated and contralateral unoperated joints of some goats. By POW 26, histology revealed new trabecular bone abutting the implant. At POWs 26 and 52 MFC cartilage was metachromatic and intact in the operated and unoperated femorotibial joints. Proximal tibiae of some operated and unoperated limbs demonstrated limited subchondral bone remodeling and foci of articular cartilage fibrillation and thinning. The chondral membrane crossing the prosthesis possessed a metachromatic matrix containing singular and clustered chondrocytes. Our data imply the safety, biocompatibility, and functionality of the implant. Focal articular damage was documented in the operated joints at POWs 26 and 52, but lesions were much reduced over those previously reported in untreated defects. Expanded animal or preclinical human studies are justified. 相似文献